滤嘴参数对细支烟主流烟气pH和感官质量的影响
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摘要
为研究滤嘴参数对细支烟主流烟气pH和感官质量的影响,制备了不同丝束规格、不同滤棒压降、不同滤嘴通风度相互搭配的60个细支烟样品并对主流烟气pH和感官质量进行了分析。结果表明:①丝束规格对细支烟主流烟气pH和感官质量均没有显著性影响。②随滤棒压降升高,主流烟气pH呈增加趋势。对于同一丝束规格细支烟,随滤嘴通风度增大,主流烟气pH呈增加趋势;对于不同丝束规格细支烟,随单旦增加,主流烟气pH总体呈降低趋势。③感官评价得分随滤棒压降升高呈降低的趋势。丝束规格为6.7Y/17 000的细支烟,感官评价得分随滤嘴通风度的增加逐渐降低;其他4种丝束规格细支烟,在所有适宜的滤棒压降范围内,感官评价得分随滤嘴通风度的增加均呈先增加后降低的趋势。④相关性分析表明,滤棒压降与主流烟气pH显著正相关,而与感官评价得分显著负相关;滤嘴通风度与主流烟气pH极显著正相关,与感官评价得分负相关但没有达到显著性水平,与感官评价指标中的香气极显著负相关,与刺激性极显著正相关。
In order to study the influences of filter parameters on the mainstream smoke pH and sensory quality of slim cigarettes, 60 slim cigarettes with different tow specifications, different filter rod pressure drops and different filter ventilation rates were prepared, and their mainstream smoke pH and sensory quality were analyzed. The results showed that: 1) Tow specification had no significant influence on both mainstream smoke pH and sensory quality. 2) Mainstream smoke pH increased with the increase of pressure drop of filter rod. For the slim cigarettes with the same tow specifications, the mainstream smoke pH increased with the increase of filter ventilation rate; for the slim cigarettes with different tow specifications, the mainstream smoke pH presented a decrease trend with the increase of denier per filament. 3) The score of sensory evaluation decreased with the increase of pressure drop of filter rod. The scores of sensory evaluation of slim cigarettes with tow specifications of 6.7 Y/17 000 decreased gradually with the increase of filter ventilation rate, and those of the slim cigarettes with the other four tow specifications in the suitable pressure drop range of filter rod increased first and then decreased with the increase of filter ventilation rate. 4) Correlation analysis indicated that the pressure drop of filter rods significantly positively correlated to the mainstream smoke pH, while significantly negatively correlated to the sensory evaluation score. Filter ventilation rate extremely significantly positively correlated to the mainstream smoke pH. No statistically significant correlation with sensory evaluation score was found. Filter ventilation rate extremely significantly negatively correlated to aroma, while extremely significantly positively correlated to irritation among sensory evaluation indexes.
In order to study the influences of filter parameters on the mainstream smoke pH and sensory quality of slim cigarettes, 60 slim cigarettes with different tow specifications, different filter rod pressure drops and different filter ventilation rates were prepared, and their mainstream smoke pH and sensory quality were analyzed. The results showed that: 1) Tow specification had no significant influence on both mainstream smoke pH and sensory quality. 2) Mainstream smoke pH increased with the increase of pressure drop of filter rod. For the slim cigarettes with the same tow specifications, the mainstream smoke pH increased with the increase of filter ventilation rate; for the slim cigarettes with different tow specifications, the mainstream smoke pH presented a decrease trend with the increase of denier per filament. 3) The score of sensory evaluation decreased with the increase of pressure drop of filter rod. The scores of sensory evaluation of slim cigarettes with tow specifications of 6.7 Y/17 000 decreased gradually with the increase of filter ventilation rate, and those of the slim cigarettes with the other four tow specifications in the suitable pressure drop range of filter rod increased first and then decreased with the increase of filter ventilation rate. 4) Correlation analysis indicated that the pressure drop of filter rods significantly positively correlated to the mainstream smoke pH, while significantly negatively correlated to the sensory evaluation score. Filter ventilation rate extremely significantly positively correlated to the mainstream smoke pH. No statistically significant correlation with sensory evaluation score was found. Filter ventilation rate extremely significantly negatively correlated to aroma, while extremely significantly positively correlated to irritation among sensory evaluation indexes.
