哈罗德·布鲁姆的误读理论对浪漫主义传统的再审视
摘要
哈罗德·布鲁姆以主体性和内在性的叙述对浪漫主义的文学传统进行了重构,具有明确的美学回归指向性,他梳理了英美经典作家之间的对抗性误读关系,以主体的浪漫主义想象为批评理论的基础,以文学作品审美价值的高低作为评价作品优劣的判断标准,把英美文学史看作浪漫主义文学史和作家的心灵成长史,完成了对浪漫主义的修正式重估,客观上对"文学作为审美意识形态"这一文学本质观进行了学理上的阐明。
引文
[1]David Simpson,“Romanticism criticism and theory”in The Cambridge Companion to British Romanticism. Cambridge University Press,1993,P.17.
[2]卢铁澎.文学思潮论(修订本)[M].北京:人民出版社,2015:197.
[3] De Bolla,Peter,Harold Bloom:Towards Historical Rhetorics,London:Routledge,1988,p.73.
[4]Harold Bloom:The Ringers in the Tower:Study in Romantic Tradition,Chicago:The University of Chicago Press,1971,p.344.
[5][美]哈罗德·布鲁姆.批评,正典结构与预言[M].吴琼,译.北京:中国社会科学出版社,2000:199.
[6] Graham Allen,Harold Bloom:A Poetics of Confict,New York:Harvester Wheat Shecaf,1994,p.11.
[7][美]弗兰克·伦特里奇亚,著.新批评之后[M].南京:南京大学出版社,2017:346.
[8][美]J.布卢姆,等.美国的历程:下册(第二分册)[M].杨国标,等,译.北京:商务印书馆,1988:605.
[9] Harold Bloom,“The Unpastured Sea:An Introduction to Shelley'’in Harold Bloom,ed.Romanticism and Consciousness:EssaysinCriticism.W:w.Norton&Company,1970.P.375.
[10]Thomas Hutchinson,ed.The Complete Poptical Works of Percy Shelley.Oxford Edition,1914.p.192.
[11]谬灵珠.谬灵珠美学译文集:第三卷[M].章安祺,编订[M].北京:中国人民大学出版社,1998:141.
[12] Harold Bloom,Shelley’s Mythmaking,Cornell University,1959.p.57.
[13] Harold Bloom,Kabbalah and Criticism,New York:Seabury Press,1975.p. 39.
[14][美]威廉·亨利:为精英主义辩护[M].胡利平,译,南京:译林出版社,2000:18.
[15] Harold Bloom:The Ringers in the Tower:Study in Romantic Tradition,Chicago:The University of Chicago Press,1971,p.343.
[16]Graham Allen,Harold Bloom:A Poetics of Conflict,New York:Harvester Wheatsheaf,1994,p. 128.
[17] Harold Bloom. Agon:Towards a Theory of Revisonism,Oxford University Press,1982,p.49.
[18] Harold Bloom,Shelley’s Mythmaking,Cornell University,1959.p.57.
[19]Nannette Altevers,The Revisionary Company:Harold Bloom’s“Last Romanticism”in New Literary History,1992,V0L.23.
[20] Jean-Pierre Mileur,Literary Revisionism and the Burden of Modernity.University of Califormia Press,1985,p.5.
[21]Jacques Derrida,Writing and Difference,trans,Allen Bass(Chicago:University of Chicago Press,1978),p.227.
[22]冯庆.永恒复返的浪漫-纪念M.H.艾布拉姆斯[J].探索与争鸣,2015(12).
(1)笔者用“发明”找个词是对霍布斯鲍姆《传统的发明》的模仿,他说那些表面看来或者声称是古老的‘传统’,其起源的时间往往是相当晚近的,而且有时是被发明出来的。布鲁姆所要恢复的这个浪漫主义传统其实是对现实的一种回应和反思。
[2]卢铁澎.文学思潮论(修订本)[M].北京:人民出版社,2015:197.
[3] De Bolla,Peter,Harold Bloom:Towards Historical Rhetorics,London:Routledge,1988,p.73.
[4]Harold Bloom:The Ringers in the Tower:Study in Romantic Tradition,Chicago:The University of Chicago Press,1971,p.344.
[5][美]哈罗德·布鲁姆.批评,正典结构与预言[M].吴琼,译.北京:中国社会科学出版社,2000:199.
[6] Graham Allen,Harold Bloom:A Poetics of Confict,New York:Harvester Wheat Shecaf,1994,p.11.
[7][美]弗兰克·伦特里奇亚,著.新批评之后[M].南京:南京大学出版社,2017:346.
[8][美]J.布卢姆,等.美国的历程:下册(第二分册)[M].杨国标,等,译.北京:商务印书馆,1988:605.
[9] Harold Bloom,“The Unpastured Sea:An Introduction to Shelley'’in Harold Bloom,ed.Romanticism and Consciousness:EssaysinCriticism.W:w.Norton&Company,1970.P.375.
[10]Thomas Hutchinson,ed.The Complete Poptical Works of Percy Shelley.Oxford Edition,1914.p.192.
[11]谬灵珠.谬灵珠美学译文集:第三卷[M].章安祺,编订[M].北京:中国人民大学出版社,1998:141.
[12] Harold Bloom,Shelley’s Mythmaking,Cornell University,1959.p.57.
[13] Harold Bloom,Kabbalah and Criticism,New York:Seabury Press,1975.p. 39.
[14][美]威廉·亨利:为精英主义辩护[M].胡利平,译,南京:译林出版社,2000:18.
[15] Harold Bloom:The Ringers in the Tower:Study in Romantic Tradition,Chicago:The University of Chicago Press,1971,p.343.
[16]Graham Allen,Harold Bloom:A Poetics of Conflict,New York:Harvester Wheatsheaf,1994,p. 128.
[17] Harold Bloom. Agon:Towards a Theory of Revisonism,Oxford University Press,1982,p.49.
[18] Harold Bloom,Shelley’s Mythmaking,Cornell University,1959.p.57.
[19]Nannette Altevers,The Revisionary Company:Harold Bloom’s“Last Romanticism”in New Literary History,1992,V0L.23.
[20] Jean-Pierre Mileur,Literary Revisionism and the Burden of Modernity.University of Califormia Press,1985,p.5.
[21]Jacques Derrida,Writing and Difference,trans,Allen Bass(Chicago:University of Chicago Press,1978),p.227.
[22]冯庆.永恒复返的浪漫-纪念M.H.艾布拉姆斯[J].探索与争鸣,2015(12).
(1)笔者用“发明”找个词是对霍布斯鲍姆《传统的发明》的模仿,他说那些表面看来或者声称是古老的‘传统’,其起源的时间往往是相当晚近的,而且有时是被发明出来的。布鲁姆所要恢复的这个浪漫主义传统其实是对现实的一种回应和反思。