脉冲MAG-TIG双电弧打底单面焊双面成形机制分析
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摘要
基于中厚板打底焊接存在着自动化程度及效率低的问题,采用脉冲熔化极气体保护焊-钨极氩弧焊(MAGTIG)双电弧热源焊接对板厚为24 mm的Q235-B进行打底焊接单面焊双面成形工艺研究及机制分析.结果表明,脉冲MAG-TIG双电弧热源打底焊接时,利用TIG电弧与MAG电弧间的电磁力来调节MAG电弧在熔池前端的加热位置,使得一部分电弧热量直接作用于钝边上;结合焊接电弧放电行为与熔池流动分析发现,打底成形稳定性最佳时,利用TIG电弧与熔池的剪切力使得液态金属向后方流动,熔池前端底部液态金属减少,易于平衡稳定,可获得熔透均匀、连续、稳定的打底焊缝背面成形.
Due to the low degree of automation and low production efficiency for back welding, the pulse MAGTIG twin-arc tandem root welding process on thick plate with24 mm was carried out, welding process and weld seam forming mechanism were investigated. The results indicated that TIG arc had regulation effect on MAG arc heat distribution when arc discharged. Combined with arc plasma behaviors and molten pool state, a result could be found that, when the bead back formation was optimum, TIG arc accelerated the weld pool to flow backwards. Thus the quantity of liquid metal was reduced at the bottom of the molten pool. At this condition,molten pool with balance stress and steady state was obtained,and a sound, uniform and stable surface appearance back weld was acquired.
Due to the low degree of automation and low production efficiency for back welding, the pulse MAGTIG twin-arc tandem root welding process on thick plate with24 mm was carried out, welding process and weld seam forming mechanism were investigated. The results indicated that TIG arc had regulation effect on MAG arc heat distribution when arc discharged. Combined with arc plasma behaviors and molten pool state, a result could be found that, when the bead back formation was optimum, TIG arc accelerated the weld pool to flow backwards. Thus the quantity of liquid metal was reduced at the bottom of the molten pool. At this condition,molten pool with balance stress and steady state was obtained,and a sound, uniform and stable surface appearance back weld was acquired.
引文
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[17]陈姬,宗然,武传松,等.TIG-MIG复合焊电弧间相互作用对焊接过程的影响[J].机械工程学报,2016,52(6):59-64.Chen Ji,Zong Ran,Wu Chuansong,et al.Influence of arcs interaction on TIG-MIG hybrid welding process[J].Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2016,52(6):59-64.
[18]Miao Y G,Xu X F,Wu B T,et al.Effects of bypass current on the stability of weld pool during double sided arc welding[J].Journal of Materials Processing Technology,2014,214(8):1590-1596.
[19]杜淼,吕晓春,王猛,等.P-TIG横焊根部焊道单面焊双面成形影响因素[J].焊接学报,2016,37(6):109-113.Du Miao,LüXiaochun,Wang Meng,et al.Investigation on oneside welding with back free formation of back weld in horizontal P-TIG[J].Transactions of the China Welding Institution,2016,37(6):109-113.
[2]刘殿宝,张广军,吴林.大厚板双面双TIG电弧打底焊熔池成形特性[J].焊接学报,2012,33(3):37-40.Liu Dianbao,Zhang Guangjun,Wu Lin.Characteristics of poolformation in backing weld for large and thick plates using doubleside double TIG arc welding[J].Transactions of the China Welding Institution,2012,33(3):37-40.
[3]Sugitani Y,Mao W.Automatic simultaneous control of bead height and back bead shape utilizing arc sensor in semi-automatic MAG welding with backing plate[J].Quarterly Journal of the Japan Welding Society,1994,12(4):468-476.
[4]Yamane S,Yamamoto H,Ishihara T,et al.Adaptive control of back bead in V groove welding without backing plate[J].Science and Technology of Welding and Joining,2004,9(2):138-148.
