高灵敏度热电偶在托里阿魏叶片的蒸腾流和蒸腾降温测定中的应用
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摘要
研究尝试将高灵敏度热电偶用于植物径流测定,特别是用于常规茎流计难以测定的托里阿魏(Ferula krylovii)叶片的蒸腾流和蒸腾降温的测定。采用高灵敏度热电偶记录并分析比较了茎流热信号和叶片及大气温度的温度信号。结果表明:托里阿魏的茎流可以用热信号峰值或热信号峰下面积的积分表示,且后者所表示的茎流速度变化灵敏度更高;以茎流代表的托里阿魏叶片的蒸腾作用随着光强和气温的升高一直在快速增加,直到光强和温度下降时才开始下降,没有表现出对蒸腾作用的调节现象,说明托里阿魏是一种高耗水植物;托里阿魏叶片通过高蒸腾作用降温使叶片的温度始终低于(最低低于大气温度6℃)或等于大气温度,有效防止了叶片大量吸收太阳辐射可能导致的高温伤害,但也伴随着水分的大量消耗;用高灵敏度热电偶能够测定植物茎流,而且能够测定用普通茎流计难以测定的植物,且费用很低。
We used high-sensitivity thermocouple was to monitor sap flow,especially for the sap flow and transpirational cooling in the leaves of Ferula krylovii,the measurement of which was difficult with the conventional sap flow meter. The thermal signals from sap flow,leaf temperature,and air temperature were recorded with high-sensitivity thermocouples. The results showed that the thermal signal of sap flow could be expressed either with the value of the thermal peak or with the areas below the thermal peak which showed a higher sensitivity. The transpiration rate in the leaves of F. krylovii increased quickly and steadily with the increases of light intensity and air temperature,and decreased only when light intensity and air temperature began to decrease. The fact that no sign of transpiration regulation was seen indicates that the F. krylovii was a highly water-consuming plant. The plant could maintain a temperature constantly below or equal to the air temperature through transpirational cooling,with a maximum decline of 6 ℃ in the leaves below the air temperature,thus effectively prevented the possible high temperature injury due to the absorption of high solar radiation at a price of large amount of water consumption. Our results indicated that the high-sensitivity thermocouples could be used not only in detecting sap flow,but also in cases that were difficult for the normal sap flow meters,with low cost.
We used high-sensitivity thermocouple was to monitor sap flow,especially for the sap flow and transpirational cooling in the leaves of Ferula krylovii,the measurement of which was difficult with the conventional sap flow meter. The thermal signals from sap flow,leaf temperature,and air temperature were recorded with high-sensitivity thermocouples. The results showed that the thermal signal of sap flow could be expressed either with the value of the thermal peak or with the areas below the thermal peak which showed a higher sensitivity. The transpiration rate in the leaves of F. krylovii increased quickly and steadily with the increases of light intensity and air temperature,and decreased only when light intensity and air temperature began to decrease. The fact that no sign of transpiration regulation was seen indicates that the F. krylovii was a highly water-consuming plant. The plant could maintain a temperature constantly below or equal to the air temperature through transpirational cooling,with a maximum decline of 6 ℃ in the leaves below the air temperature,thus effectively prevented the possible high temperature injury due to the absorption of high solar radiation at a price of large amount of water consumption. Our results indicated that the high-sensitivity thermocouples could be used not only in detecting sap flow,but also in cases that were difficult for the normal sap flow meters,with low cost.
引文
邓东周,范志平,王红,等.2008.林木蒸腾作用测定和估算方法.生态学杂志,27(6):1051-1058.
郝秀英,王卉,张萍,等.2015.温度对托里阿魏(Ferula krylovii)和骆驼蓬(Peganum harmala)的呼吸及光合作用的影响.中国沙漠,35(4):912-916.
何爽,谭敦炎.2002.阿魏的研究进展.新疆农业大学学报,25(2):1-7.
龙秋波,贾绍凤.2012.茎流计发展及应用综述.水资源与水工程学报,23(4):18-23.
