汉江流域上游植被指数变化的影响因素分析
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摘要
汉江是南水北调中线工程的水源地,在变化环境下其植被的变化会对流域水文过程产生不可忽视的影响。采用来自MODIS/Terra网站的归一化植被指数遥感影像数据,对汉江流域上游2000—2015年的8月份归一化植被指数遥感影像数据进行像元尺度的影响因素分析。结果表明,7-8月的平均降水量和7月平均气温与归一化植被指数的相关性最强。植被指数与降水呈负相关的区域基本上与气温呈正相关,而植被指数与降水呈正相关的区域基本与气温呈负相关。复直线回归分析显示,气象因素对植被生长、演化起到了促进作用,人类活动使得植被指数等级变得更加均匀。人类活动表现为抑制植被生长演化的区域占汉江流域上游总面积的45. 92%,人类活动表现为促进植被生长的区域占汉江流域上游总面积的54. 08%,说明有一半以上区域的人类活动对植被生长起到了促进作用;与气象因素相比,现阶段人类活动对近年来汉江流域上游植被指数的影响十分微小。
Hanjiang River is the water source region of the middle route of South-to-North Water Diversion in China. The change of vegetation in the changing environment will have an important influence on the hydrological process of the basin.Based on the remote sensing data of Normalized Difference Vegetation Index from the sites of MODIS/Terra,we analyzedthe affecting factors of the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index in August from 2000 to 2015 at pixel scale in the upper reach of Hanjiang River basin. The results show that,the July-August mean precipitation and the mean temperature in July are the most correlated with the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index. The area of negative correlation of vegetation index with precipitation is basically positively correlated with air temperature,while the area of positive correlation of vegetation index with precipitation is negatively correlated with air temperature. Complex linear regression analysis shows that,the meteorological factors play a positive role in the growth and evolution of vegetation,and human activities also make the vegetation index become more uniform. The area,where the human activities restrain the growth and evolution of the vegetation,is45. 92% of the upper reach of Hanjiang River basin,while the area where human activities promote the increase of the vegetation index,accounts for 54. 96% of the study area,which indicates that on more than half of the region,human activities have played a positive role in the growth of vegetation. Compared with the meteorological factors,human activities have little influence on the vegetation index in the upper reaches of Hanjiang River basin in recent years.
Hanjiang River is the water source region of the middle route of South-to-North Water Diversion in China. The change of vegetation in the changing environment will have an important influence on the hydrological process of the basin.Based on the remote sensing data of Normalized Difference Vegetation Index from the sites of MODIS/Terra,we analyzedthe affecting factors of the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index in August from 2000 to 2015 at pixel scale in the upper reach of Hanjiang River basin. The results show that,the July-August mean precipitation and the mean temperature in July are the most correlated with the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index. The area of negative correlation of vegetation index with precipitation is basically positively correlated with air temperature,while the area of positive correlation of vegetation index with precipitation is negatively correlated with air temperature. Complex linear regression analysis shows that,the meteorological factors play a positive role in the growth and evolution of vegetation,and human activities also make the vegetation index become more uniform. The area,where the human activities restrain the growth and evolution of the vegetation,is45. 92% of the upper reach of Hanjiang River basin,while the area where human activities promote the increase of the vegetation index,accounts for 54. 96% of the study area,which indicates that on more than half of the region,human activities have played a positive role in the growth of vegetation. Compared with the meteorological factors,human activities have little influence on the vegetation index in the upper reaches of Hanjiang River basin in recent years.
引文
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[19]李小燕,任志远,张翀.汉江流域NDVI与水热指数时空变化及相关性分析[J].地理研究,2013,32(9):1623-1633.
[20]李小燕.汉江流域植被覆盖对气温和降水的时滞相关分析[J].水土保持通报,2013,33(4):268-271.
[21]周旗,卞娟娟,郑景云.秦岭南1951—2009年的气温与热量资源变化[J].地理学报,2011,66(9):1211-1217.
[22]刘登峰,黄强,林木.基于遥感的塔里木河植被变化规律研究[J].水资源与水工程学报,2013,24(4):32-36.
[23]詹道江,徐向阳,陈元芳.工程水文学[M]. 4版.北京:中国水利水电出版社,2010:154-157.