引文
[1]苏明亮,吴鸣,谢剑平.烟草及烟气中烟碱形态研究进展[J].烟草科技,2004(6):20-24.SU Mingliang,WU Ming,XIE Jianping.Advance on the forms of nicotine in tobacco and smoke[J].Tobacco Science&Technology,2004(6):20-24.
[2]卢斌斌,谢剑平,刘惠民.卷烟烟气p H值与烟气总粒相物中游离烟碱的关系[J].中国烟草学报,2005,11(6):7-15.LU Binbin,XIE Jianping,LIU Huimin.Studies on the relationship between p H value and free nicotine in cigarette smoke[J].Acta Tabacaria Sinica,2005,11(6):7-15.
[3]李青青,杨靖,李文伟,等.卷烟主流烟气pH和粒相物pH的测定及与感官质量的关系[J].烟草科技,2015,48(10):62-66.LI Qingqing,YANG Jing,LI Wenwei,et al.Determination and relationships with sensory quality of pH values of mainstream cigarette smoke and its particulate matters[J].Tobacco Science&Technology,2015,48(10):62-66.
[4]顾永波,肖作兵,刘强,等.卷烟主流烟气pH值的测定及其与感官评吸的相关性研究[J].食品工业,2011(2):97-99.GU Yongbo,XIAO Zuobing,LIU Qiang,et al.Determination of p H in cigarette mainstream smoke and the correlation with sensory quality[J].The Food Industry,2011(2):97-99.
[5]龙君,杨钦兰,雷德安,等.卷烟主流烟气pH值测定方法的研究[J].化学研究与应用,2014,26(4):586-590.LONG Jun,YANG Qinlan,LEI Dean,et al.Study on determination of cigarette mainstream smoke pH[J].Chemical Research and Application,2014,26(4):586-590.
[6]邱宝平,李强,刘晓旭,等.非挥发性有机酸与卷烟主流烟气总粒相物pH值关系研究[J].郑州轻工业学报(自然科学版),2013,28(5):30-34.QIU Baoping,LI Qiang,LIU Xiaoxu,et al.Study on the relationship between non-volatile organic acids and total particulate matter pH of cigarettes smoke[J].Journal of Zhengzhou University of Light Industry(Natural Science),2013,28(5):30-34.
[7]李炎强,宗永立,屈展,等.通风稀释、加长滤嘴对卷烟主流烟气粒相挥发性、半挥发性、中性成分释放量的影响[J].中国烟草学报,2008,14(6):19-23.LI Yanqiang,ZONG Yongli,QU Zhan,et al.Effects of ventilation dilution and longer filter on volatile and semi-volatile,neutral components of mainstream cigarette smoke particulate[J].Acta Tabacaria Sinica,2008,14(6):19-23.
[8]蔡君兰,韩冰,张晓兵,等.滤嘴通风度对卷烟主流烟气中一些香味成分释放量的影[J].烟草科技,2011(9):54-60.CAI Junlan,HAN Bing,ZHANG Xiaobing,et al.Effects of filter ventilation rate on deliveries of some aromatic components in mainstream cigarette smoke[J].Tobacco Science&Technology,2011(9):54-60.
[9]连芬燕,李斌,黄朝章,等.滤嘴通风对卷烟燃烧温度及主流烟气中七种有害成分的影响[J].湖北农业科学,2014,53(17):4074-4078.LIAN Fenyan,LI Bin,HUANG Chaozhang,et al.Effects of filter ventilation on burning temperature and7 kinds of harmful components of mainstream smoke[J].Hubei Agricultural Sciences,2014,53(17):4074-4078.
[10]戴莉,邱宝平,梁娅,等.滤嘴稀释度对卷烟主流烟气香味释放量研究述评[J].郑州轻工业学院学报(自然科学版),2014,29(4):33-37.DAI Li,QIU Baoping,LIANG Ya,et al.Review of the effects of filter ventilation on delivery of aromatic component in mainstream smoke[J].Journal of Zhengzhou University of Light Industry(Natural Science),2014,29(4):33-37.
