表面活性剂CTAC和双氧水联用改善污泥脱水效果研究
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摘要
通过对比调理前后污泥的泥饼含水率、污泥比阻、沉降(气浮)性能、上清液中蛋白质和多糖质量比、污泥絮体形态及污泥絮体粒径等指标,考察了表面活性剂十六烷基三甲基氯化铵(CTAC)和双氧水(H2O2)联用对改善污泥脱水效果的影响,并进行了机理分析。结果表明,两者联用时,以先投加73.29 mg/g TS CTAC后投加1 m L/L H2O2的效果最好,氧化时间为1 h。此时,泥饼含水率和污泥比阻比单独投加CTAC或H2O2时进一步降低。与其他处理方式相比,两种药剂联用时上清液中蛋白质和多糖质量比最高,表明两者在剥离和释放EPS上具有协同作用,能促进污泥絮体的间隙水和胞内水的释放。通过粒径分析发现,联用时污泥粒径更小,表明H2O2能破碎污泥絮体,释放污泥微生物细胞内物质。通过扫描电镜发现,两者联用时污泥絮体破碎,絮体间形成很多排水通道,有利于水的排出。
This paper is to introduce a way to enhance the sludge dewatering pretreatment due to the combination of surfactant cetyltrimethyl ammonium chloride( CTAC) with the hydrogen peroxide( H_2O_2). For this purpose,we have chosen the mud cake moisture content and its specific resistance( SRF) as indicators for the sludge dewatering need. As is known,to analyze the mechanism for improving the sludge dewatering of the two chemicals by putting together,it is also necessary to analyze the effects of the different conditioning methods on the following indicators,such as their sludge settling property( or air floating performance),the protein and polysaccharide content in the supernatant,the floc morphology and the floc size. It is necessary to analyze the effects of the different p H values,the CTAC dosages and H_2O_2 dosages on the dewatering performance of the sludge by controlling the test variables. What is said above can help us to get the optimum conditions for the combined treatment of the sludge:the initial p H = 3,the first adding CTAC 73. 29 mg/g TS,the uniform stirring so as to let them react with each other for some while,and,then,adding H_2O_21 m L/L to the sludge to let it oxidize for one hour,and,eventually let the moisture content and the SRF of sludge get further reduced. As compared with adding CTAC alone,it would be possible for the moisture content of the cake to get reduced by about 9. 86%,with SRF decreased by39. 87%. Through the above tests,it has been found that the supernatant of the combined treatment may gain the highest protein and polysaccharide content rate as compared with other treating ways used. This implies that there may be a synergistic effect in stripping the EPS so as to promote the release of the interstitial and intracellular water content of the sludge flocs. Besides,the particle size analysis also suggests that the particle sizes of sludge should be smaller in the combined treatment,which means that H_2O_2 can make the surface of sludge flocs broken and release the microbial substances in the sludge. Furthermore,the surface of the floc tends to be more broken with lots of voids. Moreover,the H_2O_2 in the sludge can directly act on the surface of the sludge flocs when the EPS is solubilized by the surfactant so as to form lots of drainage channels,which is beneficial to the water discharge.
