局部放电特高频传感器及系统现场校验与评估技术
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摘要
局部放电特高频在线监测是全封闭气体绝缘开关设备(GIS)状态运维的重要手段,在电力系统得到了广泛应用。现场局放特高频在线监测系统实际应用效果,在很大程度上取决于监测系统及其传感器硬件的灵敏度,由于现场环境复杂,传感器及检测系统长期运行性能会下降,因此,有必要对检测系统及传感器进行现场校验。文中从特高频传感器特性、传感器安装方式和脉冲信号在GIS腔体结构内的传播衰减特性3个方面分析了影响局放特高频监测系统现场校核的因素,在CIGRE推出的局放特高频传感器灵敏度现场校验方法的基础上,提出基于待校核传感器与标准传感器检测幅值对比的现场校核方法,针对在运局放特高频在线监测系统硬件设备开展了现场有效性校验工作;结合传感器实验室校验的数据,对检测结果进行分类统计,获得了变电站在运GIS局放特高频检测系统的灵敏度和局放监测有效性情况,结果表明:传感器和检测系统存在问题的占监测点总数15.5%,其中,灵敏度低的传感器占比达到12.2%,表明传感器灵敏度低是造成监测系统效果不理想的主要原因。
On-line monitoring ultra high frequency(UHF)of partial discharge is important for the maintenance of fully enclosed gas insulated switchgear(GIS),while the performance of the on-line UHF monitoring system depends onthe sensitivity of the system itself and its sensors,as well as the rationality of configuration and installation of the sen-sors on GIS equipment. This study proposed a field checking method based on comparison of the detection ampli-tudes between the calibrating sensor and the standard sensor,and carried out on-site validation of the on-line UHFmonitoring system. The check results were analyzed and compared with the data from laboratory. It is shown that theproposed checking method is effective,the unsatisfactory detection points of the on-line UHF monitoring system is15.5% of total detection points,and 12.2% of the unsatisfactory detection points relates to the low-sensitivity sensors,which indicates that insufficient sensitivity of the sensors results in unsatisfactory partial discharge detection.
On-line monitoring ultra high frequency(UHF)of partial discharge is important for the maintenance of fully enclosed gas insulated switchgear(GIS),while the performance of the on-line UHF monitoring system depends onthe sensitivity of the system itself and its sensors,as well as the rationality of configuration and installation of the sen-sors on GIS equipment. This study proposed a field checking method based on comparison of the detection ampli-tudes between the calibrating sensor and the standard sensor,and carried out on-site validation of the on-line UHFmonitoring system. The check results were analyzed and compared with the data from laboratory. It is shown that theproposed checking method is effective,the unsatisfactory detection points of the on-line UHF monitoring system is15.5% of total detection points,and 12.2% of the unsatisfactory detection points relates to the low-sensitivity sensors,which indicates that insufficient sensitivity of the sensors results in unsatisfactory partial discharge detection.
引文
[1]李军浩,韩旭涛,刘泽辉,等.电气设备局部放电检测技术述评[J].高电压技术,2015,41(8):2583-2601.LI Junhao,HAN Xutao,LIU Zehui,et al. Review on partial discharge measurement technology of electrical equipment[J].High Voltage Engineering,2015,41(8):2583-2601.
[2]刘卫东,黄瑜珑,王剑锋,等. GIS局部放电特高频在线检测和定位[J].高压电器,1999,35(1):11-15.LIU Weidong,HUANG Yulong,WANG Jianfeng,et al.On-line detection and location of PD in GIS dsing UHF method[J]. High Voltage Apparatus,1999,35(1):11-15.
[3] SHENGCHANG J,YUANYUAN W,JUNHAO L,et al. Review of UHF antenna for detecting partial discharge in GIS[J].High Voltage Apparatus,2015,51(4):163-172.
[4]侯慧娟,盛戈皞,苗培青,等.基于超高频电磁波的变电站局部放电空间定位[J].高电压技术,2012,38(6):1334-1340.HOU Huijuan,SHENG Gehao,MIAO Peiqing,et al. Partial discharge location based on Radio frequency antenna array in substation[J]. High Voltage Engineering,2012,38(6):1334-1340.
