氧气高炉喷吹焦炉煤气数学模型
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摘要
为降低氧气高炉炼铁流程中循环煤气脱除CO_2及煤气预热成本,提出了氧气高炉喷吹焦炉煤气炼铁流程,并建立了新流程能质平衡数学模型,应用该模型分别对传统高炉、传统高炉喷吹焦炉煤气、氧气高炉(鼓风氧体积分数为30%、40%、50%、100%)喷吹焦炉煤气炼铁流程主要技术参数进行计算并对比。结果表明,传统高炉喷吹少量焦炉煤气(30 m~3/t)可降低燃料比13 kg/t,焦炉煤气置换焦炭的置换比为0.433 kg/m~3,但是对其他参数影响不大。氧气高炉喷吹焦炉煤气流程随着富氧率提高,炉内还原势提高,CO和氢利用率下降,炉内存在还原剂表观过剩,非全氧鼓风条件下炉内没有发生氮气富集。新流程外供煤气总热值为3 000 MJ/t左右,与传统高炉相比变化不大,对现有钢铁联合企业煤气供需平衡影响较小。全氧高炉喷吹焦炉煤气炼铁流程相较于目前的高炉炼铁流程可节焦43%,增煤33%,总燃料比降低20%。
In order to reduce the CO_2 removal and gas preheating cost during the oxygen blast furnace ironmaking process.The current study put forward an oxygen blast furnace with coke oven gas injection(OBF-COGI)ironmaking process.Then,the material and energy balances mathematical model of the new process was established.Based on the model,the process parameters of traditional blast furnace(TBF),TBF-COGI,OBF(blast oxygen content of 30%,40%,50% and 100%)-COGI were calculated and compared.The results show that a small amount(30 m~3/t)of COGI into the TBF can reduce the fuel ratio 13 kg/t compared with TBF,COG replacement coke ratio is 0.433 kg/m~3,but has little impact on the other parameters.With the increase of blast oxygen content,the reduction potential of OBF-COGI raises,the CO and hydrogen utilization rate decreases.There exists a reducing agent apparent excess in the furnace.There is no N_2 enrichment phenomenon in the non full OBF-COGI process.The total calorific value of external supply gas gross in new process is 3 000 MJ/t which has little change compared with the TBF.So the new process has almost no effect on the gas supply and demand balance in present iron and steel enterprise.Compared with the current blast furnace ironmaking process,the full OBF-COGI process can save coke by 43%,increase coal by 33% and reduce fuel ratio by 20%.
In order to reduce the CO_2 removal and gas preheating cost during the oxygen blast furnace ironmaking process.The current study put forward an oxygen blast furnace with coke oven gas injection(OBF-COGI)ironmaking process.Then,the material and energy balances mathematical model of the new process was established.Based on the model,the process parameters of traditional blast furnace(TBF),TBF-COGI,OBF(blast oxygen content of 30%,40%,50% and 100%)-COGI were calculated and compared.The results show that a small amount(30 m~3/t)of COGI into the TBF can reduce the fuel ratio 13 kg/t compared with TBF,COG replacement coke ratio is 0.433 kg/m~3,but has little impact on the other parameters.With the increase of blast oxygen content,the reduction potential of OBF-COGI raises,the CO and hydrogen utilization rate decreases.There exists a reducing agent apparent excess in the furnace.There is no N_2 enrichment phenomenon in the non full OBF-COGI process.The total calorific value of external supply gas gross in new process is 3 000 MJ/t which has little change compared with the TBF.So the new process has almost no effect on the gas supply and demand balance in present iron and steel enterprise.Compared with the current blast furnace ironmaking process,the full OBF-COGI process can save coke by 43%,increase coal by 33% and reduce fuel ratio by 20%.
引文
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[14]高攀,李强,张作良,等.喷吹循环煤气氧气高炉的静态模型[J].材料与冶金学报,2013,12(1):7.(GAO Pan,LI Qiang,ZHANG Zuo-liang,et al.A comprehensive static model for oxygen blast furnace with recycling gas injection[J].Journal of Materials and Metallurgy,2013,12(1):7.)
[15]韩毅华,王静松,李燕珍,等.炉顶煤气循环-氧气鼓风高炉综合数学模型[J].北京科技大学学报,2011,33(10):1280.(HAN Yi-hua,WANG Jing-song,LI Yan-zhen,et al.Comprehensive mathematical model of top gas recycling-oxygen blast furnaces[J].Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing,2011,33(10):1280.)
[16]唐惠庆,刘军利,郭占成.炼焦过程氧化铅高温焦炉煤气均相脱硫的研究[J].燃料化学学报,2003,31(5):485.(TANG Hui-qing,LIU Jun-li,GUO Zhan-cheng.Homogenous desulfurization of high-temperature coke oven gas by use of lead oxide additive[J].J Fuel Chem Technol,2003,31(5):485.)
[17]那树人.炼铁计算[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,2005.(NA Shu-ren.Ironmaking Calculation[M].Beijing:Metallurgical Industry Press,2005.)
[18]王筱留.炼铁学[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,2000.(WANG Xiao-liu.Ironmaking Science[M].Beijing:Metallurgical Industry Press,2000.)
