桑树硬枝扦插不同生根类型插穗的生理特性研究
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摘要
桑树扦插生根是一个由外界因素和内源物质共同调控的复杂过程。采用桑品种育711号1年生硬枝为插穗,分别以传统愈伤组织生根技术和新的可诱导皮部生根的技术进行处理,以清水处理为对照,测定愈伤组织生根(Ⅰ型)与皮部生根(Ⅱ型)2种类型插穗生根过程中可溶性总糖、可溶性蛋白和酚类物质的含量,以及吲哚乙酸氧化酶(IAAO)、过氧化物酶(POD)、多酚氧化酶(PPO)活性。结果表明,不同生根类型插穗的上述生理指标呈现出差异性及不同的变化规律。可溶性总糖与可溶性蛋白含量在对照组插穗和Ⅰ型插穗生根过程中一直呈下降趋势,在Ⅱ型插穗生根过程中则表现为先下降再升高的变化趋势。IAAO活性在Ⅱ型插穗生根过程中经过一个短暂的下降后迅速升高,在Ⅰ型插穗生根过程中则保持一段时间的稳定后再下降;POD与PPO活性在Ⅰ型和Ⅱ型插穗生根过程中都是先上升后下降,但Ⅱ型插穗中的酶活性较高。酚类物质含量在Ⅱ型插穗生根过程中一直下降,而在Ⅰ型插穗生根过程中则是先下降后上升。试验结果提示,外源因素导致的桑树插穗扦插生根类型不同,可能是由于改变了插穗在生根过程中的营养物质含量及相关酶类活性的变化规律,即改变了插穗的生理特性所致。
Rooting of mulberry cuttings is a complicated process regulated by both external factors and endogenous substances. One-year hardwood branches of a mulberry variety named Yu 711 were used to prepare cuttings to determine soluble total sugar content,soluble protein and phenol content,indole acetic acid oxidase( IAAO) activity,peroxidase( POD) activity and polyphenol oxidase( PPO)activity in the process of callus rooting( Type-Ⅰ) and cortex rooting( Type-Ⅱ) with the treatment by traditional callus rooting technique and novel inducible cortex rooting technique,through using clean water as control. The results showed that the above physiological indexes of cuttings presented different variation patterns in different rooting types. Contents of soluble total sugar and soluble protein in cuttings of control group and Type-Ⅰ group showed downward trend in rooting process,while those in cuttings of Type-Ⅱ group showed upward trend after an initial decline. IAAO activity increased rapidly after a brief drop in the rooting of Type-Ⅱ cuttings,while in rooting of Type-Ⅰ cuttings it decreased after keeping steady for some time. POD activity and PPO activity displayed the same tendency of first-rise then-drop in both rooting processes of Type-Ⅰcuttings and Type-Ⅱ cuttings,with higher activities in Type-Ⅱcuttings. Phenol content showed downward trend in the whole rooting process of Type-Ⅱ cuttings but showed a first-drop thenrise trend in Type-Ⅰ cuttings. These data suggest that different rooting types of mulberry cuttings caused by external factors may be the result of changed nutrient contents and changed activities of related enzymes( i. e. the changed physiological property) in rooting process of cuttings.
Rooting of mulberry cuttings is a complicated process regulated by both external factors and endogenous substances. One-year hardwood branches of a mulberry variety named Yu 711 were used to prepare cuttings to determine soluble total sugar content,soluble protein and phenol content,indole acetic acid oxidase( IAAO) activity,peroxidase( POD) activity and polyphenol oxidase( PPO)activity in the process of callus rooting( Type-Ⅰ) and cortex rooting( Type-Ⅱ) with the treatment by traditional callus rooting technique and novel inducible cortex rooting technique,through using clean water as control. The results showed that the above physiological indexes of cuttings presented different variation patterns in different rooting types. Contents of soluble total sugar and soluble protein in cuttings of control group and Type-Ⅰ group showed downward trend in rooting process,while those in cuttings of Type-Ⅱ group showed upward trend after an initial decline. IAAO activity increased rapidly after a brief drop in the rooting of Type-Ⅱ cuttings,while in rooting of Type-Ⅰ cuttings it decreased after keeping steady for some time. POD activity and PPO activity displayed the same tendency of first-rise then-drop in both rooting processes of Type-Ⅰcuttings and Type-Ⅱ cuttings,with higher activities in Type-Ⅱcuttings. Phenol content showed downward trend in the whole rooting process of Type-Ⅱ cuttings but showed a first-drop thenrise trend in Type-Ⅰ cuttings. These data suggest that different rooting types of mulberry cuttings caused by external factors may be the result of changed nutrient contents and changed activities of related enzymes( i. e. the changed physiological property) in rooting process of cuttings.