[5] XIANJUN S,WENLIN H,CHEN L,et al. Research progress of UHF partial discharge detection and diagnosis in GIS[J]. Zhejiang Electric Power,2016,35(10):7-14.
[6]程序,唐志国,李成榕.特高频传感器结构参数对其幅频特性的影响[J].电网技术,2006,30(15):25-29.CHENG Xu,TANG Zhiguo,LI Chengrong. Impact of structural parameters of UHF sensors on its amplitude-frequency response characteristics[J]. Power System Technology,2006,30(15):25-29.
[7]李兴旺,卢启付,李端姣,等. GIS局部放电特高频在线监测系统传感器配置方案研究[J].高压电器,2012,48(11):70-74.LI Xingwang,LU Qifu,LI Duanjiao,et al. Transducers arrangement of the UHF-PD online monitoring system for GIS[J]. High Voltage Apparatus,2012,48(11):70-74.
[8] XIA Y,GONG Y,HU T,et al. Research on arrangement of ultra high frequency sensors based on GIS partial discharge[C]//International Conference on High Voltage Engineering&Application.Piscataway,NJ,USA:IEEE,2015:1-4.
[9]丁然,聂鹏飞,李意.内置式特高频传感器在GIS设备上安装布点方案研究[J].高压电器,2017,53(9):78-84.DING Ran,NIE Pengfei,LI Yi. Study on layout scheme of the built-in ultra-high frequency sensors in GIS[J]. High Voltage Apparatus,2017,53(9):78-84.
[10]黎量. GIS局部放电UHF检测系统性能现场校核方法[D].北京:华北电力大学,2015.LI Liang. The site verification method of partial dischargedetection using the UHF method in GIS[D]. Beijing:North China Electric Power University,2015.
[11] YANG J,JIA Y,ZHOU Z,et al. The measurement system of partial discharge under impulse voltage[J]. Applied Mechanics and Materials Appl. Mech. Mater.(Switzerland),2014(543-547):1046-1049.
[12]王飞. GIS局部放电特高频检测系统标定方法体系研究[D].北京:华北电力大学,2017.WANG Fei. Study on calibration mthod system of partialdischarge UHF detection system performance on GIS[D].Beijing:North China Electric Power University,2017.
[13]李兴旺,黎量,唐志国,等.外置式UHF校验信号注入方法的可行性研究[J].高压电器,2015,51(5):71-76.LI Xingwang,LI Liang,TANG Zhiguo,et al. Feasibility analysis of radiating UHF verification signal through small hole in metal flange[J]. High Voltage Apparatus,2015,51(5):71-76.
[14]李端姣,郑书生,黎量,等.人工电压脉冲与局部放电UHF信号的等效性分析[J].电网技术,2014,38(10):2900-2904.LI Duanjiao,ZHENG Shusheng,LI Liang,et al. Analysis on equivalence between UHF discharge signals caused by voltage pulses artificially injected into GIS and that caused by actual partial discharge signals inside GIS[J]. Power System Technology,2014,38(10):2900-2904.
[15]李兴旺,卢启付,唐志国,等. GIS局部放电特高频传感器接收特性表征研究[J].广东电力,2013,26(9):55-60.LI Xingwang,LU Qifu,TANG Zhiguo,et al. Study on receiving characteristics of the UHF sensor for GIS partial discharge[J]. Guangdong Electric Power,2013,26(9):55-60.
[16]李端姣,唐志国. GIS局部放电特高频检测系统标定研究[J].高电压技术,2015,41(10):3348-3354.LI Duanjiao,TANG Zhiguo. Research on the calibration of UHF partial discharge detection system in GIS[J]. High Voltage Engineering,2015,41(10):3348-3354.
[17]刘亚洲.基于GTEM小室的UHF传感器性能标定关键问题研究[D].北京:华北电力大学,2016.LIU Yazhou. Study on the key problem in UHF sensor performance calibration based on GTEM cell[D]. Beijing:North China Electric Power University,2016.
