盐岩损伤自愈合特性研究综述
|
摘要
盐岩具有渗透率低、延展性高、蠕变特性好以及损伤自愈合等特性,已经成为国内外公认的地下石油天然气储库以及储存放射性废料最理想的储存介质之一。盐岩损伤自愈合作为盐岩损伤演化重要的一部分,对储库开采扰动区盐岩力学稳定性以及渗透性具有重要影响。从发生机制、影响因素、本构模型等方面综述了国内外盐岩损伤自愈合研究进展,总结了国内盐岩损伤自愈合研究成果。盐岩损伤自愈合主要机制包括压力闭合、表面能驱动下的扩散效应以及盐岩内部晶体再结晶作用。影响盐岩损伤自愈合特性的主要因素有压力、温度、初始损伤、湿度、化学环境等。对考虑盐岩损伤自愈合特性的MDCF模型以及Lux/Hou模型作了简要介绍。最后指出了我国含杂质层状盐岩损伤自愈合特性值得关注的几个重点研究方向。
Rock salt has been recognized as a highly suitable medium for geological storage of oil, gas and radioactive wastes because of its low-permeability, high-ductility, low-creep strength and capacity for self-healing. The self-healing of damage, as a significant part of damage evolution of rock salt, has important influence on the stability and permeability of rock salt in excavation disturbed zone(EDZ). The research progress of damage self-healing property of rock salt is summarized from the aspects of mechanism, influencing factors and constitutive models, and the research advances in damage self-healing property of rock salt in China are summarized. In the EDZ, damage healing can occur under three different mechanisms: mechanical closure, diffusive healing driven by surface energy reduction and healing by recrystallization. The major factors that may affect crack healing are stress, temperature, initial damage, humidity, chemical environment and so on. The MDCF model and the Lux/Hou model which consider the self-healing characteristics of salt rock damage are introduced. Furthermore, several key research directions on the damage self-healing of layered salt rock in China are put forward.
Rock salt has been recognized as a highly suitable medium for geological storage of oil, gas and radioactive wastes because of its low-permeability, high-ductility, low-creep strength and capacity for self-healing. The self-healing of damage, as a significant part of damage evolution of rock salt, has important influence on the stability and permeability of rock salt in excavation disturbed zone(EDZ). The research progress of damage self-healing property of rock salt is summarized from the aspects of mechanism, influencing factors and constitutive models, and the research advances in damage self-healing property of rock salt in China are summarized. In the EDZ, damage healing can occur under three different mechanisms: mechanical closure, diffusive healing driven by surface energy reduction and healing by recrystallization. The major factors that may affect crack healing are stress, temperature, initial damage, humidity, chemical environment and so on. The MDCF model and the Lux/Hou model which consider the self-healing characteristics of salt rock damage are introduced. Furthermore, several key research directions on the damage self-healing of layered salt rock in China are put forward.
引文
[1]刘新荣,钟祖良.用于核废料处理的岩盐溶腔力学特性[J].重庆大学学报(自然科学版),2007,30(10):77-81+91.LIU Xin-rong,ZHONG Zu-liang.Mechanical behavior of rock salt cavern for radioactive waste disposal[J].Journal of Chongqing University(Natural Science Edition),2007,30(10):77-81+91.
[2]梁卫国,赵阳升,徐素国,等.盐岩矿床内油气储备和核废料处置[J].太原理工大学学报,2005,36(4):440-443.LIANG Wei-guo,ZHAO Yang-sheng,XU Su-guo,et al.Study on oil and gas storage and nuclear waste disposal in rock salt deposits[J].Journal of Taiyuan University of Technology,2005,36(4):440-443.
[3]LüDELING C,GüNTHER R M,KNAUTH M,et al.Healing of rock salt damage and applications[C]//49th U.S.Rock Mechanics/Geomechanics Symposium.San Francisco:[s.n.],2015:1836-1843.
[4]ZHU C,ARSON C.A model of damage and healing coupling halite thermo-mechanical behavior to microstructure evolution[J].Geotechnical and Geological Engineering,2014,33(2):389-410.
[5]TSANG C F,BERNIER F,DAVIES C.Geohydromechanical processes in the excavation damaged zone in crystalline rock,rock salt,and indurated and plastic clays-in the context of radioactive waste disposal[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2005,42(1):109-125.
[6]LIU WEI,CHEN JIE,JIANG DEYI,et al.Tightness and suitability evaluation of abandoned salt caverns served as hydrocarbon energies storage under adverse geological conditions(AGC)[J].Applied Energy,2016,178(1):703-720.
[7]刘伟,李银平,杨春和,等.层状盐岩能源储库典型夹层渗透特性及其密闭性能研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2014,33(3):500-506.LIU Wei,LI Yin-ping,YANG Chun-he,et al.Investigation on permeable characteristics and tightness evaluation of typical interlayers of energy storage cavers in bedded salt rock formation[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2014,33(3):500-506.
[8]郝铁生,耿毅德,陈跃都.含脆硬夹层盐岩力学特性试验研究[J].岩土力学,2017,38(11):3119-3126.HAO Tie-sheng,GENG Yi-de,CHEN Yue-du.Experimental investigation on mechanical behaviors of salt rock containing brittle-hard interlayers[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2017,38(11):3119-3126.
