还原焙烧高岭土中氧化铝和氧化硅的碱浸高效分离（英文）
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摘要
分别以1273 K单独焙烧60 min的高岭土以及高岭土、氧化铁和煤粉(Fe_2O_3/Al_2O_3/C摩尔比为1.2:2.0:1.2)混合物在1373 K焙烧60 min的还原产物为研究对象,对焙烧产物中氧化铝和氧化硅的碱浸分离进行研究。热力学计算和碱浸实验结果表明,热活化高岭土中铝硅晶石的化学成分接近于3Al_2O_3·2SiO_2,且随着浸出时间的延长而进一步溶解,从而使传统焙烧-碱浸法难以实现高岭土中氧化铝和氧化硅的高效分离。相反,通过添加氧化铁还原焙烧,将高岭土中氧化铝和氧化硅分别转变为铝酸亚铁和氧化硅固溶体(石英固溶体和方石英固溶体),通过碱浸则可以实现还原焙烧高岭土中氧化铝和氧化硅的高效分离。高硅一水硬铝石型铝土矿碱浸实验结果进一步表明,还原焙烧-碱浸法更有利于铝硅酸盐矿物中氧化铝和氧化硅的分离。
Alkali leaching was employed to investigate the separation of alumina and silica in roasted kaolin obtained by roasting kaolin alone in air at 1273 K for 60 min and in clinker prepared by roasting the mixed raw meal of kaolin, ferric oxide and coal powder with Fe_2O_3/Al_2O_3/C molar ratio of 1.2:2.0:1.2 in reducing atmosphere at 1373 K for 60 min. The thermodynamic analyses and alkali leaching results show that the composition of the Al-Si spinel in roasted kaolin is close to that of 3Al_2O_3·2SiO_2 and the spinel is dissolved with increasing leaching time, resulting in difficulty in deeply separating alumina and silica in kaolin by the traditional roasting-leaching process. On the contrary, the efficient separation of alumina and silica in kaolin can be reached by fully converting kaolinite into insoluble hercynite and soluble free silica, namely quartz solid solution and cristobalite solid solution,during reduction roasting, followed by alkali leaching of the obtained clinker. Furthermore, experimental results from treating high-silica diasporic bauxite indicate that the reduction roasting-alkali leaching process is potential to separate silica and alumina in aluminosilicates.
Alkali leaching was employed to investigate the separation of alumina and silica in roasted kaolin obtained by roasting kaolin alone in air at 1273 K for 60 min and in clinker prepared by roasting the mixed raw meal of kaolin, ferric oxide and coal powder with Fe_2O_3/Al_2O_3/C molar ratio of 1.2:2.0:1.2 in reducing atmosphere at 1373 K for 60 min. The thermodynamic analyses and alkali leaching results show that the composition of the Al-Si spinel in roasted kaolin is close to that of 3Al_2O_3·2SiO_2 and the spinel is dissolved with increasing leaching time, resulting in difficulty in deeply separating alumina and silica in kaolin by the traditional roasting-leaching process. On the contrary, the efficient separation of alumina and silica in kaolin can be reached by fully converting kaolinite into insoluble hercynite and soluble free silica, namely quartz solid solution and cristobalite solid solution,during reduction roasting, followed by alkali leaching of the obtained clinker. Furthermore, experimental results from treating high-silica diasporic bauxite indicate that the reduction roasting-alkali leaching process is potential to separate silica and alumina in aluminosilicates.
引文
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[15]CHAKRABORTY A K.Supplementary alkali extraction studies of980 o C-heated kaolinite by X-ray diffraction analysis[J].Journal of Materials Science,1992,27:2075-2082.
[16]LEE S,KIM Y J,MOON H S.Phase transformation sequence from kaolinite to mullite investigated by an energy-filtering transmission electron microscope[J].Journal of the American Ceramic Society,1999,82(11):2841-2848.
[17]LI Xiao-bin,WANG Hong-yang,ZHOU Qiu-sheng,QI Tian-gui,LIU Gui-hua,PENG Zhi-hong,WANG Yi-lin.Reaction behavior of kaolinite with ferric oxide during reduction roasting[J].Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,2019,29(1):186-193.
[18]JIANG Tao,LI Guang-hui,FAN Xiao-hui,HUANG Zhu-cheng,QIU Guan-zhou.Desilication from diasporic bauxite by roasting-alkali leaching process(I)[J].The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals,2000,10(4):534-538.(in Chinese)
[19]BARIN I.Thermochemical data of pure substances[M].Weinheim:VCH Verlagsgesellschaft mbH,1995.
[20]KNACKE O,KUBASCHEWESKI O.Thermodynamic properties of inorganic substances(II)[M].Heidelberg:Springer-Verlag,1991.
