南水北调中线水源地高水位蓄水水质变化及污染防治对策
|
摘要
丹江口水库水质是决定南水北调中线工程成效的关键性因素之一,大坝加高首次蓄至高水位必然影响水质。通过对丹江口水库库中4个典型断面及支流2个典型断面2017年全年逐月开展总氮(TN)、总磷(TP)和高锰酸盐指数(COD_(Mn))监测,并与2016年同期水质结果比较,分析大坝加高蓄水后水质变化情况,并从新增消落带污染物的贡献初步讨论蓄水后水质变化原因,最后针对消落带保护和管理提出污染防治对策。结果表明,丹库断面(陶岔和丹库中心)的水质略好于汉库断面(浪河口下和凉水河—台子山),从优到劣基本上为陶岔、丹库中心、凉水河—台子山和浪河口下;蓄水后库中和支流断面的TN、TP和COD_(Mn)等浓度均有不用程度的提高,库中浪河口下和支流断面表现尤为明显;与2016年同期相比,水库水体TN平均高出0.45倍,TP平均高出1.41倍,COD_(Mn)平均高出0.40倍。消落区土壤的"出露—淹没"和支流污染物的汇入可能是造成水库水体水质变差的重要原因。
Water quality is one of the key factors to determine the effect of the middle route of South to North Water Diversion Project.The total nitrogen(TN),total phosphorus(TP)and COD_(Mn)were monitored monthly of 4 typical sections and 2 tributaries typical sections for the Danjiangkou Reservoir in 2017,and compared with the water quality results of the same period in 2016.The reasons for water quality change after impounding are discussed,and Countermeasures for pollution prevention and control were put forward.The results show that the water quality of the section(Tao Cha and the Center of Danjiangkou Reservoir)is slightly better than that of the the Hanjiang Reservoir section(at the lower reaches of the Lang Hekou and the Liangshui river-the Tai Zi mountain).Compared with the same period in 2016,the average concentration of total nitrogen in the reservoir water is 0.45 times higher than that in the same period in 2016,the average of TP is 1.41 times higher and the average of the COD_(Mn)is 0.40 times higher.The pollutants leached from the soil of waterlevel fluctuation zone and the pollutants inflow from tributaries may be the main reasons for the deterioration of water quality in the reservoir.
Water quality is one of the key factors to determine the effect of the middle route of South to North Water Diversion Project.The total nitrogen(TN),total phosphorus(TP)and COD_(Mn)were monitored monthly of 4 typical sections and 2 tributaries typical sections for the Danjiangkou Reservoir in 2017,and compared with the water quality results of the same period in 2016.The reasons for water quality change after impounding are discussed,and Countermeasures for pollution prevention and control were put forward.The results show that the water quality of the section(Tao Cha and the Center of Danjiangkou Reservoir)is slightly better than that of the the Hanjiang Reservoir section(at the lower reaches of the Lang Hekou and the Liangshui river-the Tai Zi mountain).Compared with the same period in 2016,the average concentration of total nitrogen in the reservoir water is 0.45 times higher than that in the same period in 2016,the average of TP is 1.41 times higher and the average of the COD_(Mn)is 0.40 times higher.The pollutants leached from the soil of waterlevel fluctuation zone and the pollutants inflow from tributaries may be the main reasons for the deterioration of water quality in the reservoir.
引文
[1]张乐群,吴敏,万育生.南水北调中线水源地丹江口水库水质安全保障对策研究[J].中国水利,2018(1).
[2]曾祉祥,雷沛,张洪,等.丹江口水库典型消落区土壤氮磷赋存形态及释放特征研究[J].环境科学学报,2015(5).
[3]王书航,王雯雯,姜霞,等.丹江口水库水体氮的时空分布及入库通量[J].环境科学研究,2016(7).
[4]王文静,高鹏程,周明,等.丹江口水库近十年水质变化趋势分析[J].水利水电快报,2016(11).
[5]张博,王书航,姜霞,等.丹江口库区土地利用格局与水质响应关系[J].环境科学研究,2016(9).
[6]张煦,熊晶,程继雄,等.丹江口水库湖北库区水质分区及长期变化趋势[J].中国环境监测,2016(1).
[7]王剑,尹炜,赵晓琳,等.丹江口水库新增淹没区农田土壤潜在风险评估[J].中国环境科学,2015(1).
[8]赵丽,姜霞,王雯雯,等.丹江口水库表层沉积物不同形态氮的赋存特征及其生物有效性[J].长江流域资源与环境,2016(4).
[9]张晓玲,刘永,郭怀成.湖滨河口湿地中磷的输移转化机制及截留效应研究进展[J].环境科学学报,2016(2).
[10]Xianqiang Tang,Min Wu,Rui Li.Distribution,sedimentation,and bioavailability of particulate phosphorus in the mainstream of the Three Gorges Reservoir[J].Water research,2018,140.
[2]曾祉祥,雷沛,张洪,等.丹江口水库典型消落区土壤氮磷赋存形态及释放特征研究[J].环境科学学报,2015(5).
[3]王书航,王雯雯,姜霞,等.丹江口水库水体氮的时空分布及入库通量[J].环境科学研究,2016(7).
[4]王文静,高鹏程,周明,等.丹江口水库近十年水质变化趋势分析[J].水利水电快报,2016(11).
[5]张博,王书航,姜霞,等.丹江口库区土地利用格局与水质响应关系[J].环境科学研究,2016(9).
[6]张煦,熊晶,程继雄,等.丹江口水库湖北库区水质分区及长期变化趋势[J].中国环境监测,2016(1).
[7]王剑,尹炜,赵晓琳,等.丹江口水库新增淹没区农田土壤潜在风险评估[J].中国环境科学,2015(1).
[8]赵丽,姜霞,王雯雯,等.丹江口水库表层沉积物不同形态氮的赋存特征及其生物有效性[J].长江流域资源与环境,2016(4).
[9]张晓玲,刘永,郭怀成.湖滨河口湿地中磷的输移转化机制及截留效应研究进展[J].环境科学学报,2016(2).
[10]Xianqiang Tang,Min Wu,Rui Li.Distribution,sedimentation,and bioavailability of particulate phosphorus in the mainstream of the Three Gorges Reservoir[J].Water research,2018,140.