[9]李银平,孔庆聪,施锡林,等.盐穴地下储库地表沉降的黏弹模型及应用[J].岩土力学,2017,38(7):2049-2058.LI Yin-ping,KONG Qing-cong,SHI Xi-lin,et al.Viscoelastic model of surface subsidence of salt cavern storage and its application[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2017,38(7):2049-2058.
[10]刘伟,MUHAMMAD Nawaz,李银平,等.盐岩渗透特性的试验研究及其在深部储气库中的应用[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2014,33(10):1953-1961.LIU Wei,MUHAMMAD Nawaz,LI Yin-ping,et al.Experimental study of permeability of salt rock and its application to deep underground gas storage[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2015,33(10):1953-1961.
[11]陈祥胜,李银平,尹洪武,等.多夹层盐矿地下储气库气体渗漏评价方法[J].岩土力学,2018,39(1):11-20.CHEN Xiang-sheng,LI Yin-ping,YIN Hong-wu,et al.Gas leakage assessment method of underground gas storage in multi-interlayer salt mine[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2018,39(1):11-20.
[12]BEREST P,BROUARD B.Safety of salt caverns used for underground storage-blow out,mechanical instability,seepage,cavern abandonment[J].Oil&Gas Science and Technology,2003,58(3):361-384.
[13]徐杨梦迪,刘建锋,徐慧宁,等.含杂质盐岩加载全过程的渗透试验研究[J].岩土力学,2017,38(增刊1):402-408.XU Yang-meng-di,LIU Jian-feng,XU Hui-ning,et al.Experimental study of permeability of salt rock with impurities in whole process of loading[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2017,38(Supp.1):402-408.
[14]杨春和,李银平,屈丹安,等.层状盐岩力学特性研究进展[J].力学进展,2008,38(4):484-494.YANG Chun-he,LI Yin-ping,QU Dan-an,et al.Advances in researches of the mechanical behaviors of bedded salt rocks[J].Advances in Mechanics,2008,38(4):484-494.
[15]李浩然,杨春和,李佰林,等.三轴多级荷载下盐岩声波声发射特征与损伤演化规律研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2016,35(4):682-691.LI Hao-ran,YANG Chun-he,LI Bai-lin,et al.Damage evolution and characteristics of ultrasonic velocity and acoustic emission for salt rock under triaxial multilevel loading test[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2016,35(4):682-691.
[16]姜德义,范金洋,陈结,等.盐岩的压剪疲劳特性与位错损伤研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2015,34(5):895-906.JIANG De-yi,FAN Jin-yang,CHEN Jie,et al.Compression-shear fatigue and dislocation damage of salt rock[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2015,34(5):895-906.
[17]王雷.盐岩剪切损伤自愈合试验研究[D].重庆:重庆大学,2014.WANG Lei.Experimental study on shear damage and self-healing of salt rock[D].Chongqing:Chongqing University,2014.
[18]刘剑兴.岩盐损伤愈合宏、细观特征研究[D].重庆:重庆大学,2015.LIU Jian-xing.The macro-and meso-scopic characteristics study on damage healing of salt rock[D].Chongqing:Chongqing University,2015.
[19]WOLTERS R,LUX K H,DUSTERLOH U.Evaluation of rock salt barriers with respect to tightness:influence of thermomechanical damage,fluid infiltration and sealing/healing[C]//Proceedings of 7th Conference on Mechanical Behavior of Salt.Paris:[s.n.],2012:425-434.
[20]KISHIDAA K,YANO T,YASUHARA H.Healing and shear stress reduction of rock salt single fracture under slide-hold-slide direct shear experiments[C]//ISRMRegional Symposium-7th Asian Rock Mechanics Symposium.Seoul:[s.n.],2012.
[21]STUHRENBERG D,SCHULZE O.Porosity and permeability of crushed and damaged rock salt during compaction[C]//Proceedings of 7th Conference on Mechanical Behavior of Salt.Paris:[s.n.],2012:275-282.
[22]RENARD F,BEAUPRETRE S,VOISIN C,et al.Strength evolution of a reactive frictional interface is controlled by the dynamics of contacts and chemical effects[J].Earth and Planetary Science Letters,2012,341:20-34.
[23]VOYIADJIS G Z,SHOJAEI A,LI G,et al.Continuum damage-healing mechanics with introduction to new healing variables[J].International Journal of Damage Mechanics,2011,21(3):391-414.
[24]PAULA J KOELEMEIJER,COLIN J PEACH,CHRISTOPHER J SPIERS.Surface diffusivity of cleaved NaCl crystals as a function of humidity:impedance spectroscopy measurements and implications for crack healing in rock salt[J].Journal of Geophysical Research:Solid Earth,2012,117(B1):149-157.
[25]HOUBEN M E,HOVE TEN A,PEACH C J,et al.Crack healing in rocksalt via diffusion in adsorbed aqueous films:microphysical modelling versus experiments[J].Physics and Chemistry of the Earth,2013,64:95-104.
[26]CHEN D L,WEISS B,STICKLER R.A model for crack closure[J].Engineering Fracture Mechanics,1996,53(4):493-509.
[27]MIAO SHUKE,WANG MING L,SCHREYERHOWARD L.Constitutive models for healing of materials with application to compaction of crushed rock salt[J].Journal of Engineering Mechanics,1995,121(10):359-371.