[21]YANG Xian-wan,HE Ai-ping,YUAN Bao-zhou.The calculates handbook of high temperature aqueous solution thermodynamics data[M].Beijing:Metallurgical Industry Press,1983.(in Chinese)
[22]LI Xiao-bin,LIU Gui-hua,PENG Zhi-hong,ZHAI Yu-chun.Equilibrium concentration of SiO2 in aluminate solution[J].Journal of Northeastern University(Natural Science),2002,23(3):251-254.(in Chinese)
[2]WANG Y,HU Y,HE P,GU G.Reverse flotation for removal of silicates from diasporic-bauxite[J].Minerals Engineering,2004,17:63-68.
[3]XIA Liu-yin,ZHONG Hong,LIU Guang-yi,HUANG Zhi-qiang,CHANG Qing-wei.Flotation separation of the aluminosilicates from diaspore by a Gemini cationic collector[J].Internatioal Journal of Mineral Processing,2009,92:74-83.
[4]XU Zheng-he,PLITT V,LIU Qi.Recent advances in reverse flotation of diasporic ores-A Chinese experience[J].Minerals Engineering,2004,17:1007-1015.
[5]LIU Gui-hua,LI Xiao-bin,PENG Zhi-hong,ZHANG Chuan-fu,HEBo-quan.Advances in wet pretreatment of bauxite[J].Mining and Metallurgical Engineering,2000,20(3):55-58.(in Chinese)
[6]QIU Guan-zhou,JIANG Tao,LI Guang-hui,FAN Xiao-hui,HUANG Zhu-cheng.Activation and removal of silicon in kaolinite by thermochemical process[J].Scandinavian Journal of Metallurgy,2004,33:121-128.
[7]BONN H S,GINSBERG H.Method for reducing the silica content of alumina-containing materials of the clay type:US patent,2939764[P].1960-06-07.
[8]RAYZMAN V L,PEVZNER I Z,SIZYAKOV V M,NI L P,FILIPOVICH I K,ATURIN A V.Extracting silica and alumina from low-grade bauxite[J].The Journal of the Minerals,Metals&Materials Society,2003,55:47-50.
[9]SMITH P.The processing of high silica bauxites-Review of existing and potential processes[J].Hydrometallurgy,2009,98:162-176.
[10]PERCIVAL H J,DUNCAN J F,FOSTER P K.Interpretation of the kaolinite-mullite reaction sequence from infrared absorption spectra[J].Journal of the American Ceramic Society,1974,57(2):57-61.
[11]SONUPARLAK B,SARIKAYA M,AKSAY I A.Spinel phase formation during the 980 o C exothermic reaction in the kaolinite-tomullite reaction series[J].Journal of the American Ceramic Society,1987,70(11):837-842.
[12]SANZ J,MADANI A,SERRATOSA J M.Aluminum-27 and silicon-29 magic-angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance study of the kaolinite-mullite transformation[J].Journal of the American Ceramic Society,1988,71(10):C418-C421.
[13]SRIKRISHNA K,THOMAS G,MARTINEZ R,CORRAL M P,DEAZA S,MOYA J S.Kaolinite-mullite reaction series:A TEMstudy[J].Journal of Materials Science,1990,25:607-612.
[14]CHAKRABORTY A K,GHOSH D K.Reexamination of the kaolinite-to-mullite reaction series[J].Journal of the American Ceramic Society,1978,61(3-4):170-173.
[15]CHAKRABORTY A K.Supplementary alkali extraction studies of980 o C-heated kaolinite by X-ray diffraction analysis[J].Journal of Materials Science,1992,27:2075-2082.
[16]LEE S,KIM Y J,MOON H S.Phase transformation sequence from kaolinite to mullite investigated by an energy-filtering transmission electron microscope[J].Journal of the American Ceramic Society,1999,82(11):2841-2848.
[17]LI Xiao-bin,WANG Hong-yang,ZHOU Qiu-sheng,QI Tian-gui,LIU Gui-hua,PENG Zhi-hong,WANG Yi-lin.Reaction behavior of kaolinite with ferric oxide during reduction roasting[J].Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,2019,29(1):186-193.
[18]JIANG Tao,LI Guang-hui,FAN Xiao-hui,HUANG Zhu-cheng,QIU Guan-zhou.Desilication from diasporic bauxite by roasting-alkali leaching process(I)[J].The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals,2000,10(4):534-538.(in Chinese)
[19]BARIN I.Thermochemical data of pure substances[M].Weinheim:VCH Verlagsgesellschaft mbH,1995.
[20]KNACKE O,KUBASCHEWESKI O.Thermodynamic properties of inorganic substances(II)[M].Heidelberg:Springer-Verlag,1991.
[21]YANG Xian-wan,HE Ai-ping,YUAN Bao-zhou.The calculates handbook of high temperature aqueous solution thermodynamics data[M].Beijing:Metallurgical Industry Press,1983.(in Chinese)
[22]LI Xiao-bin,LIU Gui-hua,PENG Zhi-hong,ZHAI Yu-chun.Equilibrium concentration of SiO2 in aluminate solution[J].Journal of Northeastern University(Natural Science),2002,23(3):251-254.(in Chinese)
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