人工补水条件下白洋淀湿地演变研究
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摘要
近几十年来,在自然因素和人类活动的双重作用下,白洋淀湿地及其周边环境发生了明显变化。本文采用综合识别遥感提取技术,对近40年来白洋淀湿地面积信息进行提取并分析其变化特征,在1986—1989年间,湿地面积增加253.29 km~2;1989—1994年间,湿地面积减少181.61 km~2;1994—1997,湿地面积增加158.17 km~2;1997—2004年间,湿地面积减少170.37 km~2;2004—2016年,湿地面积增加106.09 km~2。根据湿地面积提取结果,分析湿地面积与地表水位和地下水位的关系,确定了白洋淀湿地面积变化的主要控制因子为地表水位,其与白洋淀湿地面积的相关性非常好,相关系数达0.99;白洋淀湿地面积与周边区域的地下水位动态变化呈正相关性,说明湿地渗漏量对周边区域的地下水位动态变化有一定影响。针对白洋淀湿地地表水位,采用水均衡法,分析了影响白洋淀地表水位的主控因素,主要为白洋淀湿地的入淀流量和蒸发蒸腾消耗量。通过白洋淀湿地演变及其影响因素的分析,初步揭示了白洋淀湿地与水文过程的相互影响机制,可为制定白洋淀湿地生态修复和水资源可持续利用方案等提供技术支撑和理论参考。
In recent decades, Baiyangdian Wetlands and its surrounding environments have changed a lot due to the impacts of natural factors and human activities. In this paper, the comprehensive identification method based on remote sensing technique was adopted to extract the area information of Baiyangdian Wetlands. And the area variation characteristics of Baiyangdian Wetlands were analyzed. The area was increased by 253.29 km~2 from 1986 to 1989, reduced by 181.61 km~2 from 1989 to 1994, increased by 158.17 km~2 from 1994 to 1997, reduced by 170.37 km~2 from 1997 to 2004, and increased by 106.09 km~2 from 2004 to 2016. According to the extracted results of area, the relationship between wetlands area and surface water level and groundwater level is analyzed. The major controlling factor of Baiyangdian Wetlands area as well as the surface water level was determined by establishing the good relation between area and surface water levels. The correlation coefficient of these two items is 0.99. There is a positive correlation between Baiyangdian Wetlands area and the dynamic change of groundwater level in the surrounding areas, which indicates that the leakage of wetlands has a certain influence on the dynamic change of the groundwater level in the surrounding areas. In order to study the influencing factors of surface water level in Baiyangdian Wetlands, the authors used the water balance method. The main factors which can influence the surface water level a lot are inflows to the wetlands and the evapotranspiration consumption. Through the analysis of the area evolution of Baiyangdian Wetlands and its influencing factors, the impact mechanism between the evolution of Baiyangdian Wetlands and the hydrological process is preliminarily revealed, which can provide technical support and theoretical reference for formulating strategies of ecological restoration and sustainable utilization of water resources in Baiyangdian Wetlands.
In recent decades, Baiyangdian Wetlands and its surrounding environments have changed a lot due to the impacts of natural factors and human activities. In this paper, the comprehensive identification method based on remote sensing technique was adopted to extract the area information of Baiyangdian Wetlands. And the area variation characteristics of Baiyangdian Wetlands were analyzed. The area was increased by 253.29 km~2 from 1986 to 1989, reduced by 181.61 km~2 from 1989 to 1994, increased by 158.17 km~2 from 1994 to 1997, reduced by 170.37 km~2 from 1997 to 2004, and increased by 106.09 km~2 from 2004 to 2016. According to the extracted results of area, the relationship between wetlands area and surface water level and groundwater level is analyzed. The major controlling factor of Baiyangdian Wetlands area as well as the surface water level was determined by establishing the good relation between area and surface water levels. The correlation coefficient of these two items is 0.99. There is a positive correlation between Baiyangdian Wetlands area and the dynamic change of groundwater level in the surrounding areas, which indicates that the leakage of wetlands has a certain influence on the dynamic change of the groundwater level in the surrounding areas. In order to study the influencing factors of surface water level in Baiyangdian Wetlands, the authors used the water balance method. The main factors which can influence the surface water level a lot are inflows to the wetlands and the evapotranspiration consumption. Through the analysis of the area evolution of Baiyangdian Wetlands and its influencing factors, the impact mechanism between the evolution of Baiyangdian Wetlands and the hydrological process is preliminarily revealed, which can provide technical support and theoretical reference for formulating strategies of ecological restoration and sustainable utilization of water resources in Baiyangdian Wetlands.
