辽东湾海域古近系沙河街组钙质砂岩成因机制和控制因素
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摘要
辽东湾海域古近系沙河街组具有丰富的油气资源,是中深层油气藏勘探开发的重要方向。J油田为辽东湾海域典型的中深层油藏,已钻探的开发井普遍钻遇钙质砂岩,极大影响储层品质,制约油田开发效果。根据岩心、薄片、扫描电镜及钻井、测井资料,对J油田沙二段钙质砂岩的成因机制及控制因素进行研究。结果表明:钙质砂岩的形成和展布受沉积作用和成岩作用的共同影响。受砂岩顶、底部泥岩成岩作用影响,钙质砂岩具有粒度细、含油性差、物性差、密度高等特点。受沉积作用影响,在垂向上,砂岩的沉积厚度和沉积韵律控制碳酸盐胶结的类型和发育部位;平面上,沉积相带和泥岩厚度影响钙质砂岩的平面展布和胶结强度。基于研究区沙一段泥岩和沙二段砂岩平面分布特征,预测沙二段钙质砂岩平面展布规律,认为砂岩厚度相对较薄、泥岩厚度相对较大的湖盆中央为研究区钙质砂岩发育带,其储层品质受钙质砂岩发育程度影响。
The Paleogene Shahejie Formation in Liaodong Gulf area is rich in oil and gas resources,which is an important target for exploration and development of middle-to-deep hydrocarbon reservoirs. J Oilfield is a typical middle-to-deep hydrocarbon reservoirs in Liaodong Gulf. The calcareous sandstone was drilled by development wells there,which affected the quality of reservoirs and restricted the effect of oil field development. Based on the core,thin section,SEM,drilling and logging data,the characteristics and genetic mechanism of calcareous sandstone and its controlling factors of the second member of Shahejie Formation in J oilfield were discussed. The results show that the formation and distribution of calcareous sandstone are affected by both sedimentation and diagenesis. The calcareous sandstone is characterized by fine granularity,low oil saturation,poor physical property and high density,which is resulted from the diagenesis of shale at the top and bottom of the sandstone. Affected by the sedimentation,the type and vertical position of carbonate cementation are controlled by the sediment thickness and rhythm of sandstone,while the sedimentary facies and mudstone thickness affect the horizontal distribution and cementation degree of the calcareous sandstone. Based on the horizontal distribution characteristics of the mudstone in the first member and the sandstone in the second member of Shahejie Formation,the horizontal distribution of the calcareous sandstone in the second member of Shahejie Formation was predicted. The center of the basin,characterized by thin sandstone and thick mudstone,is the favorable development area of calcareous sandstone and its development degree controls the quality of reservoirs.
The Paleogene Shahejie Formation in Liaodong Gulf area is rich in oil and gas resources,which is an important target for exploration and development of middle-to-deep hydrocarbon reservoirs. J Oilfield is a typical middle-to-deep hydrocarbon reservoirs in Liaodong Gulf. The calcareous sandstone was drilled by development wells there,which affected the quality of reservoirs and restricted the effect of oil field development. Based on the core,thin section,SEM,drilling and logging data,the characteristics and genetic mechanism of calcareous sandstone and its controlling factors of the second member of Shahejie Formation in J oilfield were discussed. The results show that the formation and distribution of calcareous sandstone are affected by both sedimentation and diagenesis. The calcareous sandstone is characterized by fine granularity,low oil saturation,poor physical property and high density,which is resulted from the diagenesis of shale at the top and bottom of the sandstone. Affected by the sedimentation,the type and vertical position of carbonate cementation are controlled by the sediment thickness and rhythm of sandstone,while the sedimentary facies and mudstone thickness affect the horizontal distribution and cementation degree of the calcareous sandstone. Based on the horizontal distribution characteristics of the mudstone in the first member and the sandstone in the second member of Shahejie Formation,the horizontal distribution of the calcareous sandstone in the second member of Shahejie Formation was predicted. The center of the basin,characterized by thin sandstone and thick mudstone,is the favorable development area of calcareous sandstone and its development degree controls the quality of reservoirs.
引文
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[11]陈波,陈汾君,马进业,等.冷湖地区上干柴沟组储层碳酸盐胶结物特征及地质意义[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2016,35(5):28-33.CHEN Bo,CHEN Fenjun,MA Jinye,et al.Characteristics and their geological significances of the carbonate cements in Shangganchaigou-Formation reservoirs of Lenghu area[J].Petroleum Geology&Oilfield Development in Daqing,2016,35(5):28-33.
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[14]谢佳彤,李斌,彭军,等.塔中地区柯坪塔格组储层致密化成因[J].特种油气藏,2016,23(2):59-62.XIE Jiatong,LI Bin,PENG Jun,et al.Densification genesis of Kepingtage reservoirs in Tazhong[J].Special Oil&Gas Reservoirs,2016,23(2):59-62.