[5]Yamane S,Yamamoto H,Kaneko Y,et al.Sensing and seam tracking of welding line in backingless V groove welding[J].Science and Technology of Welding and Joining,2006,11(5):586-592.
[6]Yamane S,Uji K,Nakajima T,et al.Application of switch back welding to V groove MAG welding[J].Welding International,2015,29(2):103-109.
[7]Yang C D,Zhong J Y,Chen Y X,et al.The realization of no back chipping for thick plate welding[J].International Journal of Advanced Manufacture and Technology,2014,74(1):79-88.
[8]Zhang H J,Zhang G J,Cai C B,et al.Fundamental studies on inprocess controlling angular distortion in asymmetrical doublesided double arc welding[J].Journal of Materials Processing Technology,2008,205(1):214-223.
[9]孙茂龄,宋昌洪,吉荣亮,等.TIG-MIG复合焊研究现状与展望[J].焊接,2016(12):33-36.Sun Maoling,Song Changhong,Ji Rongliang,et al.Research status and perspective of TIG-MIG hybrid welding[J].Welding&Joining,2016(12):33-36.
[10]Li K H,Zhang Y M.Consumable double electrode GMAW partⅠ:the process[J].Welding Journal,2008,87(1):11s-17s.
[11]Kanemaru S,Sasaki T,Sato T,et al.Study for TIG-MIG hybrid welding process[J].Welding in the World,2014,58(1):11-18.
[12]Meng X M,Qin G L,Zhang Y Q,et al.High speed TIG-MAGhybrid arc welding of mild steel plate[J].Journal of Materials Processing Technology,2014,214(11):2417-2424.
[13]杨涛,张生虎,高洪明,等.TIG-MIG复合焊电弧特性机理分析[J].焊接学报,2012,33(7):25-28.Yang Tao,Zhang Shenghu,Gao Hongming,et al.Analysis of mechanism for TIG-MIG hybrid arc properties[J].Transactions of the China Welding Institution,2012,33(7):25-28.
[14]周方明,于治水,王宇,等.TIG-MIG双面对称焊焊缝成形机理研究[J].机械工程学报,2004,40(4):58-61.Zhou Fangming,Yu Zhishui,Wang Yu,et al.Study on shaping mechanism of weld for TIG-MIG double-sided symmetrical arc welding[J].Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2004,40(4):58-61.
[15]彭远江,马崇山.手工电弧焊单面焊双面成形的机理及成形控制的探讨[J].焊接技术,1989,18(5):37-41.Peng Yuanjiang,Ma Chongshan.Discussion on the mechanism and forming control of single side welding of manual arc welding[J].Welding Technology,1989,18(5):37-41.
[16]杨东青,李大用,张广军.坡口预留间隙对高强度钢厚板打底焊缝成形的影响[J].焊接学报,2015,36(11):57-60.Yang Dongqing,Li Dayong,Zhang Guangjun.Effect of reserved groove gap on backing welding of high-strength steel thick plates[J].Transactions of the China Welding Institution,2015,36(11):57-60.
[17]陈姬,宗然,武传松,等.TIG-MIG复合焊电弧间相互作用对焊接过程的影响[J].机械工程学报,2016,52(6):59-64.Chen Ji,Zong Ran,Wu Chuansong,et al.Influence of arcs interaction on TIG-MIG hybrid welding process[J].Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2016,52(6):59-64.
[18]Miao Y G,Xu X F,Wu B T,et al.Effects of bypass current on the stability of weld pool during double sided arc welding[J].Journal of Materials Processing Technology,2014,214(8):1590-1596.
[19]杜淼,吕晓春,王猛,等.P-TIG横焊根部焊道单面焊双面成形影响因素[J].焊接学报,2016,37(6):109-113.Du Miao,LüXiaochun,Wang Meng,et al.Investigation on oneside welding with back free formation of back weld in horizontal P-TIG[J].Transactions of the China Welding Institution,2016,37(6):109-113.
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