[11]庞永强,黄春晖,陈再根,等.通风稀释对卷烟燃烧温度及主流烟气中主要有害成分释放量的影响[J].烟草科技,2012(11):29-32.PANG Yongqiang,HUANG Chunhui,CHEN Zaigen,et al.Influence of ventilation on burning temperature and deliveries of harmful components in mainstream cigarette smoke[J].Tobacco Science&Technology,2012(11):29-32.
[12]Callicutt C H,Garman J M,Shackleford C M,et al.pHdetermination of aqueous solutions of mainstream cigarette smoke[C]//Proceedings of the 52nd Tobacco Science Research Conference.Georgia:TSRC,1998:19.
[13]GB/T 19609-2004卷烟用常规分析用吸烟机测定总粒相物和焦油[S].GB/T 19609-2004 Cigarette-Determination of total and nicotine-free dry particulate matter using a routine analytical smoking machine[S].
[14]GB 5606.4-2005卷烟第4部分:感官技术要求[S].GB 5606.4-2005 Cigarettes-Part 4:Technical requirements for sense evaluation[S].
[15]YC/T 497-2014卷烟中式卷烟风格感官评价方法[S].YC/T 497-2014 Cigarette-The sensory evaluation methods of Chinese-stylistic features[S].
[16]陈胜可.SPSS统计分析从入门到精通[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2010.CHEN Shengke.Statistic analysis of SPSS from entry to master[M].Beijing:Tsinghua University Press,2010.
[17]Morie G P.Fraction of protonated and unprotonated nicotine in tobacco smoke at various p H values[J].Tobacco Science,1972(16):167.
[18]Henningfield J E,Fant R V,Radzius A,et al.Nicotine concentration,smoke pH,and whole tobacco aqueous pH of some cigar brands and types popular in the United States[J].Nicotine&Tobacco Research,1999,1(2):163-168.
[19]潘立宁,王冰,刘绍锋,等.辅助材料参数对卷烟主流烟气中酸性香味成分释放量的影响[J].烟草科技,2014(3):46-50.PAN Lining,WANG Bing,LIU Shaofeng,et al.Effects of cigarette material parameters on deliveries of acidic aroma components in mainstream cigarette smoke[J].Tobacco Science&Technology,2014(3):46-50.
[20]Pankow J F.A consideration of the role of gas/particle partitioning in the deposition of nicotine and other tobacco smoke compounds in the respiratory tract[J].Chemical Research in Toxicology,2001,14(11):1465-1481.
[21]Pankow J F,Barsanti K C,Peyton D H.Fraction of free-base nicotine in fresh smoke particulate matter from the Eclipse“cigarette”by1H NMR spectroscopy[J].Chemical Research in Toxicology,2003,16(1):23-27.
[22]谢玉龙,朱先约,蔡君兰,等.滤嘴通风对卷烟烟气酸性成分的影响[J].烟草科技,2018,51(3):30-36.XIE Yulong,ZHU Xianyue,CAI Junlan,et al.Effects of filter ventilation on release of acidic components in mainstream cigarette smoke[J].Tobacco Science&Technology,2018,51(3):30-36.
[23]高明奇,马宇平,顾亮,等.细支卷烟用二醋酸纤维素丝束的应用性能[J].烟草科技,2017,50(11):75-80.GAO Mingqi,MA Yuping,GU Liang,et al.Application performance of cellulose acetate tow for slim cigarette[J].Tobacco Science&Technology,2017,50(11):75-80.
[24]于川芳,罗登山,王芳,等.卷烟“三纸一棒”对烟气特征及感官质量的影响(一)[J].中国烟草学报,2001,7(2):1-7.YU Chuanfang,LUO Dengshan,WANG Fang,et al.The effects of paper and filter on smoke components and taste[J].Acta Tabacaria Sinica,2001,7(2):1-7.
[25]景延秋,冼可法.不同滤嘴稀释度对卷烟主流烟气中重要香味成分输送量的影响[J].中国烟草学报,1999,5(2):7-12.JING Yanqiu,XIAN Kefa.Effect of different filter ventilation on the deliveries of flavor constituents in mainstream smoke[J].Acta Tabacaria Sinica,1999,5(2):7-12.