引文
包云,马广仁.2013.中国湿地报告[M].北京:中国林业出版社.
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保定市水利局.2008.保定市水资源公报[R].保定:保定市水利局.
保定市水利局.2009.保定市水资源公报[R].保定:保定市水利局.
保定市水利局.2010.保定市水资源公报[R].保定:保定市水利局.
保定市水利局.2011.保定市水资源公报[R].保定:保定市水利局.
保定市水利局.2012.保定市水资源公报[R].保定:保定市水利局.
保定市水利局.2013.保定市水资源公报[R].保定:保定市水利局.
保定市水利局.2014.保定市水资源公报[R].保定:保定市水利局.
保定市水利局.2015.保定市水资源公报[R].保定:保定市水利局.
常利伟.2014.白洋淀湖群的演变研究[D].吉林:东北师范大学.
董娜.2009.白洋淀湿地生态干旱及两库联通补水分析[D].保定:河北农业大学.
董文君.2011.基于生态需水和生态水权分析的白洋淀湿地补水研究[D].南京:南京信息工程大学.
高彦春,王晗,龙笛.2009.白洋淀流域水文条件变化和面临的生态环境问题[J].资源科学,31(9):1506-1513.
高彦春,王金凤,封志明.2017.白洋淀流域气温、降水和径流变化特征及其相互响应关系[J].中国生态农业学报,25(4):467-477.
江波,肖洋,马文勇,欧阳志云.2016.1974—2011年白洋淀土地覆盖时空变化特征[J].湿地科学与管理,12(1):38-42.
林皓波,吴新玲,刘菲,边静.2012.白洋淀湿地资源的遥感监测[J].中南林业科技大学学报,32(4):127-130.
刘春兰,谢高地,肖玉.2007.气候变化对白洋淀湿地的影响[J].长江流域资源与环境,16(2):245-250.
刘建芝,魏建强.2007.白洋淀蒸发渗漏与补水量计算分析[J].水科学与工程技术,(1):15-16.
沈占锋,李均力,于新菊.2016.基于协同计算的白洋淀湿地时序水体信息提取[J].地球信息科学学报,18(5):690-698.
王朝华,王子璐,乔光建.2011.跨流域调水对恢复白洋淀生态环境重要性分析[J].南水北调与水利科技,9(3):138-141.
王京,卢善龙,吴炳方,闫娜娜,裴亮.2010.近40年来白洋淀湿地土地覆被变化分析[J].地球信息科学学报,12(2):292-300.
王凯霖,赵凯,李海涛,张宝匀,李文鹏.2017.基于综合识别方法的河北白洋淀湿地提取研究[J].现代地质,31(6):1294-1300.
王秀艳.2011.白洋淀湿地系统地表水和地下水相互关系的研究[D].保定:河北农业大学.
徐卫华,欧阳志云,IRISVAND,郑华,王效科,苗鸿,曹全虎.2005.白洋淀地区近16年芦苇湿地面积变化与水位的关系[J].水土保持学报,19(4):181-184,189.
杨春霄.2010.白洋淀入淀水量变化及影响因素分析[J].地下水,32(2):110-112.
张东江,哈建强,史洪飞.2014.白洋淀入淀流量变异程度分析[J].水资源保护,30(1):43-47.
张赶年.2013.白洋淀湿地补水的生态补偿研究[D].南京:南京信息工程大学.
张素珍,马静,李贵宝.2007.白洋淀湿地面临的生态问题及可持续发展对策[J].南水北调与水利科技,5(4):53-56.