[28]WAWERSIK L S,COSTIN W R.Creep healing of fractures in rock salt[J].Geosciences,1980,17(7):71-74.
[29]GRATIER J P.Fault permeability and strength evolution related to fracturing and healing episodic processes(years to millennia):the role of pressure solution[J].Oil&Gas Science and Technology,2011,66(3):491-506.
[30]NIEMEIJER A,MARONE C,ELSWORTH D.Healing of simulated fault gouges aided by pressure solution:results from rock analogue experiments[J].Journal of Geophysical Research:Solid Earth,2008,113(B4):1015-1029.
[31]YASUHARA H,MARONE C,ELSWORTH D.Fault zone restrengthening and frictional healing:the role of pressure solution[J].Journal of Geophysical Research:Solid Earth,2005,110(B6):1011-1029.
[32]ZUBTSOV SERGEY,RENARD FRAN?OIS,GRATIERJEAN PIERRE,et al.Experimental pressure solution compaction of synthetic halite/calcite aggregates[J].Tectonophysics,2004,385(s 1-4):45-57.
[33]RENARD F,GRATIER J P,JAMTVEIT B.Kinetics of crack-sealing,intergranular pressure solution,and compaction around active faults[J].Journal of Structural Geology,2000,22(10):1395-1407.
[34]WOLFGANG K HEIDUG.A thermodynamic analysis of the conditions of equilibrium at non-hydrostatically stressed and curved solid-fluid interfaces[J].Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres,1991,96(B13):21909-21921.
[35]CINAR Y,PUSCH G,REITENBACH V.Petrophysical and capillary properties of compacted salt[J].Transport in Porous Media,2006,64(2):199-228.
[36]SPIERS C J,SCHUTJENS P M T M.Intergranular pressure solution in NaCl:grain-to-grain contact experiments under the optical microscope[J].Oil&Gas Science&Technology,1999,54(6):729-750.
[37]SALZER K,POPP I,BOHMEL H.Mechanical and permeability properties of highly pre-compacted granular salt bricks[M]//Mechanical Behavior of SaltUnderstanding of THMC Processes in Salt.London:Taylor&Francis Ltd.,2007:239-248.
[38]CHEN JIE,REN SONG,YANG CHUNHE,et al.Self-healing characteristics of damaged rock salt under different healing conditions[J].Materials,2013,6(8):3438-3450.
[39]PEACH C J,SPIERS C J,TRIMBY P W.Effect of confining pressure on dilatation,recrystallization and flow of rocksalt at 150°C[J].Journal of Geophysical Research:Solid Earth,2001,106(B7):13315-13328.
[40]MARTYN R DRURY,JANOS L URAI.Deformationrelated recrystallization process[J].Tectonophysics,1990,172(3-4):235-253.
[41]JANOS L URAI,CHRISTOPHER J SPIERS,ZWART,et al.Weakening of rock salt by water during long-term creep[J].Nature,1986,324(6097):554-557.
[42]SCHENK O,URAI J L.Microstructural evolution and grain boundary structure during static recrystallization in synthetic polycrystals of sodium chloride containing saturated brine[J].Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology,2004,146(6):671-682.
[43]CHAO LUNG HWANG,WANG MINGLIANG,MIAOSHUKE.Proposed healing and consolidation mechanisms of rock salt revealed by ESEM[J].Microscopy Research&Technique,1993,25(5-6):456-64.
[44]SCHENK O,URAI J L,PIAZOLO S.Structure of grain boundaries in wet,synthetic polycrystalline,statically recrystallizing halite-evidence from cryo-SEMobservations[J].Geofluids,2006,6(1):93-104.
[45]DESBOIS GUILLAUME,URAI JANOS L,KUKLAPETER A,et al.Distribution of brine in grain boundaries during static recrystallization in wet,synthetic halite:insight from broad ion beam sectioning and SEMobservation at cryogenic temperature[J].Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology,2012,163(1):19-31.
[46]DESBOIS G,URAI J L,DE BRESSER J H P.Fluid distribution in grain boundaries of natural fine-grained rock salt deformed at low differential stress(Qom Kuh salt fountain,central iran):implications for rheology and transport properties[J].Journal of Structural Geology,2012,43:128-143.
[47]BRODSKY N S.Thermomechanical damage recovery parameters for rocksalt from the waste isolation pilot plant[M].Brookfield:A.A.Balkema,1994:731-738.
[48]CHAN K S,BODNER S R,FOSSUM A F,et al.Constitutive representation of damage development and healing in WIPP salt[J].International Journal of Plasticity,1994,10:623-642.
[49]CHAN KWAI S,BODNER SOL R,MUNSONDARRELL E.Permeability of WIPP salt during damage evolution and healing[J].International Journal of Damage Mechanics,2001,10(3):347-375.
[50]CHAN K S,FOSSUM A F,MUNSON D E.Fracture and healing of rock salt related to salt caverns[C]//Spring Meeting:Solution Mining Research Institute.Las Vegas:[s.n.],1999.
[51]FUENKAJORN KITTITEP.Healing of fractures in rock salt[J].Suranaree Journal of Science and Technology,2006,13(4):307-316.
[52]SCHULZE O.Investigations on damage and healing of rock salt[M]//Hardy,Mechanical Behavior of SaltUnderstanding of THMC Processes in Salt.London:Taylor&Francis Ltd.,2007:33-43.
