单晶ZnO纳米弹簧压电性能的仿真研究
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摘要
ZnO作为一种重要的压电半导体材料,在传感器、执行器、能量捕获及储能等压电电子学和压电光电子学领域发挥着关键作用。单晶ZnO纳米弹簧是诸多ZnO的纳米结构之一。为了解ZnO不同纳米弹簧中的压电电势,通过仿真软件建立了一系列基于无形变单晶ZnO纳米弹簧的仿真模型,比较了ZnO纳米弹簧与纳米线在相同长度内的压电电势和位移,分析了匝数、ZnO纳米螺旋的主要半径对压电电势分布和位移的影响:相同长度的ZnO纳米弹簧和纳米线在相同力作用下,分别获得约6.4 nm和0.02 nm的位移;随着匝数的增加,ZnO纳米弹簧的压电电势从0.26 V增加到1.80 V,位移从2.9 nm增加到8.2 nm。结果表明:ZnO纳米弹簧较纳米线具有更为突出的压电特性,是制备如纳米发电机、执行器和纳米传感器等压电纳米器件的理想材料。
As an important piezoelectric semiconductor material,ZnO plays a key role in piezoelectric electronics and piezoelectric optoelectronics such as sensors,actuators,energy capture and energy storage.Single crystal ZnO nanosprings are one of many nanostructures of ZnO.In order to understand the piezoelectric potential in different nano-springs of ZnO,a series of simulation models based on undeformed single crystal ZnO nanosprings were established by simulation software.The piezoelectric potential and displacement of ZnO nanosprings and nanowires in the same length were compared.The influence of the major radius of the ZnO nanohelix on the piezoelectric potential distribution and displacement was analyzed.Under the same condition,the ZnO nanosprings and nanowires were displaced by about 6.4 nm and 0.02 nm,respectively.With increasing number of the turns,the piezoelectric potential of the ZnO nanospring increases from 0.26 V to 1.80 V,and the displacement increases from 2.9 nm to 8.2 nm.The results show that ZnO nanosprings have more prominent piezoelectric properties than nanowire counterparts,which makes it the ideal material for the fabrication of piezoelectric nanodevices such as nanogenerators,actuators and nanosensors.
As an important piezoelectric semiconductor material,ZnO plays a key role in piezoelectric electronics and piezoelectric optoelectronics such as sensors,actuators,energy capture and energy storage.Single crystal ZnO nanosprings are one of many nanostructures of ZnO.In order to understand the piezoelectric potential in different nano-springs of ZnO,a series of simulation models based on undeformed single crystal ZnO nanosprings were established by simulation software.The piezoelectric potential and displacement of ZnO nanosprings and nanowires in the same length were compared.The influence of the major radius of the ZnO nanohelix on the piezoelectric potential distribution and displacement was analyzed.Under the same condition,the ZnO nanosprings and nanowires were displaced by about 6.4 nm and 0.02 nm,respectively.With increasing number of the turns,the piezoelectric potential of the ZnO nanospring increases from 0.26 V to 1.80 V,and the displacement increases from 2.9 nm to 8.2 nm.The results show that ZnO nanosprings have more prominent piezoelectric properties than nanowire counterparts,which makes it the ideal material for the fabrication of piezoelectric nanodevices such as nanogenerators,actuators and nanosensors.
引文
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[3]Kong X Y,Ding Y,Yang R,et al.Single-crystal nanorings formed by epitaxial self-coiling of polar nanobelts [J].Science,2004,303:1348-1351.
[4]Yang R S,Ding Y,Wang Z L.Deformation-free single-crystal nanohelixes of polar nanowires [J].Nano Letters,2004,4(7):1309-1312.
[5]Gao Y F,Wang Z L.Electrostatic potential in a bent piezoelectric nanowire.The fundamental theory of nanogenerator and nanopiezotronics [J].Nano Letters,2007,7(8):2499-2505.
[6]Gao P X,Mai W J,Wang Z L.Superelasticity and nanofracture mechanics of ZnO nanohelices [J].Nano Letters,2006,6(1):2536-2543.
[7]COMSOL multiphysics availableonline [EB/OL].(2016-06-10)[2019-03-07].https://www.comsol.com/model/piezoelectric-shear-actuated-beam-24.
[8]Hjelmstad K D.Fundamental of structural mechanics [M].Boston,MA:Springer,2004:252-256.