This paper is to introduce a way to enhance the sludge dewatering pretreatment due to the combination of surfactant cetyltrimethyl ammonium chloride( CTAC) with the hydrogen peroxide( H_2O_2). For this purpose,we have chosen the mud cake moisture content and its specific resistance( SRF) as indicators for the sludge dewatering need. As is known,to analyze the mechanism for improving the sludge dewatering of the two chemicals by putting together,it is also necessary to analyze the effects of the different conditioning methods on the following indicators,such as their sludge settling property( or air floating performance),the protein and polysaccharide content in the supernatant,the floc morphology and the floc size. It is necessary to analyze the effects of the different p H values,the CTAC dosages and H_2O_2 dosages on the dewatering performance of the sludge by controlling the test variables. What is said above can help us to get the optimum conditions for the combined treatment of the sludge:the initial p H = 3,the first adding CTAC 73. 29 mg/g TS,the uniform stirring so as to let them react with each other for some while,and,then,adding H_2O_21 m L/L to the sludge to let it oxidize for one hour,and,eventually let the moisture content and the SRF of sludge get further reduced. As compared with adding CTAC alone,it would be possible for the moisture content of the cake to get reduced by about 9. 86%,with SRF decreased by39. 87%. Through the above tests,it has been found that the supernatant of the combined treatment may gain the highest protein and polysaccharide content rate as compared with other treating ways used. This implies that there may be a synergistic effect in stripping the EPS so as to promote the release of the interstitial and intracellular water content of the sludge flocs. Besides,the particle size analysis also suggests that the particle sizes of sludge should be smaller in the combined treatment,which means that H_2O_2 can make the surface of sludge flocs broken and release the microbial substances in the sludge. Furthermore,the surface of the floc tends to be more broken with lots of voids. Moreover,the H_2O_2 in the sludge can directly act on the surface of the sludge flocs when the EPS is solubilized by the surfactant so as to form lots of drainage channels,which is beneficial to the water discharge.
引文
[1]RAS M,GIRBAL-NEUHAUSER E,PAUL E,et al.Protein extraction from activated sludge:an analytical approach[J].Water Research,2008,42(8):1867-1878.
[2]XING Li(邢丽).Preparation of microbial flocculant with dairy wastewater and its research for sludge dewatering(以乳品废水制备微生物絮凝剂及其用于污泥脱水的研究)[D].Hohehot:Inner Mongolia University of Technology,2016.
[3]YU G H,HE P J,SHAO L M,et al.Stratification structure of sludge flocs with implications to dewaterability[J].Environmental Science&Technology,2008,42(21):7944-7949.
[4]KANG S M,KISHIMOTO M,SHIOYAS,et al.Dewatering characteristics of activated sludges and effect of extracellular polymer[J].Journal of Fermentation&Bioengineering,1989,68(2):117-122.
[5]LASPIDOU C S,RITTMANN B E.A unified theory for extracellular polymeric substances,soluble microbial products,and active and inert biomass[J].Water Research,2002,36(11):2711-2720.
[6]JIN B,WILEN B M,LANT P.Impacts of morphological,physical and chemical properties of sludge flocs ondewaterability of activated sludge[J].Chemical Engineering Journal,2004,98(1):115-126.
[7]LU Wen(鹿雯),ZHANG Dengfeng(张登峰),HU Kailin(胡开林),et al.Effect and mechanism of cationic surfactants on sludge dewaterablity[J].Environmental Chemistry(环境化学),2008,27(4):444-448.
[8]YUAN H P,ZHU N W,SONG F Y.Dewaterability characteristics of sludge conditioned with surfactants pretreatment by electrolysis[J].Bioresource Technology,2011,102(3):2308-2315.
[9]ZHEN Guangyin(甄广印),ZHOU Haiyan(周海燕),SONG Yu(宋玉),et al.Influence of combination sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate(SDBS)and akaline pretreatment on sludge dewaterability[J].Environmental Chemistry(环境化学),2010,29(6):1106-1110.
[10]L Wenjie(吕文杰),HU Yaofeng(胡耀峰),ZHAN Bicai(詹必才),et al.Study on mechanism of surfactant influencing on sludge dewatering performance:molecular dynamics simulations of the interaction between Gemini surfactant and polyelectrolyte[J].Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica(物理化学学报),2014,30(5):811-820.
[11]JIANG Bo(蒋波).Research on the effect and mechanism of cationic surfactants on the dewaterability of activated sludge(阳离子型表面活性剂对活性污泥脱水性能的影响及作用机理研究)[D].Shanghai:Shanghai Jiao Tong University,2007.
[12]YU Wenhua(于文华),PU Wenhong(濮文虹),SHI Yafei(时亚飞),et al.Effect of cationic surfactants and lime joint action on the dewaterability of sewage sludge[J].Environmental Chemistry(环境化学),2013,32(9):1785-1791.
