小增益闭环系统稳定性分析方法及其在含并网VSC电力系统中的应用
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摘要
该文首先采用小增益闭环系统模型描述并网电压源型变换器(voltage source converter,VSC)与交流电力系统间的动态交互特性,建立含并网VSC的交直流混联电力系统线性化模型,提出适用于分析并网VSC的小增益闭环系统稳定性分析方法。采用泰勒定理证明在一般情况下,并网VSC与交流电力系统间呈现弱动态交互特性,但是当并网VSC控制环节的开环模式与交流电力系统的开环模式接近时,其对应的闭环振荡模式将会在复平面上发生排斥现象,并在2个开环模式距离最近时达到排斥峰值。以含并网VSC的3机9节点电力系统为例,采用模式分析法和时域仿真法,验证VSC引起次同步振荡的机理分析过程,刻画能够保证系统稳定运行的VSC控制参数范围,展现小增益闭环系统稳定性分析方法在含并网VSC电力系统中应用的有效性和准确性。
The interaction between voltage source converter(VSC) and AC system was described by the model of small gain closed loop system in this paper, based on established AC/DC hybrid power system linearization model, a method of small gain closed loop system for stability analysis was proposed. The stability criterion was proved by Taylor's theorem and concluded that the closed-loop modes of small gain system will repulse strongly when the open-loop modes of sub-systems are close to each other and the biggest reputation will occur at the point that open-loop modes of sub-systems are equal in complex plane. Finally, the 3 machines and 9 nodes model power system connected with a VSC system was used to verify the process of theoretical analysis and show the applications in the area of sub-synchronous oscillation mechanism analysis and the setting of suitable control parameter by modal analysis and time domain simulation.
The interaction between voltage source converter(VSC) and AC system was described by the model of small gain closed loop system in this paper, based on established AC/DC hybrid power system linearization model, a method of small gain closed loop system for stability analysis was proposed. The stability criterion was proved by Taylor's theorem and concluded that the closed-loop modes of small gain system will repulse strongly when the open-loop modes of sub-systems are close to each other and the biggest reputation will occur at the point that open-loop modes of sub-systems are equal in complex plane. Finally, the 3 machines and 9 nodes model power system connected with a VSC system was used to verify the process of theoretical analysis and show the applications in the area of sub-synchronous oscillation mechanism analysis and the setting of suitable control parameter by modal analysis and time domain simulation.
引文
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[16]Huang Yunhui,Yuan Xiaoming,Hu Jiabing,et al.DC-bus voltage control stability affected by AC-bus voltage control in VSCs connected to weak AC grids[J].IEEEJournal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Power Electronics,2016,4(2):445-458.
[17]Kalcon G O,Adam G P,Anaya-Lara O,et al.Small-signal stability analysis of multi-terminal VSC-based DCtransmission systems[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,2012,27(4):1818-1830.
[18]Zhou Pian,Yuan Xiaoming,Hu Jiabing,et al.Stability of DC-link voltage as affected by phase locked loop in VSC when attached to weak grid[C]//2014 IEEE Power&Energy Society General Meeting.National Harbor,MD,USA:IEEE,2014:1-5.
[19]Zhang Lidong,Harnefors L,Nee H P.Modeling and control of VSC-HVDC links connected to island systems[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,2016,26(2):783-793.
[20]Bidadfar A,Nee H P,Zhang Lidong,et al.Power system stability analysis using feedback control system modeling including HVDC transmission links[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,2016,31(1):116-124.
[2]邱晓燕,沙熠,宁雪姣,等.大规模风电接入的智能电网多类型柔性负荷分级优化调度[J].高电压技术,2016,42(7):2084-2091.Qiu Xiaoyan,Sha Yi,Ning Xuejiao,et al.Hierarchical optimization of multi-type flexible load in smart grid with large-scale wind generation[J].High Voltage Engineering,2016,42(7):2084-2091(in Chinese).
[3]徐政.柔性直流输电系统[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2013.Xu Zheng.Flexible HVDC system[M].Beijing:China Machine Press,2013(in Chinese).
[4]汤广福.基于电压源换流器的高压直流输电技术[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2010.Tang Guangfu.HVDC system based on voltage source converter[M].Beijing:China Electric Power Press,2010(in Chinese).