[53]HOU Z M.Mechanical and hydraulic behavior of rock salt in the excavation disturbed zone around underground facilities[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2003,40(5):725-738.
[54]LUX K H,EBERTH S.Fundamentals and first application of a new healing model for rock salt[M]//Mechanical Behavior of Salt-Understanding of THMCProcesses in Salt.London:Taylor&Francis Ltd.,2007:129-138.
[55]FUENKAJORN K,PHUEAKPHUM D,JANDAKAEWM.Healing of rock salt fractures[C]//Proceedings of the38th Symposium Engineering Geology and Geotechnical Engineering:Bridge between Theory and Practice.Pocatello:[s.n.],2003:393-408.
[56]DUSTERLOH U,LUX K H.Impact of lab tests on rock salt for an economical optimization of salt caverns[C]//Proceedings of 7th Conference on Mechanical Behavior of Salt.Paris:[s.n.],2012:343-352.
[57]BRODSKY N S.Crack closure and healing studies in WIPP(waste isolation pilot plant)salt using compressional wave velocity and attenuation measurements:test methods and results[C]//Sandia National Laboratories.Albuquerque:[s.n.],1990.
[58]PFEIFLE T W,HURTADO L D.Permeability of natural rock salt from the waste isolation pilot plant(WIPP)during damage evolution and healing[J].Office of Scientific&Technical Information Technical Reports,1998,35(4):637-638.
[59]FUENKAJORN KITTITEP,PHUEAKPHUM DECHO.Laboratory assessment of healing of fractures in rock salt[J].Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment,2011,70(4):665-672.
[60]任松,白月明,姜德义,等.温度对盐岩疲劳特性影响的试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2012,31(9):1839-1845.REN Song,BAI Yue-ming,JIANG De-yi,et al.Experimental study of temperature effect on fatigue property of salt rock[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2012,31(9):1839-1845.
[61]陈剑文,杨春和,冒海军.升温过程中盐岩动力特性实验研究[J].岩土力学,2007,28(2):231-236.CHEN Jian-wen,YANG Chun-he,MAO Hai-jun.Experimental research on dynamical properties of rock salt during rising temperature[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2007,28(2):231-236.
[62]高小平,杨春和,吴文,等.温度效应对盐岩力学特性影响的试验研究[J].岩土力学,2005,26(11):84-87.GAO Xiao-ping,YANG Chun-he,WU Wen,et al.Experimental studies on temperature effect of mechanical properties of rock salt[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2005,26(11):84-87.
[63]梁卫国,赵阳升,徐素国.240℃内盐岩物理力学特性的实验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(14):2365-2369.LIANG Wei-guo,ZHAO Yang-sheng,XU Su-guo.Testing study on physical and mechanical properties of heated salt rock within 240℃[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2004,23(14):2365-2369.
[64]DüSTERLOH UWE,LERCHE SVETLANA,LUXKARL-HEINZ.Damage and healing properties of rock salt:long-term cyclic loading tests and numerical back analysis[C]//Geomechanics and Geoengineering.[S.l.]:Springer,2013:341-362.
[65]CHEN JIE,JIANG DEYI,REN SONG,et al.Comparison of the characteristics of rock salt exposed to loading and unloading of confining pressures[J].Acta Geotechnica,2016,11(1):221-230.
[66]CHEN J,DU C,JIANG D Y,et al.The mechanical properties of rock salt under cyclic loading-unloading experiments[J].Geomechanics and Engineering,2016,10(3):325-334.
[67]陈结.含夹层盐穴建腔期围岩损伤灾变诱发机理及减灾原理研究[D].重庆:重庆大学,2012.CHEN Jie.Catastrophic mechanism induced by damaged surrounding rock and mitigation principle during bedded salt cavern construction period[D].Chongqing:Chongqing University,2012.
[68]CHAN K S,BODNER S R,MUNSON D E,et al.Application of isochronous healing curves in predicting damage evolution in a salt structure[J].International Journal of Damage Mechanics,2000,9(2):130-153.
[69]CHAN K S,BODNER S R,MUNSON D E.Recovery and healing of damage in WIPP salt[J].International Journal of Damage Mechanics,1998,7(2):143-166.
[70]CHAN K S,BODNER S R,MUNSON D E,et al.Aconstitutive model for representing coupled creep,fracture,and healing in rock salt[C]//Conference on the Mechanical Behavior of Salt.Montreal:[s.n.],1996:221-234.
[71]LUX K H.Design of salt caverns for the storage of natural gas,crude oil and compressed air:geomechanical aspects of construction,operation and abandonment[M].London:Special Publications,2009,313(1):93-128.
[72]LUX LUX K H,DUESTERLOH U,BERTRAM J.Final report on the BMBF research project 02 C 0092 2[R]//Professorship of Landfill Technology.Clausthal:Clausthal University,1997.
[73]HOU Z M.Investigations to prove the stability for underground storage in the salt marshes[D].Clausthal:Clausthal University,1997.
[74]马旭强,施锡林,尹洪武,等.三轴压缩下含夹层盐岩破坏机制[J].岩土力学,2018,39(2):644-650.MA Xu-qiang,SHI Xi-lin,YIN Hong-wu,et al.Failure mechanisms of salt rock with an interlayer under triaxial compression[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2018,39(2):644-650.