引文
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[23]宋丽红,曹帮华.光叶楮扦插生根的吲哚乙酸氧化酶、多酚氧化酶、过氧化物酶活性变化研究[J].植物科学学报,2005,23(4):347-350
[24]危常州.酚类物质在植物体内的生理作用[J].石河子大学学报(自然科学版),1996(2):81-84
[25]李焕勇,刘涛,张华新,等.植物扦插生根机理研究进展[J].世界林业研究,2014,27(1):23-28
[2]QIN J,HE N J,WANG Y,et al.Ecological issues of mulberry and sustainable development[J].J Resour Ecol,2012,3(4):330-339
[3]林强,陈小青,莫现会,等.几种植物激素处理对桑树硬枝扦插成活率的比较试验[J].广西蚕业,2002,39(4):5-7
[4]曾军祥,谢特新,余仁杰,等.新型植物生根剂对桑树插条发根的影响[J].广东蚕业,2005,39(2):25-31
[5]宋庆林,何猛,李仕,等.桑树硬枝温床土团扦插育苗技术的应用与生根情况调查[J].中国蚕业,2007,28(4):29-31
[6]杜伟.人工诱导桑树绿枝扦插皮孔生根机理的研究[D].镇江:江苏科技大学,2010
[7]沈增学.桑树扦插的生根生理[J].植物生理学报,1997,33(6):485-486
[8]杜伟,程嘉翎.不同插穗对桑树绿枝扦插生根效果的影响[J].中国蚕业,2014,35(1):11-14
[9]顾青虹,倪国孚,陈爱玉.关于湖桑扦插繁殖的研究[J].蚕业科学,1983,9(2):71-73
[10]程嘉翎,黄平,杜伟,等.一种采用加热温箱多层繁育苗木的方法:2015100615960[P].2015-02-06
[11]李合生.植物生理生化实验原理与技术[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2000:184-185;164-165
[12]张志良.植物生理学实验指导[M].北京:高等教育出版社,1990:210-212
[13]田国忠,李怀方,裘维蕃.植物激素与植物病害的相互作用[J].植物生理学通讯,1999,35(3):177-184
[14]庞晓慧.翅果油树扦插繁殖技术及生根机理研究[D].保定:河北农业大学,2007
[15]CORREA L R,PAIM D C,SCHWAMBACH J,et al.Carbohydrates as regulatory factors on the rooting of Eucalyptus saligna Smith and Eucalyptus globulus Labill[J].Plant Growth Regul,2005,45(1):63-73
[16]刘玉艳,于凤鸣,于娟.IBA对含笑扦插生根影响初探[J].河北农业大学学报,2003,26(2):25-29
[17]曹帮华,扈红军,张大鹏,等.桑树硬枝扦插生根能力及其生根关联酶活性的研究[J].蚕业科学,2008,34(1):96-100
[18]梁艳荣,胡晓红,张颍力,等.植物过氧化物酶生理功能研究进展[J].内蒙古农业大学学报(自然科学版),2003,24(2):110-113
[19]INTAPRUK C,YAMAMOTO K,SEKINE M,et al.Regulatory sequences involved in the peroxidase gene expression in Arabidopsis thaliana[J].Plant Cell Rep,1994,13(3/4):123-129
[20]GRAHAM M Y,GRAHAM T L.Rapid accumulation of anionic peroxidases and phenolic polymers in soybean cotyledon tissues following treatment with Phytophthora megasperma f.sp.glycinea wall glucan[J].Plant Physiol,1991,97(4):1445-1455
[21]王曼玲,胡中立,周明全,等.植物多酚氧化酶的研究进展[J].植物学通报,2005,22(2):215-222
[22]李明,黄卓烈,谭绍满,等.难易生根桉树过氧化物酶及其同工酶多型性比较研究[J].华南农业大学学报,2000,21(3):56-59
[23]宋丽红,曹帮华.光叶楮扦插生根的吲哚乙酸氧化酶、多酚氧化酶、过氧化物酶活性变化研究[J].植物科学学报,2005,23(4):347-350
[24]危常州.酚类物质在植物体内的生理作用[J].石河子大学学报(自然科学版),1996(2):81-84
[25]李焕勇,刘涛,张华新,等.植物扦插生根机理研究进展[J].世界林业研究,2014,27(1):23-28