[24]周淑琴.基于RS和GIS的毛乌素沙地东南缘沙地治理监测与评价[D].西安:西北农林科技大学,2015.
[2]张月丛,赵志强,李双成,等.基于SPOT NDVI的华北北部地表植被覆盖变化趋势[J].地理研究,2008,27(4):745-755.
[3]赵英时.遥感应用分析原理与方法[M].北京:科学出版社,2012:366-375.
[4]吴门新,钱拴,侯英雨,等.利用NDVI资料估算中国北方草原区牧草产量[J].农业工程学报,2009,25(增刊2):149-155.
[5]刘登峰,王心睿,黄强,等.毛乌素沙漠南部植被指数的变化规律研究[J].水资源与水工程学报,2017,28(3):5-9.
[6]万红梅,李霞,董道瑞.基于多源遥感数据的荒漠植被覆盖度估测[J].应用生态学报,2012,23(12):3331-3337.
[7] STEFANOS Georganos,ABDULHAKI M M Abdi,DAVID E Tenenbaum,et al. Examining the NDVI-rainfall relationship in the semi-arid Sahel using geographically weighted regression[J]. Journal of arid environments,2017,124:1-11.
[8] AMY N Birtwistle,MELINDA L,BRIAN Bledsoe,et al. Using NDVI to measure precipitation in semi-arid landscapes[J].Journal of arid environments,2016,131:15-24.
[9] PANG Guojin,WANG Xuejia,YANG Meixue. Using the NDVI to identify variations in,and responses of,vegetation to climate change on the Tibetan Plateau from 1982 to 2012[J]. Quaternary international,2017,444:87-96.
[10] WEN Zhaofei,WU Shengjun,CHEN Jilong,et al. NDVI indicated long-term interannual changes in vegetation activities and their responses to climatic and anthropogenic factors in the Three Gorges Reservoir region,China[J].Science of the total environment,2017,574:947-959.
[11] FU Baihua,BURGHER Isabela. Riparian vegetation NDVI dynamics and its relationship with climate,surface water and groundwater[J]. Journal of arid environments,2015,113:59-68.
[12] ZHAO X,TAN K,ZHAO S,et al. Changing climate affects vegetation growth in the arid region of the Northwest China[J]. Journal of arid environments,2011,75:946-952.
[13]罗敏,古丽·加帕尔,郭浩,等. 2000—2013年塔里木河流域生长季NDVI时空变化特征及其影响因素分析[J].自然资源学报,2017,32(1):50-63.
[14]徐浩杰,杨太保.柴达木盆地植被生长时空变化特征及其对气候要素的响应[J].自然资源学报,2014,29(3):398-409.
[15]侯美亭,胡伟,乔海龙,等.偏最小二乘(PLS)回归方法在中国东部植被变化归因研究中的应用[J].自然资源学报,2015,30(3):409-422.
[16]栾金凯,刘登峰,黄强,等.近17年陕西榆林植被指数的时空变化及影响因素分析[J].生态学报,2018,38(8):2780-2790. DOI:10. 5846/stxb201704210718.
[17]徐浩杰,杨太保,曾彪. 2000—2010年祁连山植被MODIS NDVI的时空变化及影响因素[J].干旱区资源与环境,2012,26(11):87-91.
[18]张清雨,赵东升,吴绍洪,等.基于生态分区的内蒙古地区植被覆盖变化及其影响因素研究[J].地理科学,2013,33(5):594-601.
[19]李小燕,任志远,张翀.汉江流域NDVI与水热指数时空变化及相关性分析[J].地理研究,2013,32(9):1623-1633.
[20]李小燕.汉江流域植被覆盖对气温和降水的时滞相关分析[J].水土保持通报,2013,33(4):268-271.
[21]周旗,卞娟娟,郑景云.秦岭南1951—2009年的气温与热量资源变化[J].地理学报,2011,66(9):1211-1217.
[22]刘登峰,黄强,林木.基于遥感的塔里木河植被变化规律研究[J].水资源与水工程学报,2013,24(4):32-36.
[23]詹道江,徐向阳,陈元芳.工程水文学[M]. 4版.北京:中国水利水电出版社,2010:154-157.
[24]周淑琴.基于RS和GIS的毛乌素沙地东南缘沙地治理监测与评价[D].西安:西北农林科技大学,2015.