履带式大豆联合收获机振动测试与分析
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摘要
为研究履带式大豆联合收获机在不同工况下的整机振动特性,以久保田4LZ-2. 5履带式联合收获机为研究对象,选取了收获机在发动机怠速空转、整机空转及田间收获作业等5种工作状态,利用DH5902动态信号采集分析系统对切割器、发动机及脱粒滚筒等6个振动较强的位置进行测试,获取其振动特性。试验结果表明:切割器左右运动、脱粒滚筒的旋转和振动筛的前后运动是引起联合收获机的主要因素;发动机和风机的运转是联合收获机振动的次要因素。联合收获机空载时,振动最强的位置是切割器,振幅有效值达到了31. 84m/s~2;田间收获时切割器附近振幅比空载时降低,其他测点振幅都不同程度增加,脱粒滚筒处振幅有效值最大,达到43. 74 m/s~2。发动机的运转对驾驶座垂直方向上的振动影响最强,需进一步优化驾驶座的减振系统。研究结果可为收获机减振设计、结构优化及各部件的模态分析提供参考。
In order to study the vibration characteristics of tracked soybean combine harvester under different working conditions,taking Kubota 4 LZ-2. 5 combine harvester as the research object,selecting five working states of the harvester,such as engine idling,machine idling,field harvesting and so on. Using DH5902 dynamic signal acquisition and analysis system to measure six vibrational positions such as cutter,engine,etc. The experimental results show that the movement of the cutter,the rotation of the threshing cylinder and the front and rear motion of the vibrating screen are the main factors that cause the combine harvester vibration. When the machine is idle,the strongest vibration is the cutter,and the amplitude effective value is 31. 84 m/s~2; when the harvester is working in the field,the amplitude near the cutter is lower than that at the time of carrying idler,the amplitudes of other measurements increased to varying degrees,the amplitude of threshing drum is the largest,reaching 43. 74 m/s~2. The engine operation has the strongest influence on the vertical vibration of the driver seat,so the vibration absorption system of the driver seat should be further optimized.The results can be used as reference for vibration absorption design,structural optimization and modal analysis of various components.
In order to study the vibration characteristics of tracked soybean combine harvester under different working conditions,taking Kubota 4 LZ-2. 5 combine harvester as the research object,selecting five working states of the harvester,such as engine idling,machine idling,field harvesting and so on. Using DH5902 dynamic signal acquisition and analysis system to measure six vibrational positions such as cutter,engine,etc. The experimental results show that the movement of the cutter,the rotation of the threshing cylinder and the front and rear motion of the vibrating screen are the main factors that cause the combine harvester vibration. When the machine is idle,the strongest vibration is the cutter,and the amplitude effective value is 31. 84 m/s~2; when the harvester is working in the field,the amplitude near the cutter is lower than that at the time of carrying idler,the amplitudes of other measurements increased to varying degrees,the amplitude of threshing drum is the largest,reaching 43. 74 m/s~2. The engine operation has the strongest influence on the vertical vibration of the driver seat,so the vibration absorption system of the driver seat should be further optimized.The results can be used as reference for vibration absorption design,structural optimization and modal analysis of various components.
引文
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[4]马桂香,陈殿云,王彦生.自走式谷物联合收割机的振动测试[J].现代机械,2008(2):59-61.
[5]徐立章,李耀明,孙朋朋,等.履带式全喂入水稻联合收获机振动测试与分析[J].农业工程学报,2014,30(8):49-55.
[6]姚艳春,杜岳峰,朱忠祥,等.基于模态的玉米收获机车架振动特性分析与优化[J].农业工程学报,2015,31(19):46-53.
[7]姚艳春,宋正河,杜岳峰,等.玉米收获机割台振动特性及其主要影响因素分析[J].农业工程学报,2017,33(13):40-49.
[8]高志朋,徐立章,李耀明,等.履带式稻麦联合收获机田间收获工况下振动测试与分析[J].农业工程学报,2017,33(20):48-55.
[9]蒋亚军,廖宜涛,秦川,等. 4SY-2. 9型油菜割晒机机架振动分析及改进[J].农业工程学报,2017,33(9):53-60.
[10]关卓怀,吴崇友,汤庆,等.联合收获机脱粒滚筒有限元模态分析与试验[J].农机化研究,2016,38(8):136-140.
[11]胡东方,王想到.基于有限元的玉米联合收获机底盘车架模态分析[J].农机化研究,2015,37(6):53-55.
[12]刘峥,王建昕,帅石金,等.汽车发动机原理[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2011.
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