BAO Yun,MA Guang-ren.2013.China Wetland Report[M].Beijing:China Forestry Publishing House(in Chinese).
Baoding Water Conservancy Bureau.2006.Baoding Water Resources Bulletin[R].Baoding:Baoding Water Conservancy Bureau(in Chinese).
Baoding Water Conservancy Bureau.2007.Baoding Water Resources Bulletin[R].Baoding:Baoding Water Conservancy Bureau(in Chinese).
Baoding Water Conservancy Bureau.2008.Baoding Water Resources Bulletin[R].Baoding:Baoding Water Conservancy Bureau(in Chinese).
Baoding Water Conservancy Bureau.2009.Baoding Water Resources Bulletin[R].Baoding:Baoding Water Conservancy Bureau(in Chinese).
Baoding Water Conservancy Bureau.2010.Baoding Water Resources Bulletin[R].Baoding:Baoding Water Conservancy Bureau(in Chinese).
Baoding Water Conservancy Bureau.2011.Baoding Water Resources Bulletin[R].Baoding:Baoding Water Conservancy Bureau(in Chinese).
Baoding Water Conservancy Bureau.2012.Baoding Water Resources Bulletin[R].Baoding:Baoding Water Conservancy Bureau(in Chinese).
Baoding Water Conservancy Bureau.2013.Baoding Water Resources Bulletin[R].Baoding:Baoding Water Conservancy Bureau(in Chinese).
Baoding Water Conservancy Bureau.2014.Baoding Water Resources Bulletin[R].Baoding:Baoding Water Conservancy Bureau(in Chinese).
Baoding Water Conservancy Bureau.2015.Baoding Water Resources Bulletin[R].Baoding:Baoding Water Conservancy Bureau(in Chinese).
CHANG Li-wei.2014.The evolution of Baiyangdian Lake group research[D].Jilin:Northeast Normal University(in Chinese with English abstract).
CUI B S,LI X,ZHANG K J.2010.Classification of hydrological conditions to assess water allocation schemes for Lake Baiyangdian in North China[J].Journal of Hydrology,385(1):247-256.
DONG Na.2009.Analysis of ecological drought and supplementing water to Baiyangdian Wetland from two reservoirs linking system[D].Baoding:Agricultural University of Hebei(in Chinese with English abstract).
DONG Wen-jun.2011.Research on Baiyangdian Wetland supplementing water based on the ecological water demand and ecological analysis of water rights[D].Nanjing:Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology(in Chinese with English abstract).
GAO Yan-chun,WANG Han,LONG Di.2009.Changes in hydrological conditions and the eco-environmental problems in Baiyangdian watershed[J].Resources Science,31(9):1506-1513(in Chinese with English abstract).
GAO Yan-chun,WANG Jin-feng,FENG Zhi-ming.2017.Variation trend and response relationship of temperature,precipitation and runoff in Baiyangdian Lake Basin[J].Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture,25(4):467-477(in Chinese with English abstract).
JIANG Bo,XIAO Yang,MA Wen-yong,OUYANG Zhi-yun.2016.Spatiotemporal Characteristics of the land cover change in Baiyangdian lake from 1974 to 2011[J].Wetland Science&Management,12(1):38-42(in Chinese with English abstract).
LIN Hao-bo,WU Xin-ling,LIU Fei,BIAN Jing.2012.Wetlandresources monitoring for Baiyangdian lake by remote sensing technology[J].Journal of Central South University of Forestry&Technology,32(4):127-130(in Chinese with English abstract).
LIU Chun-lan,XIE Gao-di,XIAO Yu.2007.Impact of climatic change on Baiyangdian Wetland[J].Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin,16(2):245-250(in Chinese with English abstract).
LIU Jian-zhi,WEI Jian-qiang.2007.Calculation and analysis of evaporation,infiltration and water supply[J].Water Sciences and Engineering Technology,(1):15-16(in Chinese with English abstract).
SHEN Zhan-feng,LI Jun-li,YU Xin-ju.2016.Water information extraction of Baiyangdian wet land based on the collaborative computing method[J].Journal of Geo-information Science,18(5):690-698(in Chinese with English abstract).