[18]李天辉,荣命哲,王小华,等. GIS内置式局部放电特高频传感器的设计、优化及测试研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2017,37(18):5483-5493.LI Tianhui,RON Mingzhe,WANG Xiaohua,et al. Design,optimization and experiment study of internal UHF sensor for partial discharge detection in GIS[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE,2017,37(18):5483-5493.
[19]丁登伟,高文胜,刘卫东. GIS结构尺寸对局部放电特高频信号的影响[J].电网技术,2013,37(10):2850-2854.DING Dengwei,GAO Wensheng,LIU Weidong. Influence of structure dimension of GIS on UHF signal of partial discharge[J]. Power System Technology,2013,37(10):2850-2854.
[20] LI Q,QIU W B,CAI K S,et al. Influence of GIS structure on propagation of electromagnetic waves of partial discharge[C]//Power Engineering&Automation Conference.Piscataway,NJ,USA:IEEE,2011:128-135.
[21]唐志国,蒋佟佟,叶会生,等.变电站局放检测中的电磁干扰统计特性[J].高电压技术,2017,43(9):2998-3006.TANG Zhiguo,JIANG Tongtong,YE Huisheng,et al. Statistical characteristics of electromagnetic interferences for partial discharge detection in substation[J]. High Voltage Engineering,2017,43(9):2998-3006.
[22]蒋佟佟,唐志国.变电站特高频局放监测的电磁干扰特征影响因素[J].电网技术,2018,42(4):1350-1358.JIANG Tongtong,TANG Zhiguo. Research on influencing factors of electromagnetic interferences for UHF PD detection in substations[J]. Power System Technology,2018,42(4):1350-1358.
[2]刘卫东,黄瑜珑,王剑锋,等. GIS局部放电特高频在线检测和定位[J].高压电器,1999,35(1):11-15.LIU Weidong,HUANG Yulong,WANG Jianfeng,et al.On-line detection and location of PD in GIS dsing UHF method[J]. High Voltage Apparatus,1999,35(1):11-15.
[3] SHENGCHANG J,YUANYUAN W,JUNHAO L,et al. Review of UHF antenna for detecting partial discharge in GIS[J].High Voltage Apparatus,2015,51(4):163-172.
[4]侯慧娟,盛戈皞,苗培青,等.基于超高频电磁波的变电站局部放电空间定位[J].高电压技术,2012,38(6):1334-1340.HOU Huijuan,SHENG Gehao,MIAO Peiqing,et al. Partial discharge location based on Radio frequency antenna array in substation[J]. High Voltage Engineering,2012,38(6):1334-1340.
[5] XIANJUN S,WENLIN H,CHEN L,et al. Research progress of UHF partial discharge detection and diagnosis in GIS[J]. Zhejiang Electric Power,2016,35(10):7-14.
[6]程序,唐志国,李成榕.特高频传感器结构参数对其幅频特性的影响[J].电网技术,2006,30(15):25-29.CHENG Xu,TANG Zhiguo,LI Chengrong. Impact of structural parameters of UHF sensors on its amplitude-frequency response characteristics[J]. Power System Technology,2006,30(15):25-29.
[7]李兴旺,卢启付,李端姣,等. GIS局部放电特高频在线监测系统传感器配置方案研究[J].高压电器,2012,48(11):70-74.LI Xingwang,LU Qifu,LI Duanjiao,et al. Transducers arrangement of the UHF-PD online monitoring system for GIS[J]. High Voltage Apparatus,2012,48(11):70-74.
[8] XIA Y,GONG Y,HU T,et al. Research on arrangement of ultra high frequency sensors based on GIS partial discharge[C]//International Conference on High Voltage Engineering&Application.Piscataway,NJ,USA:IEEE,2015:1-4.
[9]丁然,聂鹏飞,李意.内置式特高频传感器在GIS设备上安装布点方案研究[J].高压电器,2017,53(9):78-84.DING Ran,NIE Pengfei,LI Yi. Study on layout scheme of the built-in ultra-high frequency sensors in GIS[J]. High Voltage Apparatus,2017,53(9):78-84.
