润滑方式对球轴承润滑性能影响的数值研究
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摘要
为合理选择高速球轴承润滑方案,优化润滑系统参数,针对SKF7210角接触球轴承建立了喷油润滑与环下润滑计算模型,基于VOF数值方法,研究了两种润滑方式下轴承内油气两相流场和内外环温度场。研究结果表明:相同工况下,环下润滑轴承内油气分布较喷油润滑更为均匀;转速增加两种润滑方式润滑效果均下降,但对环下润滑影响更大,当转速超过18kr/min时(Q=3L/min,F=5kN),环下润滑轴承内油体积分数将低于喷射润滑;供油量增加可改善润滑效果,尤其对环下润滑,当转速大于10kr/min时,环下润滑轴承内油体积分数相对喷油润滑将大幅提高;载荷增加会使轴承内油体积分数减小。结论:当转速和载荷较低时,可使用结构简单的喷油润滑;当转速和载荷较高时,使用环下润滑较为有利,但需保证供油量维持在较高水平。
In order to choose the lubrication scheme of high speed ball bearing reasonably,and optimize the lubrication system parameters,the calculation models of oil-jet lubrication and under-race lubrication for SKF7210 angular contact ball bearing were established. Based on the VOF method, the internal oil-gas two phase flow and the inner-outer ring temperature with the two different lubrication methods were studied. The results show that under the same working condition,the oil-gas distribution in the under-race lubrication bearing is more uniform than that of the oil-jet lubricating bearing. The lubrication effect of both lubrication modes decreases with the increase of rotating speed,and the effect on the under-race lubrication is greater. When the speed exceeds 18 kr/min(Q=3 L/min,F=5 kN),the oil volume fraction in the bearing of the under-race lubrication will be lower than that of the oil-jet lubrication. The increase of oil supply can improve the lubrication effect,especially for the under-race lubrication. When the speed is greater than 10 kr/min,the oil volume fraction in the bearing of under-race lubriction will be greatly improved relative to the oil-jet lubrication. Increasing the load will reduce the internal oil volume fraction of the bearing. Conclusion: when the speed and the load are low,a simple oil-jet lubrication can be used,when the speed and the load are high,it is advantageous to use the under-race lubrication,but the oil supply should be maintained at a high level.
In order to choose the lubrication scheme of high speed ball bearing reasonably,and optimize the lubrication system parameters,the calculation models of oil-jet lubrication and under-race lubrication for SKF7210 angular contact ball bearing were established. Based on the VOF method, the internal oil-gas two phase flow and the inner-outer ring temperature with the two different lubrication methods were studied. The results show that under the same working condition,the oil-gas distribution in the under-race lubrication bearing is more uniform than that of the oil-jet lubricating bearing. The lubrication effect of both lubrication modes decreases with the increase of rotating speed,and the effect on the under-race lubrication is greater. When the speed exceeds 18 kr/min(Q=3 L/min,F=5 kN),the oil volume fraction in the bearing of the under-race lubrication will be lower than that of the oil-jet lubrication. The increase of oil supply can improve the lubrication effect,especially for the under-race lubrication. When the speed is greater than 10 kr/min,the oil volume fraction in the bearing of under-race lubriction will be greatly improved relative to the oil-jet lubrication. Increasing the load will reduce the internal oil volume fraction of the bearing. Conclusion: when the speed and the load are low,a simple oil-jet lubrication can be used,when the speed and the load are high,it is advantageous to use the under-race lubrication,but the oil supply should be maintained at a high level.
引文
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[2]刘红彬,王海洋,张磊,等.高速滚动轴承喷油润滑油液穿透机理分析[J].航空动力学报,2016,31(7):1766-1776.
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[5] Wu W,Hu J,Yuan S. Numerical and Experimental Investigation of the Stratified Air-Oil Flow Inside Ball Bearings[J]. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer,2016,103:619-626.
[6] Wu W,Hu C,Hu J,et al. Jet Cooling Characteristics for Ball Bearings Using the VOF Multiphase Model[J].International Journal of Thermal Sciences,2017,116:150-158.
[7] Wu W,Hu C,Hu J,et al. Jet Cooling for Rolling Bearings:Flow Visualization and Temperature Distribution[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering,2016,105:217-224.
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[10]林基恕,张振波. 21世纪航空发动机动力传输系统的展望[J].航空动力学报,2001,16(2):108-114.
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[13] Schuller F T,Pinel S I,Signer H R. Effect of Two Inner-Ring Oil-Flow Distribution Schemes on the Operating Characteristics of a 35-Millimeter-Bore Ball Bearing to 2.5 Million DN[R]. NASA-TP-2404,1985.
[14] Schuller F T. Operating Characteristics of a ThreePiece-Inner-Ring Large-Bore Roller Bearing to Speeds of 3 Million DN[R]. NASA-TP-2355,1984.
[15] Singer H,Bamberger E N,Zaretsky E N. Parametric Study of the Lubrication of Thrust Loaded 120mm Bore Ball Bearings to 3 Million DN[R]. NASA-TM-X-68264,1973.
[16] Adeniyi A A,Morvan H P,Simmons K,et al. A Multiphase Computational Study of Oil-Air Flow Within the Bearing Sector of Aeroengines[C]. Montréal:Proceedings of ASME Turbo Expo 2015:Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition,2015:1-10.
[17] Adeniyi A A,Morvan H P,Simmons K,et al. A Computational Fluid Dynamic Simulation of Oil-Air Flow Between the Cage and Inner Race of an Aero-engine Bearing[J]. Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power,2017,139(1).
