中国进口LNG产业分析及展望
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摘要
2017年以来,我国天然气市场迎来快速增长,中国进口LNG产业也正处于快速发展期,作为一个主力气源,保供调峰作用突出、基础设施不断完善。同时一些问题也逐渐暴露,包括基础设施布局不均,配套储运设施不足、调峰能力受限,互联互通欠缺,液态运输方式单一,LNG采购价格较高,产业链上下游价格联动机制缺乏,等等。为实现持续我国进口LNG产业的健康发展,建议多管齐下,共同发力。全面推动基础设施建设,加强互联互通;推动液态运输方式多元化,进行多式联运;评估现行长协条款,提高资源采购议价能力;推出上下游价格联动机制,共同承担上游风险。
Since 2017, China's natural gas market has witnessed a rapid growth and China's imported LNG industry is also in a period of rapid development. As a main source of gas, imported LNG guaranteed the peak-shaving with the increasingly good infrastructures. At the same time, some problems including uneven layout of infrastructure, inadequate storage and transportation facilities, limited peaking capacity, insufficient interconnection, single liquid transportation mode,high LNG procurement price, and lack of price linkage mechanism between upstream and downstream of the industry chain are gradually exposed. In order to achieve the healthy development of China's imported LNG industry, it is recommended to take a multi-pronged approaches and cooperate together, comprehensively promote infrastructure construction, strengthen connectivity; promote diversification of liquid transportation methods, conduct multimodal transportation; review the terms of the long-term agreements, and improve the bargaining power of resource procurement; and launch upstream and downstream price linkage mechanism to jointly undertake upstream risks.
Since 2017, China's natural gas market has witnessed a rapid growth and China's imported LNG industry is also in a period of rapid development. As a main source of gas, imported LNG guaranteed the peak-shaving with the increasingly good infrastructures. At the same time, some problems including uneven layout of infrastructure, inadequate storage and transportation facilities, limited peaking capacity, insufficient interconnection, single liquid transportation mode,high LNG procurement price, and lack of price linkage mechanism between upstream and downstream of the industry chain are gradually exposed. In order to achieve the healthy development of China's imported LNG industry, it is recommended to take a multi-pronged approaches and cooperate together, comprehensively promote infrastructure construction, strengthen connectivity; promote diversification of liquid transportation methods, conduct multimodal transportation; review the terms of the long-term agreements, and improve the bargaining power of resource procurement; and launch upstream and downstream price linkage mechanism to jointly undertake upstream risks.
引文
[1]郑洪弢,马俊,金羽翔.中美贸易摩擦对双方LNG贸易中长期合作的影响[J].国际石油经济,2018(9):4.
[2]国家能源局石油天然气司,国务院发展研究中心资源与环境政策研究所,国土资源部油气资源战略研究中心.中国天然气发展报告2018[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2018:20.
[2]国家能源局石油天然气司,国务院发展研究中心资源与环境政策研究所,国土资源部油气资源战略研究中心.中国天然气发展报告2018[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2018:20.