WANG Jing,LU Shan-long,WU Bing-fang,YAN Na-na,PEILiang.2010.Land cover change in Baiyangdian Wetland[J].Journal of Geo-Information Science,12(2):292-300(in Chinese with English abstract).
WANG Kai-lin,ZHAO Kai,LI Hai-tao,ZHANG Bao-yun,LIWen-peng.2017.Study on wetland extraction based on the synthetic identification method in the Baiyangdian Wetland,Hebei Province[J].Geoscience,31(6):1294-1300(in Chinese with English abstract).
WANG Xiu-yan.2011.Study on relationship between surface water and groundwater of Baiyangdian Wetland System[D].Baoding:Agricultural University of Hebei(in Chinese with English abstract).
WANG Zhao-hua,WANG Zi-lu,QIAO Guang-jian.2011.Analysis of importance of Inter-Basin Water Diversion to restoration of ecological environment of Baiyangdian Lake[J].South-to-North Water Diversion and Water Science&Technology,9(3):138-141(in Chinese with English abstract).
XU Wei-hua,OUYANG Zhi-yun,IRISVAN D,ZHENG Hua,WANG Xiao-ke,MIAO Hong,CAO Quan-hu.2005.Reed land change and its relationship to water level in Baiyangdian Lake since 1987[J].Journal of Soil and Water Conservation,19(4):181-184,189(in Chinese with English abstract).
YANG Chun-xiao.2010.Analysis on the deposited quantity variation and its influenced in Baiyangdian[J].Ground Water,32(2):110-112(in Chinese with English abstract).
ZHANG Dong-jiang,HA Jian-qiang,SHI Hong-fei.2014.Analysis of variation of flow into Baiyangdian Lake[J].Water Resources Protection,30(1):43-47(in Chinese with English abstract).
ZHANG Gan-nian.2013.Research of the eco-compensation of water supplement for Baiyangdian Wetland[D].Nanjing:Nanjing University of Information Science&Technology(in Chinese with English abstract).
ZHANG Su-zhen,MA Jing,LI Bao-gui.2007.The ecological problems and sustainable development countermeasures of the Baiyangdian Wetland[J].South-to-North Water Transfers and Water Science&Technology,5(4):53-56(in Chinese with English abstract).
保定市水利局.2006.保定市水资源公报[R].保定:保定市水利局.
保定市水利局.2007.保定市水资源公报[R].保定:保定市水利局.
保定市水利局.2008.保定市水资源公报[R].保定:保定市水利局.
保定市水利局.2009.保定市水资源公报[R].保定:保定市水利局.
保定市水利局.2010.保定市水资源公报[R].保定:保定市水利局.
保定市水利局.2011.保定市水资源公报[R].保定:保定市水利局.
保定市水利局.2012.保定市水资源公报[R].保定:保定市水利局.
保定市水利局.2013.保定市水资源公报[R].保定:保定市水利局.
保定市水利局.2014.保定市水资源公报[R].保定:保定市水利局.
保定市水利局.2015.保定市水资源公报[R].保定:保定市水利局.
常利伟.2014.白洋淀湖群的演变研究[D].吉林:东北师范大学.
董娜.2009.白洋淀湿地生态干旱及两库联通补水分析[D].保定:河北农业大学.
董文君.2011.基于生态需水和生态水权分析的白洋淀湿地补水研究[D].南京:南京信息工程大学.
高彦春,王晗,龙笛.2009.白洋淀流域水文条件变化和面临的生态环境问题[J].资源科学,31(9):1506-1513.
高彦春,王金凤,封志明.2017.白洋淀流域气温、降水和径流变化特征及其相互响应关系[J].中国生态农业学报,25(4):467-477.
江波,肖洋,马文勇,欧阳志云.2016.1974—2011年白洋淀土地覆盖时空变化特征[J].湿地科学与管理,12(1):38-42.
林皓波,吴新玲,刘菲,边静.2012.白洋淀湿地资源的遥感监测[J].中南林业科技大学学报,32(4):127-130.