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[16]王清斌,臧春艳,赖维成,等.渤中坳陷古近系中、深部碎屑岩储层碳酸盐胶结物分布特征及成因机制[J].石油与天然气地质,2009,30(4):438-443.WANG Qingbin,ZANG Chunyan,LAI Weicheng,et al.Distribution characteristics and origin of carbonate cements in the middle and deep clastic reservoirs of the Paleogene in the Bozhong Depression[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2009,30(4):438-443.
[17]CHOWDHURY A H,NOBLE JAMES P A.Origin,distribution and significance of carbonate cements in the Albert Formation reservoir sandstones,New Brunswick,Canada[J].Marine and Petroleum Geology,1996,13(7):837-846.
[18]漆滨汶,林春明,邱桂强,等.东营凹陷古近系沙河街组砂岩透镜体钙质结壳形成机理及其对油气成藏的影响[J].古地理学报,2006,8(4):519-530.QI Binwen,LIN Chunming,QIU Guiqiang,et al.Formation mechanism of calcareous incrustation in lenticular sandbody of the Shahejie Formation of Paleogene and its influence on hydrocarbon accumulation in Dongying Sag[J].Journal of Palaeogeography,2006,8(4):519-530.
[19]单敬福,赵忠军,李浮萍,等.砂质碎屑储层钙质夹层形成机理及其主控因素分析[J].地质评论,2015,61(3):614-620.SHAN Jingfu,ZHAO Zhongjun,LI Fuping,et al.Mechanism and controlling factors of calcium interbeds formed in the reservoir[J].Geological Review,2015,61(3):614-620.
[20]吴倩,方小宇,王玉,等.南海A油田珠江组钙质层成因与控制因素分析[J].岩性油气藏,2016,28(3):68-73.WU Qian,FANG Xiaoyu,WANG Yu,et al.Origin and controlling factors of calcareous interlayers of Zhujiang Formation in Nanhai A oilfield[J].Lithologic Reserviors,2016,28(3):68-73.
[2]官大勇,魏刚,王粤川,等.渤海海域渤中地区中深层储层控制因素分析——以石臼坨凸起东段陡坡带沙河街组为例[J].天然气勘探与开发,2012,35(2):5-12.GUAN Dayong,WEI Gang,WANG Yuechuan,et al.Controlling factors of middle-to-deep reservoir in Bozhong Depression,Bohai Sea:An example from Shahejie Formation in the steep slope belt of eastern Shijiutuo Uplift[J].Natural Gas Exploration&Development,2012,35(2):5-12.
[3]汪利兵,赵春明,曹树春,等.渤海古近系辫状河三角洲储层描述配套技术——以锦州25-1南油田沙河街组为例[J].重庆科技学院学报:自然科学版,2011,13(3):65-69.WANG Libing,ZHAO Chunming,CAO Shuchun,et al.Supporting technology of reservoir description for braided river delta with Bohai Paleogene-Taking Shahejie formation of south oilfield of Jinzhou25-1 as example[J].Journal of Chongqing University of Science and Technology:Natural Sciences Edition,2011,13(3):65-69.
[4]韩雪芳,陈建波,张占女,等.渤海X油田古近系沙三段扇三角洲砂体地质模式再认识[J].重庆科技学院学报:自然科学版,2015,17(3):24-29.HAN Xuefang,CHEN Jianbo,ZHANG Zhannü,et al.Recognition of geologic model of fan delta in member3 of Shahejie formation of X oilfield in Bohai bay[J].Journal of Chongqing University of Science and Technology:Natural Sciences Edition,2015,17(3):24-29.
[5]姜向强,钟大康,张琼.辽东湾地区古近系砂岩成岩作用与孔隙演化[J].西安石油大学学报:自然科学版,2007,22(6):14-19.JIANG Xiangqiang,ZHONG Dakang,ZHANG Qiong.Diagenesis and porosity evolution of the paleogene sandstone reservoirs in Liaodongwan Area[J].Journal of Xi’an Shiyou University:Natural Science Edition,2007,22(6):14-19.
[6]张永旺,曾溅辉,高霞,等.东营凹陷古近系储层碳酸盐胶结物分布特征及主控因素[J].吉林大学学报:地球科学版,2009,39(1):16-22.ZHANG Yongwang,ZENG Jianhui,GAO Xia,et al.Distribution characteristics and main controlling factors of carbonate cements in the Paleogene reservoirs in Dongying Depression[J].Journal of Jilin University:Earth Science Edition,2009,39(1):16-22.
[7]王凤娇,刘义坤,于苏浩.苏里格气田东区致密砂岩储层特征[J].油气地质与采收率,2017,24(6):43-47.WANG Fengjiao,LIU Yikun,YU Suhao.Reservoir characteristics of tight sandstone in the eastern Sulige Gas Field[J].Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency,2017,24(6):43-47.
[8]朱筱敏,米立军,钟大康,等.济阳坳陷古近系成岩作用及其对储层质量的影响[J].古地理学报,2006,8(3):295-305.ZHU Xiaomin,MI Lijun,ZHONG Dakang,et al.Paleogene diagenesis and its control on reservoir quality in Jiyang Depression[J].Journal of Palaeogeography,2006,8(3):295-305.
