砂岩储层中自生高岭石的成因与演化
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摘要
从储层演化的角度来说,高岭石是砂岩储层中最常见的自生黏土矿物之一,储层中的自生高岭石是酸性流体与长石等铝硅酸盐矿物反应的结果。本文通过薄片鉴定分析高岭石镜下特征,研究文献得出形成高岭石的酸性流体主要包括下渗的富CO2大气水,地层温度超过120℃后,孔隙流体逐渐转变为碱性,高岭石向伊利石转化。进入中晚成岩阶段,在偏碱性的环境下,高岭石就会向绿泥石转化。自生高岭石含量与储层物性之间具有较好的相关性,成岩场中,高岭石的迁移与沉淀对储层产生了不同的影响。自生高岭石含量较高,具有更好的成岩和次生孔隙形成条件,而且,油气侵位产生的惰性环境,往往有利于高岭石的保存。
From the point of view of reservoir evolution, kaolinite is one of the most common authigenic clay minerals in sandstone reservoirs, the authigenic kaolinite is the product from the reaction between acidic fluid in the reservoir with aluminum silicate minerals. In this article, microscopic characteristics of authigenic kaolinite were analyzed by thin section identification. Through looking up the literatures, it's pointed out that the acidic fluid for forming authigenic kaolinite was mainly atmospheric water with rich CO2. When formation temperature was over 120 ℃, pore fluid gradually transformed into alkalinity, montmorillonite transformed to illite. In the middle diagenetic stage, under an alkaline environment, kaolinite transformed to chlorite. Authigenic kaolinite content has a good correlation with reservoir physical property, the migration and precipitation of kaolinite have different influence to the reservoir. The higher the authigenic kaolinite content, the better the diagenesis and secondary pore forming conditions. Moreover, hydrocarbon emplacement of inert environment is conducive to the preservation of kaolinite.
From the point of view of reservoir evolution, kaolinite is one of the most common authigenic clay minerals in sandstone reservoirs, the authigenic kaolinite is the product from the reaction between acidic fluid in the reservoir with aluminum silicate minerals. In this article, microscopic characteristics of authigenic kaolinite were analyzed by thin section identification. Through looking up the literatures, it's pointed out that the acidic fluid for forming authigenic kaolinite was mainly atmospheric water with rich CO2. When formation temperature was over 120 ℃, pore fluid gradually transformed into alkalinity, montmorillonite transformed to illite. In the middle diagenetic stage, under an alkaline environment, kaolinite transformed to chlorite. Authigenic kaolinite content has a good correlation with reservoir physical property, the migration and precipitation of kaolinite have different influence to the reservoir. The higher the authigenic kaolinite content, the better the diagenesis and secondary pore forming conditions. Moreover, hydrocarbon emplacement of inert environment is conducive to the preservation of kaolinite.
引文
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[6]邵淑骁,曾溅辉,张善文,宋国奇,孟伟.东营凹陷沙河街组砂岩储层高岭石类型、特征及其成因[J].沉积学报,2015:1204-16.
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[8]田建锋,高永利,张蓬勃,王秀娟,杨友运.鄂尔多斯盆地合水地区长7致密油储层伊利石成因[J].石油与天然气地质,2013:700-7.
[9]王自剑,刘树根,冉波,李智武,叶玥豪.川北上三叠统须家河组砾岩物源的多源性探讨:来自阴极发光的约束[J].矿物岩石,2015:109-20.
[2]陈刚,林良彪,王威,陈洪德,郭彤楼.元坝地区须家河组砂岩成岩作用与孔隙演化[J].石油实验地质,2014:405-10
[3]陈鑫,钟建华,袁静,聂可可,杨玉平.渤南洼陷古近系高岭石发育特征及转化机理[J].石油勘探与开发,2009:456-62.
[4]黄可可,黄思静,佟宏鹏,刘丽红.长石溶解过程的热力学计算及其在碎屑岩储层研究中的意义[J].地质通报,2009:474-82.
[5]鲁新川,张顺存,蔡冬梅,史基安.准噶尔盆地车拐地区三叠系成岩作用与孔隙演化[J].沉积学报,2012:1123-9.
[6]邵淑骁,曾溅辉,张善文,宋国奇,孟伟.东营凹陷沙河街组砂岩储层高岭石类型、特征及其成因[J].沉积学报,2015:1204-16.
[7]时建超,孙卫,张创,莫建武,丁磊,张奉.储层沉积-成岩作用的物性响应特征[J].陕西师范大学学报(自然科学版),2013:88-93.
[8]田建锋,高永利,张蓬勃,王秀娟,杨友运.鄂尔多斯盆地合水地区长7致密油储层伊利石成因[J].石油与天然气地质,2013:700-7.
[9]王自剑,刘树根,冉波,李智武,叶玥豪.川北上三叠统须家河组砾岩物源的多源性探讨:来自阴极发光的约束[J].矿物岩石,2015:109-20.
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