[75]刘迪,周宏伟,赵阳,等.基于声发射特征的盐岩蠕变本构模型研究[J].岩土力学,2017,38(7):1951-1958.LIU Di,ZHOU Hong-wei,ZHAO Yang,et al.Study of creep constitutive model of rock salt based on acoustic emission characteristics[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2017,38(2):1951-1958.
[76]姜德义,王雷,陈结,等.损伤盐岩短期自恢复特性试验研究[J].岩土工程学报,2015,37(4):594-600.JIANG De-yi,WANG Lei,CHEN Jie,et al.Experimental research on properties of short-term self-recovery of damaged salt rock[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2015,37(4):594-600.
[77]陈结,刘剑兴,姜德义,等.围压作用下盐岩应变与损伤恢复试验研究[J].岩土力学,2016,37(1):105-112.CHEN Jie,LIU Jian-xing,JIANG De-yi,et al.An experimental study of strain and damage recovery of salt rock under confining pressures[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2016,37(1):105-112.
[78]梁卫国,徐素国,赵阳升.损伤岩盐高温再结晶剪切特性的试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(20):3413-3417.LIANG Wei-guo,XU Su-guo,ZHAO Yang-sheng.Experimental study on heating recrystallization effect on shear characteristics of damaged rock salt[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2004,23(20):3413-3417.
[79]陈结,王雷,姜德义,等.盐岩剪切损伤自恢复特性试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2015,34(增刊1):2929-2935.CHEN Jie,WANG Lei,JIANG De-yi,et al.Rock salt damage and self recovery characteristics under shear experiment[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2015,34(Supp.1):2929-2935.
[2]梁卫国,赵阳升,徐素国,等.盐岩矿床内油气储备和核废料处置[J].太原理工大学学报,2005,36(4):440-443.LIANG Wei-guo,ZHAO Yang-sheng,XU Su-guo,et al.Study on oil and gas storage and nuclear waste disposal in rock salt deposits[J].Journal of Taiyuan University of Technology,2005,36(4):440-443.
[3]LüDELING C,GüNTHER R M,KNAUTH M,et al.Healing of rock salt damage and applications[C]//49th U.S.Rock Mechanics/Geomechanics Symposium.San Francisco:[s.n.],2015:1836-1843.
[4]ZHU C,ARSON C.A model of damage and healing coupling halite thermo-mechanical behavior to microstructure evolution[J].Geotechnical and Geological Engineering,2014,33(2):389-410.
[5]TSANG C F,BERNIER F,DAVIES C.Geohydromechanical processes in the excavation damaged zone in crystalline rock,rock salt,and indurated and plastic clays-in the context of radioactive waste disposal[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2005,42(1):109-125.
[6]LIU WEI,CHEN JIE,JIANG DEYI,et al.Tightness and suitability evaluation of abandoned salt caverns served as hydrocarbon energies storage under adverse geological conditions(AGC)[J].Applied Energy,2016,178(1):703-720.
[7]刘伟,李银平,杨春和,等.层状盐岩能源储库典型夹层渗透特性及其密闭性能研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2014,33(3):500-506.LIU Wei,LI Yin-ping,YANG Chun-he,et al.Investigation on permeable characteristics and tightness evaluation of typical interlayers of energy storage cavers in bedded salt rock formation[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2014,33(3):500-506.
[8]郝铁生,耿毅德,陈跃都.含脆硬夹层盐岩力学特性试验研究[J].岩土力学,2017,38(11):3119-3126.HAO Tie-sheng,GENG Yi-de,CHEN Yue-du.Experimental investigation on mechanical behaviors of salt rock containing brittle-hard interlayers[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2017,38(11):3119-3126.
[9]李银平,孔庆聪,施锡林,等.盐穴地下储库地表沉降的黏弹模型及应用[J].岩土力学,2017,38(7):2049-2058.LI Yin-ping,KONG Qing-cong,SHI Xi-lin,et al.Viscoelastic model of surface subsidence of salt cavern storage and its application[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2017,38(7):2049-2058.
[10]刘伟,MUHAMMAD Nawaz,李银平,等.盐岩渗透特性的试验研究及其在深部储气库中的应用[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2014,33(10):1953-1961.LIU Wei,MUHAMMAD Nawaz,LI Yin-ping,et al.Experimental study of permeability of salt rock and its application to deep underground gas storage[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2015,33(10):1953-1961.
[11]陈祥胜,李银平,尹洪武,等.多夹层盐矿地下储气库气体渗漏评价方法[J].岩土力学,2018,39(1):11-20.CHEN Xiang-sheng,LI Yin-ping,YIN Hong-wu,et al.Gas leakage assessment method of underground gas storage in multi-interlayer salt mine[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2018,39(1):11-20.
[12]BEREST P,BROUARD B.Safety of salt caverns used for underground storage-blow out,mechanical instability,seepage,cavern abandonment[J].Oil&Gas Science and Technology,2003,58(3):361-384.
[13]徐杨梦迪,刘建锋,徐慧宁,等.含杂质盐岩加载全过程的渗透试验研究[J].岩土力学,2017,38(增刊1):402-408.XU Yang-meng-di,LIU Jian-feng,XU Hui-ning,et al.Experimental study of permeability of salt rock with impurities in whole process of loading[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2017,38(Supp.1):402-408.
