碳税规制下多目标冷链物流配送路径优化
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摘要
针对碳税规制下的冷链物流配送问题,提出一种冷藏车的碳排放与燃料消耗量化方法,并构建了优化配送成本、保障客户服务水平和降低碳排放的多目标数学模型。最后,采用粒子群算法求解模型,同时对碳税和冷藏车车速进行灵敏度分析。结果表明,冷链物流配送企业的综合成本随碳税的增加而提高,适当提高冷藏车的车速有助于配送企业控制物流成本、保障客户服务水平,但车速过高会导致客户服务水平下降。该研究可以为冷链物流配送企业降低总成本、减少碳排放和提升客户服务水平提供实践指导。
Aiming at the problem of cold chain logistics distribution under carbon tax system,this paper firstly proposes a quantitative method to measure carbon emission and fuel consumption of refrigerator cars. Then,a multi-objective mathematical model is developed to minimize the costs in distribution,to guarantee customers' service level and to reduce carbon emissions.Finally,this study adopts particle swarm optimization algorithm to solve the model while a sensitive analysis is conducted on carbon tax and speed of refrigerator cars. The results show that the total cost of cold chain logistics delivery enterprise increases with carbon tax. Increasing speed of refrigerator cars moderately helps the delivery enterprise to control logistics costs and guarantee customers' service level. But an extremely high speed causes the decline of customers' service level. This study can provide practical guidance for cold chain delivery enterprise to reduce total costs and carbon emissions as well as to improve customers' service level.
Aiming at the problem of cold chain logistics distribution under carbon tax system,this paper firstly proposes a quantitative method to measure carbon emission and fuel consumption of refrigerator cars. Then,a multi-objective mathematical model is developed to minimize the costs in distribution,to guarantee customers' service level and to reduce carbon emissions.Finally,this study adopts particle swarm optimization algorithm to solve the model while a sensitive analysis is conducted on carbon tax and speed of refrigerator cars. The results show that the total cost of cold chain logistics delivery enterprise increases with carbon tax. Increasing speed of refrigerator cars moderately helps the delivery enterprise to control logistics costs and guarantee customers' service level. But an extremely high speed causes the decline of customers' service level. This study can provide practical guidance for cold chain delivery enterprise to reduce total costs and carbon emissions as well as to improve customers' service level.
引文
[1]张晓盈,钟锦文.碳税的内涵、效应与中国碳税总体框架研究[J].复旦学报(社会科学版),2011(4):92-101.
[2] BJORNER T B,JENSEN H H. Energy taxes,voluntary agreements and investment subsidies:a micropanel analysis of the effect on Danish industrial companies'energy demand[J]. Resource&Energy Economics,2002,24(3):229-249.
[3]张立毅,王迎,费腾,等.混沌扰动模拟退火蚁群算法低碳物流路径优化[J].计算机工程与应用,2017,53(1):63-68.
[4]李进,张江华.基于碳排放与速度优化的带时间窗车辆路径问题[J].系统工程理论与实践,2014,34(12):3063-3072.
[5]丁秋雷,胡祥培,姜洋,等.考虑客户消费行为的易逝品物流配送干扰管理模型[J].运筹与管理,2016,25(6):68-74.
[6] GOVINDAN K,JAFARIAN A,KHODAVERDI R,et al. Two-echelon multiple-vehicle location–routing problem with time windows for optimization of sustainable supply chain network of perishable food[J].International Journal of Production Economics,2014,152(2):9-28.
[7] SONG B D,KO Y D. A vehicle routing problem of both refrigerated-and general-type vehicles for perishable food products delivery[J]. Journal of Food Engineering,2016(169):61-71.
[8] HICKMAN J,HASSEL D, JOUMARD R, et al.Methodology for calculating transport emissions and energy consumption[R]. Luxembourg:Office for Official Publications of the European Communities,1999.
[9] VANEK F,SUN Y. Transportation versus perishability in life cycle energy consumption:a case study of the temperature-controlled food product supply chain[J]. Transportation Research Part D:Transport&Environment,2008,13(6):383-391.
[10] DEMIR E,BEKTAS T,LAPORTE G. A comparative analysis of several vehicle emission models for road freight transportation[J]. Transportation Research Part D:Transport&Environment,2011,16(5):347-357.