刘春兰,谢高地,肖玉.2007.气候变化对白洋淀湿地的影响[J].长江流域资源与环境,16(2):245-250.
刘建芝,魏建强.2007.白洋淀蒸发渗漏与补水量计算分析[J].水科学与工程技术,(1):15-16.
沈占锋,李均力,于新菊.2016.基于协同计算的白洋淀湿地时序水体信息提取[J].地球信息科学学报,18(5):690-698.
王朝华,王子璐,乔光建.2011.跨流域调水对恢复白洋淀生态环境重要性分析[J].南水北调与水利科技,9(3):138-141.
王京,卢善龙,吴炳方,闫娜娜,裴亮.2010.近40年来白洋淀湿地土地覆被变化分析[J].地球信息科学学报,12(2):292-300.
王凯霖,赵凯,李海涛,张宝匀,李文鹏.2017.基于综合识别方法的河北白洋淀湿地提取研究[J].现代地质,31(6):1294-1300.
王秀艳.2011.白洋淀湿地系统地表水和地下水相互关系的研究[D].保定:河北农业大学.
徐卫华,欧阳志云,IRISVAND,郑华,王效科,苗鸿,曹全虎.2005.白洋淀地区近16年芦苇湿地面积变化与水位的关系[J].水土保持学报,19(4):181-184,189.
杨春霄.2010.白洋淀入淀水量变化及影响因素分析[J].地下水,32(2):110-112.
张东江,哈建强,史洪飞.2014.白洋淀入淀流量变异程度分析[J].水资源保护,30(1):43-47.
张赶年.2013.白洋淀湿地补水的生态补偿研究[D].南京:南京信息工程大学.
张素珍,马静,李贵宝.2007.白洋淀湿地面临的生态问题及可持续发展对策[J].南水北调与水利科技,5(4):53-56.
BAO Yun,MA Guang-ren.2013.China Wetland Report[M].Beijing:China Forestry Publishing House(in Chinese).
Baoding Water Conservancy Bureau.2006.Baoding Water Resources Bulletin[R].Baoding:Baoding Water Conservancy Bureau(in Chinese).
Baoding Water Conservancy Bureau.2007.Baoding Water Resources Bulletin[R].Baoding:Baoding Water Conservancy Bureau(in Chinese).
Baoding Water Conservancy Bureau.2008.Baoding Water Resources Bulletin[R].Baoding:Baoding Water Conservancy Bureau(in Chinese).
Baoding Water Conservancy Bureau.2009.Baoding Water Resources Bulletin[R].Baoding:Baoding Water Conservancy Bureau(in Chinese).
Baoding Water Conservancy Bureau.2010.Baoding Water Resources Bulletin[R].Baoding:Baoding Water Conservancy Bureau(in Chinese).
Baoding Water Conservancy Bureau.2011.Baoding Water Resources Bulletin[R].Baoding:Baoding Water Conservancy Bureau(in Chinese).
Baoding Water Conservancy Bureau.2012.Baoding Water Resources Bulletin[R].Baoding:Baoding Water Conservancy Bureau(in Chinese).
Baoding Water Conservancy Bureau.2013.Baoding Water Resources Bulletin[R].Baoding:Baoding Water Conservancy Bureau(in Chinese).
Baoding Water Conservancy Bureau.2014.Baoding Water Resources Bulletin[R].Baoding:Baoding Water Conservancy Bureau(in Chinese).
Baoding Water Conservancy Bureau.2015.Baoding Water Resources Bulletin[R].Baoding:Baoding Water Conservancy Bureau(in Chinese).
CHANG Li-wei.2014.The evolution of Baiyangdian Lake group research[D].Jilin:Northeast Normal University(in Chinese with English abstract).
CUI B S,LI X,ZHANG K J.2010.Classification of hydrological conditions to assess water allocation schemes for Lake Baiyangdian in North China[J].Journal of Hydrology,385(1):247-256.
DONG Na.2009.Analysis of ecological drought and supplementing water to Baiyangdian Wetland from two reservoirs linking system[D].Baoding:Agricultural University of Hebei(in Chinese with English abstract).