[9]李玲玲.满加尔凹陷东部志留系致密砂岩储层特征[J].油气地质与采收率,2016,23(2):47-51,75.LI Lingling.Reservoir characteristics of Silurian tight sandstone in the eastern Manjiaer sag[J].Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency,2016,23(2):47-51,75.
[10]孙海涛,李超,钟大康,等.渤中25-1油田沙三段低渗储层特征及其成因[J].岩性油气藏,2014,26(3):11-16.SUN Haitao,LI Chao,ZHONG Dakang,et al.Characteristics and origin of low permeability reservoir of the third member of Shahejie Formation in Bozhong25-1 oilfield[J].Lithologic Reserviors,2014,26(3):11-16.
[11]陈波,陈汾君,马进业,等.冷湖地区上干柴沟组储层碳酸盐胶结物特征及地质意义[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2016,35(5):28-33.CHEN Bo,CHEN Fenjun,MA Jinye,et al.Characteristics and their geological significances of the carbonate cements in Shangganchaigou-Formation reservoirs of Lenghu area[J].Petroleum Geology&Oilfield Development in Daqing,2016,35(5):28-33.
[12]田洋,卢宗盛,权英哲,等.辽河盆地大民屯凹陷沈95区块砂岩储层中钙质夹层研究[J].岩石矿物学杂志,2009,28(2):152-160.TIAN Yang,LU Zongsheng,KWON Yongchol,et al.Calcareous interbeds in the sandstone reservoir of Shen-95 Block within Damintun Sag,Liaohe Basin[J].Acta Petrologica et Mineralogica,2009,28(2):152-160.
[13]滕建彬.流体—岩石化学作用控制的成岩相划分与评价——以江家店—瓦屋地区沙三段下亚段为例[J].油气地质与采收率,2017,24(3):1-9.TENG Jianbin.Division and evaluation of diagenetic facies of reservoirs in the control of fluid-rock chemical interaction:A case study of the lower Es3in Jiangjiadian-Wawu area[J].Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency,2017,24(3):1-9.
[14]谢佳彤,李斌,彭军,等.塔中地区柯坪塔格组储层致密化成因[J].特种油气藏,2016,23(2):59-62.XIE Jiatong,LI Bin,PENG Jun,et al.Densification genesis of Kepingtage reservoirs in Tazhong[J].Special Oil&Gas Reservoirs,2016,23(2):59-62.
[15]段冬平,侯加根,高建,等.河控三角洲前缘钙质胶结分布规律及其成因——以东营凹陷永安镇油田为例[J].长江大学学报:自科版,2015,12(11):30-35.DUAN Dongping,HOU Jiagen,GAO Jian,et al.The distribution regularities and genesis of calcite cementation in the fluvial-dominated delta front-taking Yonganzhen Oilfield in Dongying Sag for example[J].Journal of Yangtze University:Natural Science Edition,2015,12(11):30-35.
[16]王清斌,臧春艳,赖维成,等.渤中坳陷古近系中、深部碎屑岩储层碳酸盐胶结物分布特征及成因机制[J].石油与天然气地质,2009,30(4):438-443.WANG Qingbin,ZANG Chunyan,LAI Weicheng,et al.Distribution characteristics and origin of carbonate cements in the middle and deep clastic reservoirs of the Paleogene in the Bozhong Depression[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2009,30(4):438-443.
[17]CHOWDHURY A H,NOBLE JAMES P A.Origin,distribution and significance of carbonate cements in the Albert Formation reservoir sandstones,New Brunswick,Canada[J].Marine and Petroleum Geology,1996,13(7):837-846.
[18]漆滨汶,林春明,邱桂强,等.东营凹陷古近系沙河街组砂岩透镜体钙质结壳形成机理及其对油气成藏的影响[J].古地理学报,2006,8(4):519-530.QI Binwen,LIN Chunming,QIU Guiqiang,et al.Formation mechanism of calcareous incrustation in lenticular sandbody of the Shahejie Formation of Paleogene and its influence on hydrocarbon accumulation in Dongying Sag[J].Journal of Palaeogeography,2006,8(4):519-530.
[19]单敬福,赵忠军,李浮萍,等.砂质碎屑储层钙质夹层形成机理及其主控因素分析[J].地质评论,2015,61(3):614-620.SHAN Jingfu,ZHAO Zhongjun,LI Fuping,et al.Mechanism and controlling factors of calcium interbeds formed in the reservoir[J].Geological Review,2015,61(3):614-620.
[20]吴倩,方小宇,王玉,等.南海A油田珠江组钙质层成因与控制因素分析[J].岩性油气藏,2016,28(3):68-73.WU Qian,FANG Xiaoyu,WANG Yu,et al.Origin and controlling factors of calcareous interlayers of Zhujiang Formation in Nanhai A oilfield[J].Lithologic Reserviors,2016,28(3):68-73.
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