珠江口盆地新近纪构造特征与演化
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摘要
在构造特征精细刻画的基础上,运用丰富的三维地震资料,通过断裂活动性的定量计算和平衡剖面分析,恢复了珠江口盆地新近纪构造演化过程,探讨了盆地动态演化的区域动力学机制。珠江口盆地新近纪经历了构造稳定期和构造活化期两大演化阶段。珠江组沉积时期,隆起区与坳陷区均整体沉降,仅坳陷内少量控盆断裂微弱活动,整体处于构造稳定阶段。进入韩江组沉积时期以来,盆地进入构造活化阶段,坳陷区表现为连续沉降,先期控盆断裂活动强度明显增强,以断块活动为特点;而东沙隆起区则经历了韩江组下段沉积时期、韩江组上段沉积时期和粤海组沉积时期三期同沉积隆升和万山组沉积时期以来的持续隆升过程,同时发育了近EW向右旋和NW向左旋共轭走滑断裂带以及一系列NWW向次级张性断裂。构造稳定阶段主要受南海扩张的影响,而构造活化阶段则是在伸展背景下发生的,可能与菲律宾海板块NW、NWW向运动导致的仰冲和弧-陆碰撞作用有关。
Using abundant 3D seismic data,this paper analyzed the geometrical characteristics,and clarified the Neogene tectonic evolution process and discussed the regional dynamics mechanism of the Pearl River Mouth Basin.Pearl River Mouth Basin underwent tectonically stable period and tectonic activation period in the Neogene period.During the depositional period of the Zhujiang Formation,uplift zone and depression zone were all in a regional subsidence stage,only a few basin-controlling faults in the depression zone were still weakly active,the whole depression was in the stage of structural stability.While in the depositional period of Hanjiang Formation,the whole basin was in the tectonic activation period,and the depression zone showed continuous subsidence,the pre-existing basin-controlling faults became more active and are characterized by the movement of fault block.Dongsha uplift zone experienced three syn-deposition uplifts during the early depositional period of the Hanjiang Formation,the late depositional period of the Hanjiang Formation,and the depositional period of the Yuehai Formation.The uplift stage continued since the depositional period of the Wanshan Formation,and the conjugate strike-slip fault system composed of a subparallel EW dextral strike-slip fault zone and a NW sinistral strike-slip fault zone,and a series of NWW secondary tensile fractures occurred during this stage.The expansion of the South China Sea resulted in the tectonic stability of the basin,while the Neogene tectonic activation was closely related to an extensional setting caused by the obduction and arc-continent collision of the NW and NWW movement of the Philippine Sea Plate.
Using abundant 3D seismic data,this paper analyzed the geometrical characteristics,and clarified the Neogene tectonic evolution process and discussed the regional dynamics mechanism of the Pearl River Mouth Basin.Pearl River Mouth Basin underwent tectonically stable period and tectonic activation period in the Neogene period.During the depositional period of the Zhujiang Formation,uplift zone and depression zone were all in a regional subsidence stage,only a few basin-controlling faults in the depression zone were still weakly active,the whole depression was in the stage of structural stability.While in the depositional period of Hanjiang Formation,the whole basin was in the tectonic activation period,and the depression zone showed continuous subsidence,the pre-existing basin-controlling faults became more active and are characterized by the movement of fault block.Dongsha uplift zone experienced three syn-deposition uplifts during the early depositional period of the Hanjiang Formation,the late depositional period of the Hanjiang Formation,and the depositional period of the Yuehai Formation.The uplift stage continued since the depositional period of the Wanshan Formation,and the conjugate strike-slip fault system composed of a subparallel EW dextral strike-slip fault zone and a NW sinistral strike-slip fault zone,and a series of NWW secondary tensile fractures occurred during this stage.The expansion of the South China Sea resulted in the tectonic stability of the basin,while the Neogene tectonic activation was closely related to an extensional setting caused by the obduction and arc-continent collision of the NW and NWW movement of the Philippine Sea Plate.
引文
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于水明,陈雪芳,梅廉夫,等.2012.珠一坳陷断层特征及对油气成藏的作用[J].石油天然气学报,34(1):50-54.
朱俊章,施和生,龙祖烈,等.2015.珠-坳陷半地堑成藏系统成藏模式与油气分布格局[J].中国石油勘探,20(1):25-26.
赵淑娟,吴时国,施和生,等.2012.南海北部东沙运动的构造特征及动力学机制探讨[J].地球物理学进展,27(3):1016-1017.
朱伟林,吴景富,张功成,等.2015.中国近海新生代盆地构造差异性演化及油气勘探方向[J].地学前缘,22(1):96-97.
钟志洪,施和生,朱明,等.2014.珠江口盆地构造--地层格架及成因机制探讨[J].中国海上油气,26(5):21-24.
Hall R.2012.Late Jurassic-Cenozoic reconstructions of the Indonesian region and the Indian Ocean[J].Tectonophysics,570:25-30.