[14]杨春和,李银平,屈丹安,等.层状盐岩力学特性研究进展[J].力学进展,2008,38(4):484-494.YANG Chun-he,LI Yin-ping,QU Dan-an,et al.Advances in researches of the mechanical behaviors of bedded salt rocks[J].Advances in Mechanics,2008,38(4):484-494.
[15]李浩然,杨春和,李佰林,等.三轴多级荷载下盐岩声波声发射特征与损伤演化规律研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2016,35(4):682-691.LI Hao-ran,YANG Chun-he,LI Bai-lin,et al.Damage evolution and characteristics of ultrasonic velocity and acoustic emission for salt rock under triaxial multilevel loading test[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2016,35(4):682-691.
[16]姜德义,范金洋,陈结,等.盐岩的压剪疲劳特性与位错损伤研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2015,34(5):895-906.JIANG De-yi,FAN Jin-yang,CHEN Jie,et al.Compression-shear fatigue and dislocation damage of salt rock[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2015,34(5):895-906.
[17]王雷.盐岩剪切损伤自愈合试验研究[D].重庆:重庆大学,2014.WANG Lei.Experimental study on shear damage and self-healing of salt rock[D].Chongqing:Chongqing University,2014.
[18]刘剑兴.岩盐损伤愈合宏、细观特征研究[D].重庆:重庆大学,2015.LIU Jian-xing.The macro-and meso-scopic characteristics study on damage healing of salt rock[D].Chongqing:Chongqing University,2015.
[19]WOLTERS R,LUX K H,DUSTERLOH U.Evaluation of rock salt barriers with respect to tightness:influence of thermomechanical damage,fluid infiltration and sealing/healing[C]//Proceedings of 7th Conference on Mechanical Behavior of Salt.Paris:[s.n.],2012:425-434.
[20]KISHIDAA K,YANO T,YASUHARA H.Healing and shear stress reduction of rock salt single fracture under slide-hold-slide direct shear experiments[C]//ISRMRegional Symposium-7th Asian Rock Mechanics Symposium.Seoul:[s.n.],2012.
[21]STUHRENBERG D,SCHULZE O.Porosity and permeability of crushed and damaged rock salt during compaction[C]//Proceedings of 7th Conference on Mechanical Behavior of Salt.Paris:[s.n.],2012:275-282.
[22]RENARD F,BEAUPRETRE S,VOISIN C,et al.Strength evolution of a reactive frictional interface is controlled by the dynamics of contacts and chemical effects[J].Earth and Planetary Science Letters,2012,341:20-34.
[23]VOYIADJIS G Z,SHOJAEI A,LI G,et al.Continuum damage-healing mechanics with introduction to new healing variables[J].International Journal of Damage Mechanics,2011,21(3):391-414.
[24]PAULA J KOELEMEIJER,COLIN J PEACH,CHRISTOPHER J SPIERS.Surface diffusivity of cleaved NaCl crystals as a function of humidity:impedance spectroscopy measurements and implications for crack healing in rock salt[J].Journal of Geophysical Research:Solid Earth,2012,117(B1):149-157.
[25]HOUBEN M E,HOVE TEN A,PEACH C J,et al.Crack healing in rocksalt via diffusion in adsorbed aqueous films:microphysical modelling versus experiments[J].Physics and Chemistry of the Earth,2013,64:95-104.
[26]CHEN D L,WEISS B,STICKLER R.A model for crack closure[J].Engineering Fracture Mechanics,1996,53(4):493-509.
[27]MIAO SHUKE,WANG MING L,SCHREYERHOWARD L.Constitutive models for healing of materials with application to compaction of crushed rock salt[J].Journal of Engineering Mechanics,1995,121(10):359-371.
[28]WAWERSIK L S,COSTIN W R.Creep healing of fractures in rock salt[J].Geosciences,1980,17(7):71-74.
[29]GRATIER J P.Fault permeability and strength evolution related to fracturing and healing episodic processes(years to millennia):the role of pressure solution[J].Oil&Gas Science and Technology,2011,66(3):491-506.
[30]NIEMEIJER A,MARONE C,ELSWORTH D.Healing of simulated fault gouges aided by pressure solution:results from rock analogue experiments[J].Journal of Geophysical Research:Solid Earth,2008,113(B4):1015-1029.
[31]YASUHARA H,MARONE C,ELSWORTH D.Fault zone restrengthening and frictional healing:the role of pressure solution[J].Journal of Geophysical Research:Solid Earth,2005,110(B6):1011-1029.
[32]ZUBTSOV SERGEY,RENARD FRAN?OIS,GRATIERJEAN PIERRE,et al.Experimental pressure solution compaction of synthetic halite/calcite aggregates[J].Tectonophysics,2004,385(s 1-4):45-57.
[33]RENARD F,GRATIER J P,JAMTVEIT B.Kinetics of crack-sealing,intergranular pressure solution,and compaction around active faults[J].Journal of Structural Geology,2000,22(10):1395-1407.
[34]WOLFGANG K HEIDUG.A thermodynamic analysis of the conditions of equilibrium at non-hydrostatically stressed and curved solid-fluid interfaces[J].Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres,1991,96(B13):21909-21921.
[35]CINAR Y,PUSCH G,REITENBACH V.Petrophysical and capillary properties of compacted salt[J].Transport in Porous Media,2006,64(2):199-228.