[19]周亮,刘克明,沙永志.高炉喷吹焦炉煤气置换比的计算[J].钢铁研究学报,2013,25(5):19.(ZHOU Liang,LIU Ke-ming,SHA Yong-zhi.Calculation of replacement ratio of injecting coke oven gas into blast furnace[J].Journal of Iron and Steel Research,2013,25(5):19.)
[2]Orth A,Anastasijevic N,Eichberger H.Low CO2emission technologies for iron and steelmaking as well as titania slag production[J].Minerals Engineering,2007,20(9):854.
[3]李新创.钢铁工业“十二五”回顾和未来发展思考[J].钢铁,2016,51(11):1.(LI Xin-chuang.Review of steel industry in the 12 th Five-Year Period and future development[J].Iron and Steel,2016,51(11):1.)
[4]Nogami H,Yagi J,Kitamura S,et al.Analysis on material and energy balances of ironmaking systems on blast furnace operations with metallic charging,top gas recycling and natural gas injection[J].ISIJ International,2006,46(12):1759.
[5]Hooey L,Wikstr?m J O,Sikstr?m P.高炉炼铁技术的未来-北欧的研发[J].世界钢铁,2011,11(1):1(.Hooey L,Wikstro?ml J O,Siks tr o?m P.The future of blast furnace ironmaking:a Nordic perspective[J].World Steel,2011,11(1):1.)
[6]Tseitlin M A,Lazutkin S E,Styopin G M.A flow-chart for iron making on the basis of 100%usage of process oxygen and hot reducing gases injection[J].ISIJ International,1994,34(7):570.
[7]陈永星,张建良,苏步新,等.高炉富氧喷吹焦炉煤气理论研究[J].钢铁,2012,47(2):12(.CHEN Yong-xing,ZHANG Jian-liang,SU Bu-xin,et al.Theoretical analysis of injectioncoke oven gas with oxygen enriched into blast furnace[J].Iron and Steel,2012,47(2):12.)
[8]Chu M,Nogami H,Yagi J.Numerical analysis on injection of hydrogen bearing materials into blast furnace[J].ISIJ International,2004,44(5):801.
[9]Nozdrachev V,Mousa E A,Babich A,et al.Enhancement of iron ore sinter reducibility through coke oven gas injection into the modern blast furnace[J].ISIJ International,2013,53(8):1372.
[10]李吴堃,刘克明,沙永志.高炉喷吹焦炉煤气工艺分析[J].炼铁,2011(2):59.(LI Wu-kun,LIU Ke-ming,SHA Yong-zhi.Process analysis on coke oven gas injection into blast furnace[J].Ironmaking,2011(2):59.)
[11]Watakabe S,Miyagawa K,Matsuzaki S,et al.Operation trial of hydrogenous gas injection of course 50 project at an experimental blast furnace[J].ISIJ International,2013,53(12):2065.
[12]齐渊洪,严定鎏,高建军,等.氧气高炉工业化试验研究[J].钢铁,2011,46(3):6.(QI Yuan-hong,YAN Ding-liu,GAO Jianjun,et al.Study on industrial test of the oxygen blast furnace[J].Iron and Steel,2011,46(3):6.)
[13]Andahazy D,Slaby S,L?ffler G,et al.Governing processes of gas and oil injection into the blast furnace[J].ISIJ International,2006,46(4):496.
[14]高攀,李强,张作良,等.喷吹循环煤气氧气高炉的静态模型[J].材料与冶金学报,2013,12(1):7.(GAO Pan,LI Qiang,ZHANG Zuo-liang,et al.A comprehensive static model for oxygen blast furnace with recycling gas injection[J].Journal of Materials and Metallurgy,2013,12(1):7.)
[15]韩毅华,王静松,李燕珍,等.炉顶煤气循环-氧气鼓风高炉综合数学模型[J].北京科技大学学报,2011,33(10):1280.(HAN Yi-hua,WANG Jing-song,LI Yan-zhen,et al.Comprehensive mathematical model of top gas recycling-oxygen blast furnaces[J].Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing,2011,33(10):1280.)
[16]唐惠庆,刘军利,郭占成.炼焦过程氧化铅高温焦炉煤气均相脱硫的研究[J].燃料化学学报,2003,31(5):485.(TANG Hui-qing,LIU Jun-li,GUO Zhan-cheng.Homogenous desulfurization of high-temperature coke oven gas by use of lead oxide additive[J].J Fuel Chem Technol,2003,31(5):485.)
[17]那树人.炼铁计算[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,2005.(NA Shu-ren.Ironmaking Calculation[M].Beijing:Metallurgical Industry Press,2005.)
[18]王筱留.炼铁学[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,2000.(WANG Xiao-liu.Ironmaking Science[M].Beijing:Metallurgical Industry Press,2000.)
[19]周亮,刘克明,沙永志.高炉喷吹焦炉煤气置换比的计算[J].钢铁研究学报,2013,25(5):19.(ZHOU Liang,LIU Ke-ming,SHA Yong-zhi.Calculation of replacement ratio of injecting coke oven gas into blast furnace[J].Journal of Iron and Steel Research,2013,25(5):19.)