马玲,赵平,饶兴权,等.2005.乔木蒸腾作用的主要测定方法.生态学杂志,24(1):88-96
马长健,刘馨惠,卞城月,等.2015.热平衡式茎流计在测定植物蒸腾耗水中的应用进展.中国农学通报,31(32):241-245.
温达志,周国逸,张德强,等.2000.四种禾本科牧草植物蒸腾速率与水分利用效率的比较.热带亚热带植物学报,(S1):67-76.
仇群伊,郭向红,孙西欢,等.2013.热技术茎流计测定植物蒸腾耗水的应用.节水灌溉,(12):70-73,78.
单人骅,佘孟兰.1992.中国植物志,第55卷第1册.北京:科学出版社:85-117.
新疆植物志编辑委员会.2011.新疆植物志.乌鲁木齐:新疆科技卫生出版社.
燕雪花,邹波,刘宏炳,等.2012.濒危植物阜康阿魏的资源调查与合理保护研究.新疆医科大学学报,35(9):1155-1158.
张萍,郝秀英,于瑞凤,等.2018.探索托里阿魏叶片蒸腾调节规律动力学的测定方法.植物学报,53(3):353-363.
Akhmetova A,Mukhitdinov N,Ydyrys A.2015.Anatomical indicators of the leaf structure of Ferula iliensis growing in the eastern part of Zailiyskiy Alatau(Big Boguty Mountains).Pakistan Journal of Botany,47:511-515.
Iranshahi M,Sahebkar A,Hosseini ST,et al.2010.Cancer chemopreventive activity of diversin from Ferula diversivittata in vitro and in vivo.Phytomedicine International Journal of Phytoth,17:269-273.
James WR.1983.Gardening with Biblical Plants:Handbook for the Home Gardener.New York:Rowman&Littlefield:172-179.
Lee CL,Chiang LC,Cheng LH,et al.2009.Influenza A(H1N1)antiviral and cytotoxic agents from Ferula assafoetida.Journal of Natural Products,72:1568-1572.
Lendvay B,Kalapos T.2014.Population dynamics of the climate-sensitive endangered perennial Ferula sadleriana Ledeb.(Apiaceae).Plant Species Biology,29:138-151.
Monteiro MV,Blanu2a T,Verhoef A,et al.2016.Relative importance of transpiration rate and leaf morphological traits for the regulation of leaf temperature.Australian Journal of Botany,64:32-44.
Nazari ZE,Iranshahi M.2011.Biologically active sesquiterpene coumarins from Ferula species.Phytotherapy Research,25:315-323.
Rassouli FB,Matin MM,Iranshahi M,et al.2011.Investigating the enhancement of cisplatin cytotoxicity on 5637 cells by combination with mogoltacin.Toxicology in Vitro,25:469-474.
Sahebkar A,Iranshahi M.2010.Biological activities of essential oils from the genus Ferula(Apiaceae).Asian Biomedicine,4:835-847.
Urban J,Ingwers MW,Mcguire MA,et al.2017.Increase in leaf temperature opens stomata and decouples net photosynthesis from stomatal conductance in Pinus taeda and Populus deltoides×nigra.Journal of Experimental Botany,68:1757-1767.
Walter H,Breckle SW.2012.Ecological Systems of the Geobiosphere:3.Temperate and Polar Zonobiomes of Northern Eurasia.Berlin:Springer:215-228.
Yaqoob U,Nawchoo IA.2017.Conservation and cultivation of Ferula Jaeschukeana Vatke:A species with deep complex morphophysiological dormancy.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,India Section B:Biological Sciences,87:315-325
Zandalinas SI,Mittler R,Balfagón D,et al.2018.Plant adaptations to the combination of drought and high temperatures.Physiologia Plantarum,162:2-12.
Zhou P,Takaishia Y,Duan H,et al.2000.Coumarins and bicoumarin from Ferula sumbul:Anti-HIV activity and inhibition of cytokine release.Phytochemistry,53:689-697.
郝秀英,王卉,张萍,等.2015.温度对托里阿魏(Ferula krylovii)和骆驼蓬(Peganum harmala)的呼吸及光合作用的影响.中国沙漠,35(4):912-916.
何爽,谭敦炎.2002.阿魏的研究进展.新疆农业大学学报,25(2):1-7.