[36]SPIERS C J,SCHUTJENS P M T M.Intergranular pressure solution in NaCl:grain-to-grain contact experiments under the optical microscope[J].Oil&Gas Science&Technology,1999,54(6):729-750.
[37]SALZER K,POPP I,BOHMEL H.Mechanical and permeability properties of highly pre-compacted granular salt bricks[M]//Mechanical Behavior of SaltUnderstanding of THMC Processes in Salt.London:Taylor&Francis Ltd.,2007:239-248.
[38]CHEN JIE,REN SONG,YANG CHUNHE,et al.Self-healing characteristics of damaged rock salt under different healing conditions[J].Materials,2013,6(8):3438-3450.
[39]PEACH C J,SPIERS C J,TRIMBY P W.Effect of confining pressure on dilatation,recrystallization and flow of rocksalt at 150°C[J].Journal of Geophysical Research:Solid Earth,2001,106(B7):13315-13328.
[40]MARTYN R DRURY,JANOS L URAI.Deformationrelated recrystallization process[J].Tectonophysics,1990,172(3-4):235-253.
[41]JANOS L URAI,CHRISTOPHER J SPIERS,ZWART,et al.Weakening of rock salt by water during long-term creep[J].Nature,1986,324(6097):554-557.
[42]SCHENK O,URAI J L.Microstructural evolution and grain boundary structure during static recrystallization in synthetic polycrystals of sodium chloride containing saturated brine[J].Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology,2004,146(6):671-682.
[43]CHAO LUNG HWANG,WANG MINGLIANG,MIAOSHUKE.Proposed healing and consolidation mechanisms of rock salt revealed by ESEM[J].Microscopy Research&Technique,1993,25(5-6):456-64.
[44]SCHENK O,URAI J L,PIAZOLO S.Structure of grain boundaries in wet,synthetic polycrystalline,statically recrystallizing halite-evidence from cryo-SEMobservations[J].Geofluids,2006,6(1):93-104.
[45]DESBOIS GUILLAUME,URAI JANOS L,KUKLAPETER A,et al.Distribution of brine in grain boundaries during static recrystallization in wet,synthetic halite:insight from broad ion beam sectioning and SEMobservation at cryogenic temperature[J].Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology,2012,163(1):19-31.
[46]DESBOIS G,URAI J L,DE BRESSER J H P.Fluid distribution in grain boundaries of natural fine-grained rock salt deformed at low differential stress(Qom Kuh salt fountain,central iran):implications for rheology and transport properties[J].Journal of Structural Geology,2012,43:128-143.
[47]BRODSKY N S.Thermomechanical damage recovery parameters for rocksalt from the waste isolation pilot plant[M].Brookfield:A.A.Balkema,1994:731-738.
[48]CHAN K S,BODNER S R,FOSSUM A F,et al.Constitutive representation of damage development and healing in WIPP salt[J].International Journal of Plasticity,1994,10:623-642.
[49]CHAN KWAI S,BODNER SOL R,MUNSONDARRELL E.Permeability of WIPP salt during damage evolution and healing[J].International Journal of Damage Mechanics,2001,10(3):347-375.
[50]CHAN K S,FOSSUM A F,MUNSON D E.Fracture and healing of rock salt related to salt caverns[C]//Spring Meeting:Solution Mining Research Institute.Las Vegas:[s.n.],1999.
[51]FUENKAJORN KITTITEP.Healing of fractures in rock salt[J].Suranaree Journal of Science and Technology,2006,13(4):307-316.
[52]SCHULZE O.Investigations on damage and healing of rock salt[M]//Hardy,Mechanical Behavior of SaltUnderstanding of THMC Processes in Salt.London:Taylor&Francis Ltd.,2007:33-43.
[53]HOU Z M.Mechanical and hydraulic behavior of rock salt in the excavation disturbed zone around underground facilities[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2003,40(5):725-738.
[54]LUX K H,EBERTH S.Fundamentals and first application of a new healing model for rock salt[M]//Mechanical Behavior of Salt-Understanding of THMCProcesses in Salt.London:Taylor&Francis Ltd.,2007:129-138.
[55]FUENKAJORN K,PHUEAKPHUM D,JANDAKAEWM.Healing of rock salt fractures[C]//Proceedings of the38th Symposium Engineering Geology and Geotechnical Engineering:Bridge between Theory and Practice.Pocatello:[s.n.],2003:393-408.
[56]DUSTERLOH U,LUX K H.Impact of lab tests on rock salt for an economical optimization of salt caverns[C]//Proceedings of 7th Conference on Mechanical Behavior of Salt.Paris:[s.n.],2012:343-352.
[57]BRODSKY N S.Crack closure and healing studies in WIPP(waste isolation pilot plant)salt using compressional wave velocity and attenuation measurements:test methods and results[C]//Sandia National Laboratories.Albuquerque:[s.n.],1990.
[58]PFEIFLE T W,HURTADO L D.Permeability of natural rock salt from the waste isolation pilot plant(WIPP)during damage evolution and healing[J].Office of Scientific&Technical Information Technical Reports,1998,35(4):637-638.
[59]FUENKAJORN KITTITEP,PHUEAKPHUM DECHO.Laboratory assessment of healing of fractures in rock salt[J].Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment,2011,70(4):665-672.