[5]王成山,罗凤章,张天宇,等.城市电网智能化关键技术[J].高电压技术,2016,42(7):2017-2027.Wang Chengshan,Luo Fengzhang,Zhang Tianyu,et al.Review on key technologies of smart urban power network[J].High Voltage Engineering,2016,42(7):2017-2027(in Chinese).
[6]汤蕾,沈沉.大规模风电接入对电力系统暂态稳定性影响机理研究[J].电力科学与技术学报,2014,29(4):25-33.Tang Lei,Shen Chen.The impact of large-scale wind generation on power system transient stability[J].Journal of Electric Power Science and Technology,2014,29(4):25-33(in Chinese).
[7]徐政,裘鹏,黄莹,等.采用时域仿真的高压直流输电直流回路谐振特性分析[J].高电压技术,2010,36(1):44-53.Xu Zheng,Qiu Peng,Huang Ying,et al.HVDC system DC loop resonance analysis using time domain simulation[J].High Voltage Engineering,2010,36(1):44-53(in Chinese).
[8]郝巍,李兴源,金小明,等.多馈入直流系统中逆变站滤波器投切对谐波电流的影响[J].电网技术,2006,30(19):48-52.Hao Wei,Li Xingyuan,Jin Xiaoming,et al.Impacts of switching AC filters of inverter stations on harmonic currents in multi-infeed HVDC system[J].Power System Technology,2006,30(19):48-52(in Chinese).
[9]张鹏.交直流系统次同步振荡建模与机理分析[D].北京:华北电力大学,2014.Zhang Peng.Study on the modeling and mechanism analysis of subsynchronous oscillation in AC/DC power systems[D].Beijing:North China Electric Power University,2014(in Chinese).
[10]杨洁,刘开培,余俞,等.交流电网互联的双端柔性直流输电系统小信号建模[J].中国电机工程学报,2015,35(9):2177-2184(in Chinese).Yang Jie,Liu Kaipei,Yu Yu,et al.Small signal modeling for VSC-HVDC used in AC grid interconnection[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2015,35(9):2177-2184(in Chinese).
[11]Middlebrook R D.Input filter considerations in design and application of switching regulators[C]//IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting.Chicago,lllionios:IEEE,1976.
[12]Canay I M.A novel approach to the torsional interaction and electrical damping of the synchronous machine part I:theory[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Apparatus and Systems,1982,PAS-101(10):3630-3638.
[13]Harnefors L,Bongiorno M,Lundberg S.Input-admittance calculation and shaping for controlled voltage-source converters[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2007,54(6):3323-3334.
[14]Song Yujiao,Breitholtz C.Nyquist stability analysis of an AC-grid connected VSC-HVDC system using a distributed parameter DC cable model[J].IEEETransactions on Power Delivery,2016,31(2):898-907.
[15]程时杰,曹一家,江全元.电力系统次同步振荡的理论与方法[M].北京:科学出版社,2009.Cheng shijie,Cao yijia,Jiang Quanyuan.Theory and method of subsynchronous oscillation in power system[M].Beijing:Science Press,2009(in Chinese).
[16]Huang Yunhui,Yuan Xiaoming,Hu Jiabing,et al.DC-bus voltage control stability affected by AC-bus voltage control in VSCs connected to weak AC grids[J].IEEEJournal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Power Electronics,2016,4(2):445-458.
[17]Kalcon G O,Adam G P,Anaya-Lara O,et al.Small-signal stability analysis of multi-terminal VSC-based DCtransmission systems[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,2012,27(4):1818-1830.
[18]Zhou Pian,Yuan Xiaoming,Hu Jiabing,et al.Stability of DC-link voltage as affected by phase locked loop in VSC when attached to weak grid[C]//2014 IEEE Power&Energy Society General Meeting.National Harbor,MD,USA:IEEE,2014:1-5.
[19]Zhang Lidong,Harnefors L,Nee H P.Modeling and control of VSC-HVDC links connected to island systems[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,2016,26(2):783-793.
[20]Bidadfar A,Nee H P,Zhang Lidong,et al.Power system stability analysis using feedback control system modeling including HVDC transmission links[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,2016,31(1):116-124.