超宽带距离测量误差来源分析
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摘要
利用6段比较、旋转天线和回归分析等方法,采用PulsON 410测距仪实验分析测试测程、脉冲指数、大气折射、天线相位中心偏移、多路径效应、穿透介质等对超宽带(ultra wide band,UWB)测距精度、误差的影响。结果发现测程大小与脉冲指数成正相关,测距误差与测程成线性正相关,多路径对测距稳定性与测程的影响较大,是UWB测距误差的主要来源;而大气折射和天线相位中心误差引起的测距误差在毫米级至厘米级之间,可忽略不计;不同的介质对UWB的测距精度影响不同,在穿透不同介质时,UWB的测距误差表现出系统误差特性。在测前依据测程,对模块的比例系数、固定系数以及要穿透的不同介质系统误差进行标定,能有效提高测距精度。
By means of six-segment comparison,rotating antenna and regression analysis and using Pulson 410 range finder,the effects were analyze of measurement range,pulse index,atmospheric refraction,phase center offset of antenna,multipath effect and penetrating medium on UWB ranging accuracy and error. It is found that the ranging error is positively correlated with the pulse index,the ranging error is linearly positively correlated with the measurement,and multipath with its great influence on the ranging stability and the measurement,makes the major sources of UWB's ranging error. Moreover,the ranging error caused by atmospheric refraction and antenna phase center error is negligible between millimeter and centimeter levels.Different media have different effects on the ranging accuracy of UWB. When penetrating different media,UWB's ranging error shows systematic error characteristics.Finally,by calibrating according to the raning before measurement the proportional coefficient,fixed coefficient and system errors of different media to be penetrated,the ranging accuracy is effectively improved.
By means of six-segment comparison,rotating antenna and regression analysis and using Pulson 410 range finder,the effects were analyze of measurement range,pulse index,atmospheric refraction,phase center offset of antenna,multipath effect and penetrating medium on UWB ranging accuracy and error. It is found that the ranging error is positively correlated with the pulse index,the ranging error is linearly positively correlated with the measurement,and multipath with its great influence on the ranging stability and the measurement,makes the major sources of UWB's ranging error. Moreover,the ranging error caused by atmospheric refraction and antenna phase center error is negligible between millimeter and centimeter levels.Different media have different effects on the ranging accuracy of UWB. When penetrating different media,UWB's ranging error shows systematic error characteristics.Finally,by calibrating according to the raning before measurement the proportional coefficient,fixed coefficient and system errors of different media to be penetrated,the ranging accuracy is effectively improved.
引文
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[2]李威,叶焱,谢晋雄,等.UWB高精度室内定位系统及实现[J].数据通信,2018(5):13-18.
[3]唐春玲.UWB定位系统研究[D].重庆:西南大学,2008.
[4]徐泽贤.基于UWB脉冲信号的测距定位技术[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2008.
[5]刘韬,徐爱功,随心.超宽带与惯性导航组合的室内导航定位[J].测绘科学,2016,41(12):162-166.
[6]王川阳,王坚,余航,等.测距误差改正的超宽带定位系统研究[J].测绘科学,2019,44(1):99-103.
[7]马少林,王岳.一种超宽带高精度测距系统的设计和实现[J].天津师范大学学报(自然科学版),2017,37(6):55-57.
[8]贾骏超.基于超宽带的室内定位技术研究[D].郑州:解放军信息工程大学,2017.
[9]王福学,韩庆龙,韩正阳.浅析全站仪加常数、乘常数[J].测绘与空间地理信息,2011,34(2):248-250.
[10]李华.大气折射率误差对精密光电测距精度的影响研究[J].电光与控制,2000,1(2):58-62.
[11]李晓波.GNSS天线相位中心改正模型的建立[D].北京:中国地震局地震研究所,2013.
[12]蒙静,张钦宇,张乃通,等.IR-UWB穿墙测距误差研究[J].哈尔滨工业大学学报, 2011,43(11):84-88.