[60]任松,白月明,姜德义,等.温度对盐岩疲劳特性影响的试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2012,31(9):1839-1845.REN Song,BAI Yue-ming,JIANG De-yi,et al.Experimental study of temperature effect on fatigue property of salt rock[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2012,31(9):1839-1845.
[61]陈剑文,杨春和,冒海军.升温过程中盐岩动力特性实验研究[J].岩土力学,2007,28(2):231-236.CHEN Jian-wen,YANG Chun-he,MAO Hai-jun.Experimental research on dynamical properties of rock salt during rising temperature[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2007,28(2):231-236.
[62]高小平,杨春和,吴文,等.温度效应对盐岩力学特性影响的试验研究[J].岩土力学,2005,26(11):84-87.GAO Xiao-ping,YANG Chun-he,WU Wen,et al.Experimental studies on temperature effect of mechanical properties of rock salt[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2005,26(11):84-87.
[63]梁卫国,赵阳升,徐素国.240℃内盐岩物理力学特性的实验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(14):2365-2369.LIANG Wei-guo,ZHAO Yang-sheng,XU Su-guo.Testing study on physical and mechanical properties of heated salt rock within 240℃[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2004,23(14):2365-2369.
[64]DüSTERLOH UWE,LERCHE SVETLANA,LUXKARL-HEINZ.Damage and healing properties of rock salt:long-term cyclic loading tests and numerical back analysis[C]//Geomechanics and Geoengineering.[S.l.]:Springer,2013:341-362.
[65]CHEN JIE,JIANG DEYI,REN SONG,et al.Comparison of the characteristics of rock salt exposed to loading and unloading of confining pressures[J].Acta Geotechnica,2016,11(1):221-230.
[66]CHEN J,DU C,JIANG D Y,et al.The mechanical properties of rock salt under cyclic loading-unloading experiments[J].Geomechanics and Engineering,2016,10(3):325-334.
[67]陈结.含夹层盐穴建腔期围岩损伤灾变诱发机理及减灾原理研究[D].重庆:重庆大学,2012.CHEN Jie.Catastrophic mechanism induced by damaged surrounding rock and mitigation principle during bedded salt cavern construction period[D].Chongqing:Chongqing University,2012.
[68]CHAN K S,BODNER S R,MUNSON D E,et al.Application of isochronous healing curves in predicting damage evolution in a salt structure[J].International Journal of Damage Mechanics,2000,9(2):130-153.
[69]CHAN K S,BODNER S R,MUNSON D E.Recovery and healing of damage in WIPP salt[J].International Journal of Damage Mechanics,1998,7(2):143-166.
[70]CHAN K S,BODNER S R,MUNSON D E,et al.Aconstitutive model for representing coupled creep,fracture,and healing in rock salt[C]//Conference on the Mechanical Behavior of Salt.Montreal:[s.n.],1996:221-234.
[71]LUX K H.Design of salt caverns for the storage of natural gas,crude oil and compressed air:geomechanical aspects of construction,operation and abandonment[M].London:Special Publications,2009,313(1):93-128.
[72]LUX LUX K H,DUESTERLOH U,BERTRAM J.Final report on the BMBF research project 02 C 0092 2[R]//Professorship of Landfill Technology.Clausthal:Clausthal University,1997.
[73]HOU Z M.Investigations to prove the stability for underground storage in the salt marshes[D].Clausthal:Clausthal University,1997.
[74]马旭强,施锡林,尹洪武,等.三轴压缩下含夹层盐岩破坏机制[J].岩土力学,2018,39(2):644-650.MA Xu-qiang,SHI Xi-lin,YIN Hong-wu,et al.Failure mechanisms of salt rock with an interlayer under triaxial compression[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2018,39(2):644-650.
[75]刘迪,周宏伟,赵阳,等.基于声发射特征的盐岩蠕变本构模型研究[J].岩土力学,2017,38(7):1951-1958.LIU Di,ZHOU Hong-wei,ZHAO Yang,et al.Study of creep constitutive model of rock salt based on acoustic emission characteristics[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2017,38(2):1951-1958.
[76]姜德义,王雷,陈结,等.损伤盐岩短期自恢复特性试验研究[J].岩土工程学报,2015,37(4):594-600.JIANG De-yi,WANG Lei,CHEN Jie,et al.Experimental research on properties of short-term self-recovery of damaged salt rock[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2015,37(4):594-600.
[77]陈结,刘剑兴,姜德义,等.围压作用下盐岩应变与损伤恢复试验研究[J].岩土力学,2016,37(1):105-112.CHEN Jie,LIU Jian-xing,JIANG De-yi,et al.An experimental study of strain and damage recovery of salt rock under confining pressures[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2016,37(1):105-112.
[78]梁卫国,徐素国,赵阳升.损伤岩盐高温再结晶剪切特性的试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(20):3413-3417.LIANG Wei-guo,XU Su-guo,ZHAO Yang-sheng.Experimental study on heating recrystallization effect on shear characteristics of damaged rock salt[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2004,23(20):3413-3417.
[79]陈结,王雷,姜德义,等.盐岩剪切损伤自恢复特性试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2015,34(增刊1):2929-2935.CHEN Jie,WANG Lei,JIANG De-yi,et al.Rock salt damage and self recovery characteristics under shear experiment[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2015,34(Supp.1):2929-2935.