DONG Wen-jun.2011.Research on Baiyangdian Wetland supplementing water based on the ecological water demand and ecological analysis of water rights[D].Nanjing:Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology(in Chinese with English abstract).
GAO Yan-chun,WANG Han,LONG Di.2009.Changes in hydrological conditions and the eco-environmental problems in Baiyangdian watershed[J].Resources Science,31(9):1506-1513(in Chinese with English abstract).
GAO Yan-chun,WANG Jin-feng,FENG Zhi-ming.2017.Variation trend and response relationship of temperature,precipitation and runoff in Baiyangdian Lake Basin[J].Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture,25(4):467-477(in Chinese with English abstract).
JIANG Bo,XIAO Yang,MA Wen-yong,OUYANG Zhi-yun.2016.Spatiotemporal Characteristics of the land cover change in Baiyangdian lake from 1974 to 2011[J].Wetland Science&Management,12(1):38-42(in Chinese with English abstract).
LIN Hao-bo,WU Xin-ling,LIU Fei,BIAN Jing.2012.Wetlandresources monitoring for Baiyangdian lake by remote sensing technology[J].Journal of Central South University of Forestry&Technology,32(4):127-130(in Chinese with English abstract).
LIU Chun-lan,XIE Gao-di,XIAO Yu.2007.Impact of climatic change on Baiyangdian Wetland[J].Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin,16(2):245-250(in Chinese with English abstract).
LIU Jian-zhi,WEI Jian-qiang.2007.Calculation and analysis of evaporation,infiltration and water supply[J].Water Sciences and Engineering Technology,(1):15-16(in Chinese with English abstract).
SHEN Zhan-feng,LI Jun-li,YU Xin-ju.2016.Water information extraction of Baiyangdian wet land based on the collaborative computing method[J].Journal of Geo-information Science,18(5):690-698(in Chinese with English abstract).
WANG Jing,LU Shan-long,WU Bing-fang,YAN Na-na,PEILiang.2010.Land cover change in Baiyangdian Wetland[J].Journal of Geo-Information Science,12(2):292-300(in Chinese with English abstract).
WANG Kai-lin,ZHAO Kai,LI Hai-tao,ZHANG Bao-yun,LIWen-peng.2017.Study on wetland extraction based on the synthetic identification method in the Baiyangdian Wetland,Hebei Province[J].Geoscience,31(6):1294-1300(in Chinese with English abstract).
WANG Xiu-yan.2011.Study on relationship between surface water and groundwater of Baiyangdian Wetland System[D].Baoding:Agricultural University of Hebei(in Chinese with English abstract).
WANG Zhao-hua,WANG Zi-lu,QIAO Guang-jian.2011.Analysis of importance of Inter-Basin Water Diversion to restoration of ecological environment of Baiyangdian Lake[J].South-to-North Water Diversion and Water Science&Technology,9(3):138-141(in Chinese with English abstract).
XU Wei-hua,OUYANG Zhi-yun,IRISVAN D,ZHENG Hua,WANG Xiao-ke,MIAO Hong,CAO Quan-hu.2005.Reed land change and its relationship to water level in Baiyangdian Lake since 1987[J].Journal of Soil and Water Conservation,19(4):181-184,189(in Chinese with English abstract).
YANG Chun-xiao.2010.Analysis on the deposited quantity variation and its influenced in Baiyangdian[J].Ground Water,32(2):110-112(in Chinese with English abstract).
ZHANG Dong-jiang,HA Jian-qiang,SHI Hong-fei.2014.Analysis of variation of flow into Baiyangdian Lake[J].Water Resources Protection,30(1):43-47(in Chinese with English abstract).
ZHANG Gan-nian.2013.Research of the eco-compensation of water supplement for Baiyangdian Wetland[D].Nanjing:Nanjing University of Information Science&Technology(in Chinese with English abstract).
ZHANG Su-zhen,MA Jing,LI Bao-gui.2007.The ecological problems and sustainable development countermeasures of the Baiyangdian Wetland[J].South-to-North Water Transfers and Water Science&Technology,5(4):53-56(in Chinese with English abstract).