中国传统生命哲学与临终关怀的几点思考
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摘要
中国传统文化中儒家、道家、佛教的伦理思想,是中国传统哲学思想的主线,对于生死问题,其主要思想可依次概括为:关注今世,死而不朽;生死统一,死而不亡;生死轮回,死而不灭。总的来说,中国传统生命哲学尊重死亡的自然法则,但是重生讳死,极重生的延续。在临终关怀发展势头空前的趋势下,对中国传统生命哲学进行积极地探索,取长补短,从临终关怀的接受者的心理进行考察,有利于为临终关怀本土化所面临的融合困境提供新的思考方向。
The ethical thoughts of Confucianism, Taoism and Buddhism in traditional Chinese culture are the main line of traditional Chinese philosophy of life. For the issue of life and death, the main ideas can be summarized as follows: firstly, Confucianism pays attention to the present world and pursues living forever; secondly, Taoism believes that life and death are unified and life is immortal; thirdly, Buddhism deems that life and death are reincarnated without extinction. Generally speaking, traditional Chinese philosophy of life respects the natural law of death and values life. However, it has taboos on death and attaches great importance to the continuation of life. Under the trend of unprecedented development of hospice care, exploring the traditional Chinese philosophy of life, so as to learn from its strengths and make up for its weaknesses, and examining the psychology of hospice care recipients, will be conducive to provide a new thinking direction for the integration of dilemma faced by the localization of hospice care.
The ethical thoughts of Confucianism, Taoism and Buddhism in traditional Chinese culture are the main line of traditional Chinese philosophy of life. For the issue of life and death, the main ideas can be summarized as follows: firstly, Confucianism pays attention to the present world and pursues living forever; secondly, Taoism believes that life and death are unified and life is immortal; thirdly, Buddhism deems that life and death are reincarnated without extinction. Generally speaking, traditional Chinese philosophy of life respects the natural law of death and values life. However, it has taboos on death and attaches great importance to the continuation of life. Under the trend of unprecedented development of hospice care, exploring the traditional Chinese philosophy of life, so as to learn from its strengths and make up for its weaknesses, and examining the psychology of hospice care recipients, will be conducive to provide a new thinking direction for the integration of dilemma faced by the localization of hospice care.
引文
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[2] 黄玉顺.生存结构与心灵境界:面向21世纪的中国哲学[J].周易研究,2002(4):14-22.
[3] 郑晓江.穿透死亡[M].南昌:江西教育出版社,2000:4.
[4] 王蔚.中日接受外来文化之心理学考察[J].解放军外国语学院学报,2005,28(2):111-113.
[5] 丁建波.拷问生死:哲学视域中的生存意蕴[D].郑州:郑州大学,2005.