[26]安随元.卷烟材料对卷烟品质影响因子的研究[D].长沙:湖南农业大学,2012.AN Suiyuan.Research on the influence factors of cigarette materials on cigarette quality[D].Changsha:Hunan Agricultural University,2012.
[2]卢斌斌,谢剑平,刘惠民.卷烟烟气p H值与烟气总粒相物中游离烟碱的关系[J].中国烟草学报,2005,11(6):7-15.LU Binbin,XIE Jianping,LIU Huimin.Studies on the relationship between p H value and free nicotine in cigarette smoke[J].Acta Tabacaria Sinica,2005,11(6):7-15.
[3]李青青,杨靖,李文伟,等.卷烟主流烟气pH和粒相物pH的测定及与感官质量的关系[J].烟草科技,2015,48(10):62-66.LI Qingqing,YANG Jing,LI Wenwei,et al.Determination and relationships with sensory quality of pH values of mainstream cigarette smoke and its particulate matters[J].Tobacco Science&Technology,2015,48(10):62-66.
[4]顾永波,肖作兵,刘强,等.卷烟主流烟气pH值的测定及其与感官评吸的相关性研究[J].食品工业,2011(2):97-99.GU Yongbo,XIAO Zuobing,LIU Qiang,et al.Determination of p H in cigarette mainstream smoke and the correlation with sensory quality[J].The Food Industry,2011(2):97-99.
[5]龙君,杨钦兰,雷德安,等.卷烟主流烟气pH值测定方法的研究[J].化学研究与应用,2014,26(4):586-590.LONG Jun,YANG Qinlan,LEI Dean,et al.Study on determination of cigarette mainstream smoke pH[J].Chemical Research and Application,2014,26(4):586-590.
[6]邱宝平,李强,刘晓旭,等.非挥发性有机酸与卷烟主流烟气总粒相物pH值关系研究[J].郑州轻工业学报(自然科学版),2013,28(5):30-34.QIU Baoping,LI Qiang,LIU Xiaoxu,et al.Study on the relationship between non-volatile organic acids and total particulate matter pH of cigarettes smoke[J].Journal of Zhengzhou University of Light Industry(Natural Science),2013,28(5):30-34.
[7]李炎强,宗永立,屈展,等.通风稀释、加长滤嘴对卷烟主流烟气粒相挥发性、半挥发性、中性成分释放量的影响[J].中国烟草学报,2008,14(6):19-23.LI Yanqiang,ZONG Yongli,QU Zhan,et al.Effects of ventilation dilution and longer filter on volatile and semi-volatile,neutral components of mainstream cigarette smoke particulate[J].Acta Tabacaria Sinica,2008,14(6):19-23.
[8]蔡君兰,韩冰,张晓兵,等.滤嘴通风度对卷烟主流烟气中一些香味成分释放量的影[J].烟草科技,2011(9):54-60.CAI Junlan,HAN Bing,ZHANG Xiaobing,et al.Effects of filter ventilation rate on deliveries of some aromatic components in mainstream cigarette smoke[J].Tobacco Science&Technology,2011(9):54-60.
[9]连芬燕,李斌,黄朝章,等.滤嘴通风对卷烟燃烧温度及主流烟气中七种有害成分的影响[J].湖北农业科学,2014,53(17):4074-4078.LIAN Fenyan,LI Bin,HUANG Chaozhang,et al.Effects of filter ventilation on burning temperature and7 kinds of harmful components of mainstream smoke[J].Hubei Agricultural Sciences,2014,53(17):4074-4078.
[10]戴莉,邱宝平,梁娅,等.滤嘴稀释度对卷烟主流烟气香味释放量研究述评[J].郑州轻工业学院学报(自然科学版),2014,29(4):33-37.DAI Li,QIU Baoping,LIANG Ya,et al.Review of the effects of filter ventilation on delivery of aromatic component in mainstream smoke[J].Journal of Zhengzhou University of Light Industry(Natural Science),2014,29(4):33-37.
[11]庞永强,黄春晖,陈再根,等.通风稀释对卷烟燃烧温度及主流烟气中主要有害成分释放量的影响[J].烟草科技,2012(11):29-32.PANG Yongqiang,HUANG Chunhui,CHEN Zaigen,et al.Influence of ventilation on burning temperature and deliveries of harmful components in mainstream cigarette smoke[J].Tobacco Science&Technology,2012(11):29-32.