[13]LI Haisong(李海松),WEN Yue(闻岳),CAO Asheng(曹阿生),et al.Research progress of the influence of extracellular polymeric substances on the flocculation properties of activated sludge[J].Environmental Pollution&Control(环境污染与防治),2012,34(7):64-69,89.
[14]SHI Zhou(施周),DAI Huiqi(戴慧奇),LUO Lu(罗璐),et al.Optimization of the sludge dewaterability via lysozyme integrated with aluminum sulfate[J].Journal of Safety and Environment(安全与环境学报),2017,17(4):1392-1397.
[15]LU M C,LIN C J,LIAOC H,et al.Influence of p H on the dewatering of activated sludge by Fenton's reagent[J].Water Science&Technology,2001,44(10):327-332.
[16]CHEN Xiaolong(陈小龙).Study on enhancement of sludge dewaterability based with chemical cell lysis(基于化学溶胞技术改善污泥脱水性能的试验研究)[D].Changsha:Hunan University,2014.
[17]GAO Binjie(高斌杰),KE Shuizhou(柯水洲).Enhancement of sludge dewaterability with combined hydrogen peroxide and aluminum sulfate[J].Environmental Engineering(环境工程),2017,35(8):62-66,107.
[18]HU Mengyao(胡梦瑶),PENG Mao(彭毛),WU Hui(吴辉),et al.Spectroscopic investigation of the interaction between CTAB and protein[J].Chinese Journal of Colloid&Polymer(胶体与聚合物),2009,27(3):33-36,44.
[19]XING Yi(邢奕),WANG Zhiqiang(王志强),HONG Chen(洪晨),et al.Influence of extracellular polymeric substances on sludge dewaterability and bound water content at various p H values[J].Chinese Journal of Engineering(工程科学学报),2015,37(10):1387-1395
[20]ZHOU Jun(周俊),ZHOU Lixiang(周立祥),WONG Woochung(黄焕忠).Optimization of extracellular polymeric substance extraction method and its role in the dewaterability of sludge[J].Environmental Science(环境科学),2013,34(7):2752-2757.
[21]HONG Chen(洪晨),XING Yi(邢奕),WANG Zhiqiang(王志强),et al.Influence of surfactant conditioning on sludge dewaterability in various p H value[J].Journal of Zhejiang University:Engineering Science(浙江大学学报:工学版),2014,48(5):850-857,870.
[22]TANG Liansheng(汤连生),LUO Zhengui(罗珍贵),ZHANG Longjian(张龙舰),et al.Research status and new views of sludge dewatering[J].Technology of Water Treatment(水处理技术),2016,42(6):12-17.
[2]XING Li(邢丽).Preparation of microbial flocculant with dairy wastewater and its research for sludge dewatering(以乳品废水制备微生物絮凝剂及其用于污泥脱水的研究)[D].Hohehot:Inner Mongolia University of Technology,2016.
[3]YU G H,HE P J,SHAO L M,et al.Stratification structure of sludge flocs with implications to dewaterability[J].Environmental Science&Technology,2008,42(21):7944-7949.
[4]KANG S M,KISHIMOTO M,SHIOYAS,et al.Dewatering characteristics of activated sludges and effect of extracellular polymer[J].Journal of Fermentation&Bioengineering,1989,68(2):117-122.
[5]LASPIDOU C S,RITTMANN B E.A unified theory for extracellular polymeric substances,soluble microbial products,and active and inert biomass[J].Water Research,2002,36(11):2711-2720.
[6]JIN B,WILEN B M,LANT P.Impacts of morphological,physical and chemical properties of sludge flocs ondewaterability of activated sludge[J].Chemical Engineering Journal,2004,98(1):115-126.
[7]LU Wen(鹿雯),ZHANG Dengfeng(张登峰),HU Kailin(胡开林),et al.Effect and mechanism of cationic surfactants on sludge dewaterablity[J].Environmental Chemistry(环境化学),2008,27(4):444-448.