[10]黎量. GIS局部放电UHF检测系统性能现场校核方法[D].北京:华北电力大学,2015.LI Liang. The site verification method of partial dischargedetection using the UHF method in GIS[D]. Beijing:North China Electric Power University,2015.
[11] YANG J,JIA Y,ZHOU Z,et al. The measurement system of partial discharge under impulse voltage[J]. Applied Mechanics and Materials Appl. Mech. Mater.(Switzerland),2014(543-547):1046-1049.
[12]王飞. GIS局部放电特高频检测系统标定方法体系研究[D].北京:华北电力大学,2017.WANG Fei. Study on calibration mthod system of partialdischarge UHF detection system performance on GIS[D].Beijing:North China Electric Power University,2017.
[13]李兴旺,黎量,唐志国,等.外置式UHF校验信号注入方法的可行性研究[J].高压电器,2015,51(5):71-76.LI Xingwang,LI Liang,TANG Zhiguo,et al. Feasibility analysis of radiating UHF verification signal through small hole in metal flange[J]. High Voltage Apparatus,2015,51(5):71-76.
[14]李端姣,郑书生,黎量,等.人工电压脉冲与局部放电UHF信号的等效性分析[J].电网技术,2014,38(10):2900-2904.LI Duanjiao,ZHENG Shusheng,LI Liang,et al. Analysis on equivalence between UHF discharge signals caused by voltage pulses artificially injected into GIS and that caused by actual partial discharge signals inside GIS[J]. Power System Technology,2014,38(10):2900-2904.
[15]李兴旺,卢启付,唐志国,等. GIS局部放电特高频传感器接收特性表征研究[J].广东电力,2013,26(9):55-60.LI Xingwang,LU Qifu,TANG Zhiguo,et al. Study on receiving characteristics of the UHF sensor for GIS partial discharge[J]. Guangdong Electric Power,2013,26(9):55-60.
[16]李端姣,唐志国. GIS局部放电特高频检测系统标定研究[J].高电压技术,2015,41(10):3348-3354.LI Duanjiao,TANG Zhiguo. Research on the calibration of UHF partial discharge detection system in GIS[J]. High Voltage Engineering,2015,41(10):3348-3354.
[17]刘亚洲.基于GTEM小室的UHF传感器性能标定关键问题研究[D].北京:华北电力大学,2016.LIU Yazhou. Study on the key problem in UHF sensor performance calibration based on GTEM cell[D]. Beijing:North China Electric Power University,2016.
[18]李天辉,荣命哲,王小华,等. GIS内置式局部放电特高频传感器的设计、优化及测试研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2017,37(18):5483-5493.LI Tianhui,RON Mingzhe,WANG Xiaohua,et al. Design,optimization and experiment study of internal UHF sensor for partial discharge detection in GIS[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE,2017,37(18):5483-5493.
[19]丁登伟,高文胜,刘卫东. GIS结构尺寸对局部放电特高频信号的影响[J].电网技术,2013,37(10):2850-2854.DING Dengwei,GAO Wensheng,LIU Weidong. Influence of structure dimension of GIS on UHF signal of partial discharge[J]. Power System Technology,2013,37(10):2850-2854.
[20] LI Q,QIU W B,CAI K S,et al. Influence of GIS structure on propagation of electromagnetic waves of partial discharge[C]//Power Engineering&Automation Conference.Piscataway,NJ,USA:IEEE,2011:128-135.
[21]唐志国,蒋佟佟,叶会生,等.变电站局放检测中的电磁干扰统计特性[J].高电压技术,2017,43(9):2998-3006.TANG Zhiguo,JIANG Tongtong,YE Huisheng,et al. Statistical characteristics of electromagnetic interferences for partial discharge detection in substation[J]. High Voltage Engineering,2017,43(9):2998-3006.
[22]蒋佟佟,唐志国.变电站特高频局放监测的电磁干扰特征影响因素[J].电网技术,2018,42(4):1350-1358.JIANG Tongtong,TANG Zhiguo. Research on influencing factors of electromagnetic interferences for UHF PD detection in substations[J]. Power System Technology,2018,42(4):1350-1358.