[18]何淼生,覃粒子,刘宇.环候型圆锥塞式喷管的水下流动分离特性[J].推进技术,2015,36(1):37-46.(HE Miao-sheng,QIN Li-zi,LIU Yu. Numerical Investigation of Flow Separation in an Annular Conical Aerospike Nozzle for Underwater Propulsion[J]. Journal of Propulsion Technology,2015,36(1):37-46.)
[19]朱卫兵,陈宏,黄舜.水下高速射流气泡变化过程数值研究[J].推进技术,2010,31(4):496-502.(ZHU Wei-bing,CHEN Hong,HUANG Shun. Numerical Study of the Process of the Evolution of Bubble of High-Speed Jet Underwater[J]. Journal of Propulsion Technology,2010,31(4):496-502.)
[20] Hirt C W,Nichols B D. Volume of Fluid Method for the Dynamics of Free Boundaries[J]. Journal of Computational Physics,1981,39(1):201-225.
[21] Harris T A,Kotzalaas R M. Rolling Bearing Analysis[M]. London:Taylor and Francis Press,2006.
[22]万长森.滚动轴承的分析方法[M].北京:机械工业出版社,1987.
[23]杨世铭,陶文铨.传热学[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2006.
[2]刘红彬,王海洋,张磊,等.高速滚动轴承喷油润滑油液穿透机理分析[J].航空动力学报,2016,31(7):1766-1776.
[3] Schuller F T,Signer H R. Performance of Jet-and Inner-Ring-Lubricated 35-Millimeter-Bore Ball Bearings Operating to 2.5 Million DN[R]. NASA-TP-1808,1981.
[4] Zaretsky E V,Bamberger E N,Signer H. Operating Limitations of High-Speed Jet-Lubricated Ball Bearing[R]. NASA-TM-X-71678,1975.
[5] Wu W,Hu J,Yuan S. Numerical and Experimental Investigation of the Stratified Air-Oil Flow Inside Ball Bearings[J]. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer,2016,103:619-626.
[6] Wu W,Hu C,Hu J,et al. Jet Cooling Characteristics for Ball Bearings Using the VOF Multiphase Model[J].International Journal of Thermal Sciences,2017,116:150-158.
[7] Wu W,Hu C,Hu J,et al. Jet Cooling for Rolling Bearings:Flow Visualization and Temperature Distribution[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering,2016,105:217-224.
[8] Hu J,Wu W,Wu M,et al. Numerical Investigation of the Air-Oil Two-Phase Flow Inside an Oil-Jet Lubricated Ball Bearing[J]. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer,2014,68:85-93.
[9]郑德志,古乐,王黎钦,等.润滑喷油参数对高速滚动轴承性能的影响[J].哈尔滨工业大学学报,2006,38:11-14.
[10]林基恕,张振波. 21世纪航空发动机动力传输系统的展望[J].航空动力学报,2001,16(2):108-114.
[11] Pang B T,Li J S,Liu H B,et al. A Simulation Study on Optimal Oil Spraying Mode for High-Speed Rolling Bearing[J]. Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering,2008,31(2):2333-2356.
[12] Zaretsky E V,Schuller F T. Lubrication and Performance of High-Speed Rolling-Element Bearings[R].NASA-TM-86958,1985.
[13] Schuller F T,Pinel S I,Signer H R. Effect of Two Inner-Ring Oil-Flow Distribution Schemes on the Operating Characteristics of a 35-Millimeter-Bore Ball Bearing to 2.5 Million DN[R]. NASA-TP-2404,1985.
[14] Schuller F T. Operating Characteristics of a ThreePiece-Inner-Ring Large-Bore Roller Bearing to Speeds of 3 Million DN[R]. NASA-TP-2355,1984.
[15] Singer H,Bamberger E N,Zaretsky E N. Parametric Study of the Lubrication of Thrust Loaded 120mm Bore Ball Bearings to 3 Million DN[R]. NASA-TM-X-68264,1973.
[16] Adeniyi A A,Morvan H P,Simmons K,et al. A Multiphase Computational Study of Oil-Air Flow Within the Bearing Sector of Aeroengines[C]. Montréal:Proceedings of ASME Turbo Expo 2015:Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition,2015:1-10.
[17] Adeniyi A A,Morvan H P,Simmons K,et al. A Computational Fluid Dynamic Simulation of Oil-Air Flow Between the Cage and Inner Race of an Aero-engine Bearing[J]. Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power,2017,139(1).
[18]何淼生,覃粒子,刘宇.环候型圆锥塞式喷管的水下流动分离特性[J].推进技术,2015,36(1):37-46.(HE Miao-sheng,QIN Li-zi,LIU Yu. Numerical Investigation of Flow Separation in an Annular Conical Aerospike Nozzle for Underwater Propulsion[J]. Journal of Propulsion Technology,2015,36(1):37-46.)
[19]朱卫兵,陈宏,黄舜.水下高速射流气泡变化过程数值研究[J].推进技术,2010,31(4):496-502.(ZHU Wei-bing,CHEN Hong,HUANG Shun. Numerical Study of the Process of the Evolution of Bubble of High-Speed Jet Underwater[J]. Journal of Propulsion Technology,2010,31(4):496-502.)
[20] Hirt C W,Nichols B D. Volume of Fluid Method for the Dynamics of Free Boundaries[J]. Journal of Computational Physics,1981,39(1):201-225.
[21] Harris T A,Kotzalaas R M. Rolling Bearing Analysis[M]. London:Taylor and Francis Press,2006.
[22]万长森.滚动轴承的分析方法[M].北京:机械工业出版社,1987.
[23]杨世铭,陶文铨.传热学[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2006.