[11] BARTH M,AN F,YOUNGLOVE T,et al. Development of a comprehensive modal emissions model[R]. California:University of California,2000.
[12]张艳伟,黄志红.考虑货物类别的电动汽车路径优化问题研究[J].武汉理工大学学报(信息与管理工程版),2018,40(1):75-80.
[13] ZHANG S,WU Y,LIU H,et al. Real-world fuel consumption and CO2(carbon dioxide)emissions by driving conditions for light-duty passenger vehicles in China[J]. Energy,2014(69):247-257.
[14] ZHANG Y,CHEN X D. An optimization model for the vehicle routing problem in multi-product frozen food delivery[J]. Journal of Applied Research&Technology,2014,12(2):239-250.
[15] YING W,XI C. Research on vehicle routing problem of cold chain logistics[C]∥International Conference on Multimedia Information Networking&Security.[S. l.]:IEEE,2010:329-334.
[16]李宁,邹彤,孙德宝.车辆路径问题的粒子群算法研究[J].系统工程学报,2004,19(6):596-600.
[17]冯训阳.基于粒子群算法的赣州农产品冷链物流配送路径优化研究[D].赣州:江西理工大学,2014.
[2] BJORNER T B,JENSEN H H. Energy taxes,voluntary agreements and investment subsidies:a micropanel analysis of the effect on Danish industrial companies'energy demand[J]. Resource&Energy Economics,2002,24(3):229-249.
[3]张立毅,王迎,费腾,等.混沌扰动模拟退火蚁群算法低碳物流路径优化[J].计算机工程与应用,2017,53(1):63-68.
[4]李进,张江华.基于碳排放与速度优化的带时间窗车辆路径问题[J].系统工程理论与实践,2014,34(12):3063-3072.
[5]丁秋雷,胡祥培,姜洋,等.考虑客户消费行为的易逝品物流配送干扰管理模型[J].运筹与管理,2016,25(6):68-74.
[6] GOVINDAN K,JAFARIAN A,KHODAVERDI R,et al. Two-echelon multiple-vehicle location–routing problem with time windows for optimization of sustainable supply chain network of perishable food[J].International Journal of Production Economics,2014,152(2):9-28.
[7] SONG B D,KO Y D. A vehicle routing problem of both refrigerated-and general-type vehicles for perishable food products delivery[J]. Journal of Food Engineering,2016(169):61-71.
[8] HICKMAN J,HASSEL D, JOUMARD R, et al.Methodology for calculating transport emissions and energy consumption[R]. Luxembourg:Office for Official Publications of the European Communities,1999.
[9] VANEK F,SUN Y. Transportation versus perishability in life cycle energy consumption:a case study of the temperature-controlled food product supply chain[J]. Transportation Research Part D:Transport&Environment,2008,13(6):383-391.
[10] DEMIR E,BEKTAS T,LAPORTE G. A comparative analysis of several vehicle emission models for road freight transportation[J]. Transportation Research Part D:Transport&Environment,2011,16(5):347-357.
[11] BARTH M,AN F,YOUNGLOVE T,et al. Development of a comprehensive modal emissions model[R]. California:University of California,2000.
[12]张艳伟,黄志红.考虑货物类别的电动汽车路径优化问题研究[J].武汉理工大学学报(信息与管理工程版),2018,40(1):75-80.
[13] ZHANG S,WU Y,LIU H,et al. Real-world fuel consumption and CO2(carbon dioxide)emissions by driving conditions for light-duty passenger vehicles in China[J]. Energy,2014(69):247-257.
[14] ZHANG Y,CHEN X D. An optimization model for the vehicle routing problem in multi-product frozen food delivery[J]. Journal of Applied Research&Technology,2014,12(2):239-250.
[15] YING W,XI C. Research on vehicle routing problem of cold chain logistics[C]∥International Conference on Multimedia Information Networking&Security.[S. l.]:IEEE,2010:329-334.
[16]李宁,邹彤,孙德宝.车辆路径问题的粒子群算法研究[J].系统工程学报,2004,19(6):596-600.
[17]冯训阳.基于粒子群算法的赣州农产品冷链物流配送路径优化研究[D].赣州:江西理工大学,2014.
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