Huang C Y,Xia K,Yuan P B,et al.2001.Structural evolution from Paleogene extension to Latest Miocene-Recent arc-continent collision offshore Taiwan:comparison with on land geology[J].Journal of Asian Earth Sciences,19(5):619-639.
Lüdmann T and Wong H K.1999.Neotectonic regime on the passive continental margin of the northern South China Sea[J].Tectonophysics,311(1):120-122.
陈雪芳,李洪博,高鹏,等.2012.珠一坳陷浅层新领域油气勘探潜力条件分析[J].石油天然气学报,34(4):52-56.
范建柯.2013.菲律宾海板块西边缘的地震层析成像研究[D].中国科学院研究生院(海洋研究所),61-63.
耿威,张训华,温珍河,等.2013.台湾东部海岸山脉对弧陆碰撞的响应[J].地质论评,59(1):130-133.
胡阳,吴智平,钟志洪,等.2016.珠江口盆地珠-坳陷始新世中-晚期构造变革特征及成因[J].石油与天然气地质,37(5):779-785.
栾锡武,刘鸿,彭学超.2012a.南海北部东沙古隆起的综合地球物理解释[J].地球物理学报,54(12):3223-3224.
栾锡武,孙钿奇,彭学超.2012b.南海北部陆架南北卫浅滩的成因及油气地质意义[J].地质学报,86(4):626-640.
李平鲁.1994.珠江口盆地构造特征与油气聚集[J].广东地质,9(4):21-28.
刘以宣,钟建强.1994.南海及邻域新构造运动基本特征[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,14(4):1-14.
刘宗惠.1994.南海珠江口盆地新构造运动特征[J].南海地质研究,6:44-45.
彭光荣,刘从印,吴建耀,等.2013.珠江口盆地番禺4洼晚期断裂系统对油气成藏的控制作用[J].特种油气藏,20(3):42-45.
任建业.2004.渤海湾盆地东营凹陷S6'界面的构造变革意义[J].地球科学--中国地质大学学报,29(1):72-76.
施和生.2013.论油气资源不均匀分布与分带差异富集--以珠江口盆地珠一坳陷为例[J].中国海上油气,25(5):1-8.
尚继宏.2008.马尼拉海沟中北段俯冲带特征对比及区域构造动力学研究[D].中国科学院研究生院(海洋研究所),79-80.
尚继宏,李家彪.2009.南海东北部陆缘区新近纪早期反转构造特征及其动力学意义[J].海洋学报,31(3):79-80.
孙金龙,徐辉龙,李亚敏.2009.南海东北部新构造运动及其动力学机制[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,29(3):61-68.
吴时国,刘展,王万银,等.2004.东沙群岛海区晚新生代构造特征及其对弧-陆碰撞的响应[J].海洋与湖沼,35(6):481-483.
王文君,李伟,冯德永,等.2012.青东凹陷古近纪构造演化与盆地转型[J].大地构造与成矿学,36(1):32-38.
卫小冬,阮爱国,赵明辉,等.2012.穿越东沙隆起和潮汕坳陷的OBS广角地震剖面[J].地球物理学报,54(12):3323-3335.
吴智平,胡阳,钟志洪.2015.珠一坳陷番禺4洼新生代断裂特征及其区域动力背景[J].中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),39(4):1-9.
叶加仁,吴景富,舒誉,等.2012.中国近海富烃凹陷油气成藏特征[J].地质科技情报,31(5):105-111.
于水明,陈雪芳,梅廉夫,等.2012.珠一坳陷断层特征及对油气成藏的作用[J].石油天然气学报,34(1):50-54.
朱俊章,施和生,龙祖烈,等.2015.珠-坳陷半地堑成藏系统成藏模式与油气分布格局[J].中国石油勘探,20(1):25-26.
赵淑娟,吴时国,施和生,等.2012.南海北部东沙运动的构造特征及动力学机制探讨[J].地球物理学进展,27(3):1016-1017.
朱伟林,吴景富,张功成,等.2015.中国近海新生代盆地构造差异性演化及油气勘探方向[J].地学前缘,22(1):96-97.
钟志洪,施和生,朱明,等.2014.珠江口盆地构造--地层格架及成因机制探讨[J].中国海上油气,26(5):21-24.
Hall R.2012.Late Jurassic-Cenozoic reconstructions of the Indonesian region and the Indian Ocean[J].Tectonophysics,570:25-30.
Huang C Y,Xia K,Yuan P B,et al.2001.Structural evolution from Paleogene extension to Latest Miocene-Recent arc-continent collision offshore Taiwan:comparison with on land geology[J].Journal of Asian Earth Sciences,19(5):619-639.
Lüdmann T and Wong H K.1999.Neotectonic regime on the passive continental margin of the northern South China Sea[J].Tectonophysics,311(1):120-122.