[8]YUAN H P,ZHU N W,SONG F Y.Dewaterability characteristics of sludge conditioned with surfactants pretreatment by electrolysis[J].Bioresource Technology,2011,102(3):2308-2315.
[9]ZHEN Guangyin(甄广印),ZHOU Haiyan(周海燕),SONG Yu(宋玉),et al.Influence of combination sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate(SDBS)and akaline pretreatment on sludge dewaterability[J].Environmental Chemistry(环境化学),2010,29(6):1106-1110.
[10]L Wenjie(吕文杰),HU Yaofeng(胡耀峰),ZHAN Bicai(詹必才),et al.Study on mechanism of surfactant influencing on sludge dewatering performance:molecular dynamics simulations of the interaction between Gemini surfactant and polyelectrolyte[J].Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica(物理化学学报),2014,30(5):811-820.
[11]JIANG Bo(蒋波).Research on the effect and mechanism of cationic surfactants on the dewaterability of activated sludge(阳离子型表面活性剂对活性污泥脱水性能的影响及作用机理研究)[D].Shanghai:Shanghai Jiao Tong University,2007.
[12]YU Wenhua(于文华),PU Wenhong(濮文虹),SHI Yafei(时亚飞),et al.Effect of cationic surfactants and lime joint action on the dewaterability of sewage sludge[J].Environmental Chemistry(环境化学),2013,32(9):1785-1791.
[13]LI Haisong(李海松),WEN Yue(闻岳),CAO Asheng(曹阿生),et al.Research progress of the influence of extracellular polymeric substances on the flocculation properties of activated sludge[J].Environmental Pollution&Control(环境污染与防治),2012,34(7):64-69,89.
[14]SHI Zhou(施周),DAI Huiqi(戴慧奇),LUO Lu(罗璐),et al.Optimization of the sludge dewaterability via lysozyme integrated with aluminum sulfate[J].Journal of Safety and Environment(安全与环境学报),2017,17(4):1392-1397.
[15]LU M C,LIN C J,LIAOC H,et al.Influence of p H on the dewatering of activated sludge by Fenton's reagent[J].Water Science&Technology,2001,44(10):327-332.
[16]CHEN Xiaolong(陈小龙).Study on enhancement of sludge dewaterability based with chemical cell lysis(基于化学溶胞技术改善污泥脱水性能的试验研究)[D].Changsha:Hunan University,2014.
[17]GAO Binjie(高斌杰),KE Shuizhou(柯水洲).Enhancement of sludge dewaterability with combined hydrogen peroxide and aluminum sulfate[J].Environmental Engineering(环境工程),2017,35(8):62-66,107.
[18]HU Mengyao(胡梦瑶),PENG Mao(彭毛),WU Hui(吴辉),et al.Spectroscopic investigation of the interaction between CTAB and protein[J].Chinese Journal of Colloid&Polymer(胶体与聚合物),2009,27(3):33-36,44.
[19]XING Yi(邢奕),WANG Zhiqiang(王志强),HONG Chen(洪晨),et al.Influence of extracellular polymeric substances on sludge dewaterability and bound water content at various p H values[J].Chinese Journal of Engineering(工程科学学报),2015,37(10):1387-1395
[20]ZHOU Jun(周俊),ZHOU Lixiang(周立祥),WONG Woochung(黄焕忠).Optimization of extracellular polymeric substance extraction method and its role in the dewaterability of sludge[J].Environmental Science(环境科学),2013,34(7):2752-2757.
[21]HONG Chen(洪晨),XING Yi(邢奕),WANG Zhiqiang(王志强),et al.Influence of surfactant conditioning on sludge dewaterability in various p H value[J].Journal of Zhejiang University:Engineering Science(浙江大学学报:工学版),2014,48(5):850-857,870.
[22]TANG Liansheng(汤连生),LUO Zhengui(罗珍贵),ZHANG Longjian(张龙舰),et al.Research status and new views of sludge dewatering[J].Technology of Water Treatment(水处理技术),2016,42(6):12-17.