龙秋波,贾绍凤.2012.茎流计发展及应用综述.水资源与水工程学报,23(4):18-23.
马玲,赵平,饶兴权,等.2005.乔木蒸腾作用的主要测定方法.生态学杂志,24(1):88-96
马长健,刘馨惠,卞城月,等.2015.热平衡式茎流计在测定植物蒸腾耗水中的应用进展.中国农学通报,31(32):241-245.
温达志,周国逸,张德强,等.2000.四种禾本科牧草植物蒸腾速率与水分利用效率的比较.热带亚热带植物学报,(S1):67-76.
仇群伊,郭向红,孙西欢,等.2013.热技术茎流计测定植物蒸腾耗水的应用.节水灌溉,(12):70-73,78.
单人骅,佘孟兰.1992.中国植物志,第55卷第1册.北京:科学出版社:85-117.
新疆植物志编辑委员会.2011.新疆植物志.乌鲁木齐:新疆科技卫生出版社.
燕雪花,邹波,刘宏炳,等.2012.濒危植物阜康阿魏的资源调查与合理保护研究.新疆医科大学学报,35(9):1155-1158.
张萍,郝秀英,于瑞凤,等.2018.探索托里阿魏叶片蒸腾调节规律动力学的测定方法.植物学报,53(3):353-363.
Akhmetova A,Mukhitdinov N,Ydyrys A.2015.Anatomical indicators of the leaf structure of Ferula iliensis growing in the eastern part of Zailiyskiy Alatau(Big Boguty Mountains).Pakistan Journal of Botany,47:511-515.
Iranshahi M,Sahebkar A,Hosseini ST,et al.2010.Cancer chemopreventive activity of diversin from Ferula diversivittata in vitro and in vivo.Phytomedicine International Journal of Phytoth,17:269-273.
James WR.1983.Gardening with Biblical Plants:Handbook for the Home Gardener.New York:Rowman&Littlefield:172-179.
Lee CL,Chiang LC,Cheng LH,et al.2009.Influenza A(H1N1)antiviral and cytotoxic agents from Ferula assafoetida.Journal of Natural Products,72:1568-1572.
Lendvay B,Kalapos T.2014.Population dynamics of the climate-sensitive endangered perennial Ferula sadleriana Ledeb.(Apiaceae).Plant Species Biology,29:138-151.
Monteiro MV,Blanu2a T,Verhoef A,et al.2016.Relative importance of transpiration rate and leaf morphological traits for the regulation of leaf temperature.Australian Journal of Botany,64:32-44.
Nazari ZE,Iranshahi M.2011.Biologically active sesquiterpene coumarins from Ferula species.Phytotherapy Research,25:315-323.
Rassouli FB,Matin MM,Iranshahi M,et al.2011.Investigating the enhancement of cisplatin cytotoxicity on 5637 cells by combination with mogoltacin.Toxicology in Vitro,25:469-474.
Sahebkar A,Iranshahi M.2010.Biological activities of essential oils from the genus Ferula(Apiaceae).Asian Biomedicine,4:835-847.
Urban J,Ingwers MW,Mcguire MA,et al.2017.Increase in leaf temperature opens stomata and decouples net photosynthesis from stomatal conductance in Pinus taeda and Populus deltoides×nigra.Journal of Experimental Botany,68:1757-1767.
Walter H,Breckle SW.2012.Ecological Systems of the Geobiosphere:3.Temperate and Polar Zonobiomes of Northern Eurasia.Berlin:Springer:215-228.
Yaqoob U,Nawchoo IA.2017.Conservation and cultivation of Ferula Jaeschukeana Vatke:A species with deep complex morphophysiological dormancy.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,India Section B:Biological Sciences,87:315-325
Zandalinas SI,Mittler R,Balfagón D,et al.2018.Plant adaptations to the combination of drought and high temperatures.Physiologia Plantarum,162:2-12.
Zhou P,Takaishia Y,Duan H,et al.2000.Coumarins and bicoumarin from Ferula sumbul:Anti-HIV activity and inhibition of cytokine release.Phytochemistry,53:689-697.
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