居民自发更新视角下的北京胡同绿色空间微更新研究——大栅栏片区的探索
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摘要
北京旧城胡同具有悠久的绿色空间营造传统,而社区居民作为绿色空间更新的主体,拥有极大的自发性和能动性。随着北京"留白增绿"等政策的推进,基于居民自发更新的"自下而上"的绿色空间微更新越来越得到重视,充分发挥居民自发性对于社区生活原真性留存、景观管理和维护、社区力量凝聚具有重要意义。首先梳理大栅栏片区社区营造的组织形式发展过程,分析现存胡同绿色空间的类型与组织模式,阐明更新过程中面临的诸多挑战。之后结合实地调研成果重点分析居民自发更新下胡同种植空间、搭建材料与植物选择的特征。最后,结合具体实例从组织形式、绿化模式和思路创新3个方面探讨居民自发更新视角下的胡同绿色微更新的实现途径,总结绿色空间微更新的经验。
Beijing old city hutong has a long tradition of green space construction. As the main body of green space renewal, community residents have great spontaneity and initiative in this respect. As the government promotes the policy of "reserving open space and increasing green area" in the city, the "bottom-up" micro-renewal of green space based on residents' spontaneous renewal has been getting more and more attention. Giving full play to the residents' spontaneity is of great significance to the preservation of the authenticity of community life, landscape management and maintenance, community strength cohesion. This paper firstly sorts out the development process of the community organization form in Dashilar area, analyzes the types and organization patterns of the existing hutong green space, and expounds the challenges faced in the renewal process. Then, with field research results,it analyzes the characteristics of the planting space, construction materials and plant selection in hutong under residents' spontaneous renewal. Finally, with specific cases, it discusses the ways of realizing green micro-renewal in hutong under the residents' spontaneous renewal perspective in terms of organizational forms, greening modes and thought innovation, and summarizes the green space micro-renewal experience.
Beijing old city hutong has a long tradition of green space construction. As the main body of green space renewal, community residents have great spontaneity and initiative in this respect. As the government promotes the policy of "reserving open space and increasing green area" in the city, the "bottom-up" micro-renewal of green space based on residents' spontaneous renewal has been getting more and more attention. Giving full play to the residents' spontaneity is of great significance to the preservation of the authenticity of community life, landscape management and maintenance, community strength cohesion. This paper firstly sorts out the development process of the community organization form in Dashilar area, analyzes the types and organization patterns of the existing hutong green space, and expounds the challenges faced in the renewal process. Then, with field research results,it analyzes the characteristics of the planting space, construction materials and plant selection in hutong under residents' spontaneous renewal. Finally, with specific cases, it discusses the ways of realizing green micro-renewal in hutong under the residents' spontaneous renewal perspective in terms of organizational forms, greening modes and thought innovation, and summarizes the green space micro-renewal experience.
引文
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[12]刘悦来,尹科娈,葛佳佳.公众参与、协同共享、日臻完善:上海社区花园系列空间微更新实验[J].西部人居环境学刊,2018,33(4):8-12.
[13]谢晓英.北京杨梅竹斜街环境更新及夹道公共空间营造项目[J].风景园林,2018,25(4):66-69.
[14]谢晓英,童岩,黄海涛,等.安住·平民花园[J].设计,2016(12):48-53.
[2]刘蔓靓.北京旧城传统居住街区小规模渐进式有机更新模式研究[D].北京:清华大学,2006.
[3]陈晓虹.日常生活视角下旧城复兴设计策略研究[D].广州:华南理工大学,2014.
[4]侯晓蕾,郭巍.北京旧城公共空间的景观再生策略研究[J].风景园林,2017(6):42-48.
[5]谢潇萌,尹豪.城市居民自发性户外园艺活动特征研究:以北京为例[J].风景园林,2017(9):29-35.
[6]梁肖月,罗家德.大栅栏街道社区自组织培育历程研究[J].城市建筑,2018(25):24-27.
[7]侯晓蕾,郭巍.社区微更新:北京老城公共空间的设计介入途径探讨[J].风景园林,2018,25(4):41-47.
[8]徐勤政,何永,甘霖,等.从城市体检到街区诊断:大栅栏城市更新调研[J].北京规划建设,2018(2):142-148.
[9]贾蓉.基于城市策展视角的历史街区跨界复兴:以大栅栏更新计划为例[J].装饰,2017(5):38-44.
[10]大栅栏官网.大栅栏实施主体[EB/OL].(2013-12-19)[2019-04-08]. http://www.dashilar.org/.
[11]宋若尘,张向宁.口袋公园在城市旧社区公共空间微更新中的应用策略研究[J].建筑与文化,2018(11):139-141.
[12]刘悦来,尹科娈,葛佳佳.公众参与、协同共享、日臻完善:上海社区花园系列空间微更新实验[J].西部人居环境学刊,2018,33(4):8-12.
[13]谢晓英.北京杨梅竹斜街环境更新及夹道公共空间营造项目[J].风景园林,2018,25(4):66-69.
[14]谢晓英,童岩,黄海涛,等.安住·平民花园[J].设计,2016(12):48-53.
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