[12]Callicutt C H,Garman J M,Shackleford C M,et al.pHdetermination of aqueous solutions of mainstream cigarette smoke[C]//Proceedings of the 52nd Tobacco Science Research Conference.Georgia:TSRC,1998:19.
[13]GB/T 19609-2004卷烟用常规分析用吸烟机测定总粒相物和焦油[S].GB/T 19609-2004 Cigarette-Determination of total and nicotine-free dry particulate matter using a routine analytical smoking machine[S].
[14]GB 5606.4-2005卷烟第4部分:感官技术要求[S].GB 5606.4-2005 Cigarettes-Part 4:Technical requirements for sense evaluation[S].
[15]YC/T 497-2014卷烟中式卷烟风格感官评价方法[S].YC/T 497-2014 Cigarette-The sensory evaluation methods of Chinese-stylistic features[S].
[16]陈胜可.SPSS统计分析从入门到精通[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2010.CHEN Shengke.Statistic analysis of SPSS from entry to master[M].Beijing:Tsinghua University Press,2010.
[17]Morie G P.Fraction of protonated and unprotonated nicotine in tobacco smoke at various p H values[J].Tobacco Science,1972(16):167.
[18]Henningfield J E,Fant R V,Radzius A,et al.Nicotine concentration,smoke pH,and whole tobacco aqueous pH of some cigar brands and types popular in the United States[J].Nicotine&Tobacco Research,1999,1(2):163-168.
[19]潘立宁,王冰,刘绍锋,等.辅助材料参数对卷烟主流烟气中酸性香味成分释放量的影响[J].烟草科技,2014(3):46-50.PAN Lining,WANG Bing,LIU Shaofeng,et al.Effects of cigarette material parameters on deliveries of acidic aroma components in mainstream cigarette smoke[J].Tobacco Science&Technology,2014(3):46-50.
[20]Pankow J F.A consideration of the role of gas/particle partitioning in the deposition of nicotine and other tobacco smoke compounds in the respiratory tract[J].Chemical Research in Toxicology,2001,14(11):1465-1481.
[21]Pankow J F,Barsanti K C,Peyton D H.Fraction of free-base nicotine in fresh smoke particulate matter from the Eclipse“cigarette”by1H NMR spectroscopy[J].Chemical Research in Toxicology,2003,16(1):23-27.
[22]谢玉龙,朱先约,蔡君兰,等.滤嘴通风对卷烟烟气酸性成分的影响[J].烟草科技,2018,51(3):30-36.XIE Yulong,ZHU Xianyue,CAI Junlan,et al.Effects of filter ventilation on release of acidic components in mainstream cigarette smoke[J].Tobacco Science&Technology,2018,51(3):30-36.
[23]高明奇,马宇平,顾亮,等.细支卷烟用二醋酸纤维素丝束的应用性能[J].烟草科技,2017,50(11):75-80.GAO Mingqi,MA Yuping,GU Liang,et al.Application performance of cellulose acetate tow for slim cigarette[J].Tobacco Science&Technology,2017,50(11):75-80.
[24]于川芳,罗登山,王芳,等.卷烟“三纸一棒”对烟气特征及感官质量的影响(一)[J].中国烟草学报,2001,7(2):1-7.YU Chuanfang,LUO Dengshan,WANG Fang,et al.The effects of paper and filter on smoke components and taste[J].Acta Tabacaria Sinica,2001,7(2):1-7.
[25]景延秋,冼可法.不同滤嘴稀释度对卷烟主流烟气中重要香味成分输送量的影响[J].中国烟草学报,1999,5(2):7-12.JING Yanqiu,XIAN Kefa.Effect of different filter ventilation on the deliveries of flavor constituents in mainstream smoke[J].Acta Tabacaria Sinica,1999,5(2):7-12.
[26]安随元.卷烟材料对卷烟品质影响因子的研究[D].长沙:湖南农业大学,2012.AN Suiyuan.Research on the influence factors of cigarette materials on cigarette quality[D].Changsha:Hunan Agricultural University,2012.