英国博物馆数字化战略的教育影响与启示
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摘要
博物馆数字化战略是博物馆在3.0时代对未来发展实施的全局性规划,教育作为博物馆的基本功能,是数字化战略中很重要的内容。对英国博物馆数字化战略、博物馆教育相关研究进行述评,能够发现国外博物馆教育中的亮点,对于我国博物馆教育实践有借鉴意义。英国博物馆数字化战略的实施深刻影响了博物馆教育,增加了博物馆教育的形式、延伸了博物馆学习的空间、丰富了博物馆教育的内容,提供了"个性化"的学习体验。英国博物馆数字化战略下教育活动的成功经验对我国博物馆教育的启示:加强对学习者心理及体验的研究;提升学习者的数字化学习能力;满足学习者的"个性化"学习需求;加强馆校合作,提升中小学研学旅行的效果。
The museum digital strategy is the overall planning for the development of museum in the 3.0 era.Education,as the basic function of museums,is an important part of museum digital strategy.A review of the research on the British museum digital strategy and museum education reveals the highlights of foreign museum education,which sets an example for museum education in China.The implementation of the digital strategy in British museums has a profound impact on museum education,which enriches the form of museum education,extends the space of museum education,supplements the content of museum education,and provides"personalized"learning experience.Such successful practice provides valuable lessons on museum education in China.That is strengthening the research on learners' psychology and experience;improving the ability of learners' digital acquisition;satisfying learners' "personalized"learning needs and enhancing the cooperation between schools and museums to increase the efficiency of research travel for primary and secondary school students.
The museum digital strategy is the overall planning for the development of museum in the 3.0 era.Education,as the basic function of museums,is an important part of museum digital strategy.A review of the research on the British museum digital strategy and museum education reveals the highlights of foreign museum education,which sets an example for museum education in China.The implementation of the digital strategy in British museums has a profound impact on museum education,which enriches the form of museum education,extends the space of museum education,supplements the content of museum education,and provides"personalized"learning experience.Such successful practice provides valuable lessons on museum education in China.That is strengthening the research on learners' psychology and experience;improving the ability of learners' digital acquisition;satisfying learners' "personalized"learning needs and enhancing the cooperation between schools and museums to increase the efficiency of research travel for primary and secondary school students.
引文
[1] The Rt Hon Karen Bradley MP,明欣,安小米.英国数字战略[J].办公自动化,2017,22(07):7-8+35.
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[8] Falk,J.H.and Dierking,L.D.(2000)Learning from Museums:Visitor Experiences and the Making of Meaning.Altamira Press,Lanham,MD,USA.
[9] Lord,B.,Lord,G.and Martin,L.(2012).Manual of museum planning.Lanham,Md.:AltaMira Press.
[10] Brüninghaus-Knubel,C.(2009).Museum educator:the audience's advocate.Museum International,45(4),pp.13-17.
[11] Kidd,J.(2011).Enacting engagement online:Framing social media use for the museum.Information Technology and People,24(1),64-77.https://doi.org/10.1108/09593841111109422.
[12] Tost,L.P.,& Economou,M.(2009).Worth a Thousand Words?The Usefulness of Immersive Virtual Reality for Learning in Cultural Heritage Settings.International Journal of Architectural Computing,7(1),157-176.
[13] De Backer,F.,Peeters,J.,Kindekens,A.,Brosens,D.,Elias,W.,& Lombaerts,K.(2015).Adult Visitors in Museum Learning Environments.Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences,191,152-162.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.04.162.
[14] Wang,Ching-Sheng,Ding-Jung Chiang,and Yi-Yun Ho.2012.“3D Augmented Reality Mobile Navigation System Supporting Indoor Positioning Function.” In 2012 IEEE International Conference on Computational Intelligence and Cybernetics(CyberneticsCom),64-68.IEEE.
[15] Livingstone,S.(2009).Children and the Internet:Great Expectations.Cambridge:Polity Press.Marty.
[16] Universit,D.,& France,C.(2010).Are social media networks reinventing museum education tools?The case of the Suzon Facebook page at the Caen Memorial Museum.ESSACHESS.Journal for Communication Studies,9(2016),141-152.
[17] Digital strategy ROYAL BC museum.https://royalbcmuseum.bc.ca/documents/105659/digital-strategy.
[18] Eamonn McKeown,Hannele Weir,Emma-Jane Berridge,Liz Ellis,Yiannis Kyratsis,Art engagement and mental health:experiences of service users of a community-based arts programme at Tate Modern,London,Public Health,Volume 130,2016,Pages 29-35,ISSN 0033-3506.
[19] 刘世斌.开发博物馆课程,让学生在研学旅行中开展深度学习[J].中小学教师培训,2018,(7):36-38.
[20] 韦倩莹.博物馆研学旅行课程开发与实践——以中国木雕博物馆“走进东阳木雕”课程为例[J].文物鉴定与鉴赏,2019(1):140-141.
[21] 郑奕.博物馆教育活动研究[D].上海:复旦大学,2012.
[2] Girotto,M.G.,& Pisu,S.(2015).The National Cinema Museum of Torino:A comprehensive digital strategy.2015 Digital Heritage,2,635-638.https://doi.org/10.1109/DigitalHeritage.2015.7419586.
[3] Stack.J.(2013)Tate Digital Strategy 2013-15:Digital as a Dimension of Everything.http://www.tate.org.uk/research/publications/tate-papers/19/tate-digital-strategy- 2013-15-digital-as-a-dimension-of-everything.
[4] Smithies,J.(2017).When culture counts.Cultural Trends,26(4),323-325.
[5] Black,G.(2005).The Engaging Museum:An interpretive approach to visitor involvement.Routledge.
[6] Simon,N.(2010).The participatory museum.Museum 2.0.
[7] De Rojas,C.,& Camarero,C.(2008).Visitors' experience,mood and satisfaction in 58 a heritage context:evidence from an interpretation center.Tourism Management,29,525-537.
[8] Falk,J.H.and Dierking,L.D.(2000)Learning from Museums:Visitor Experiences and the Making of Meaning.Altamira Press,Lanham,MD,USA.
[9] Lord,B.,Lord,G.and Martin,L.(2012).Manual of museum planning.Lanham,Md.:AltaMira Press.
[10] Brüninghaus-Knubel,C.(2009).Museum educator:the audience's advocate.Museum International,45(4),pp.13-17.
[11] Kidd,J.(2011).Enacting engagement online:Framing social media use for the museum.Information Technology and People,24(1),64-77.https://doi.org/10.1108/09593841111109422.
[12] Tost,L.P.,& Economou,M.(2009).Worth a Thousand Words?The Usefulness of Immersive Virtual Reality for Learning in Cultural Heritage Settings.International Journal of Architectural Computing,7(1),157-176.
[13] De Backer,F.,Peeters,J.,Kindekens,A.,Brosens,D.,Elias,W.,& Lombaerts,K.(2015).Adult Visitors in Museum Learning Environments.Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences,191,152-162.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.04.162.
[14] Wang,Ching-Sheng,Ding-Jung Chiang,and Yi-Yun Ho.2012.“3D Augmented Reality Mobile Navigation System Supporting Indoor Positioning Function.” In 2012 IEEE International Conference on Computational Intelligence and Cybernetics(CyberneticsCom),64-68.IEEE.
[15] Livingstone,S.(2009).Children and the Internet:Great Expectations.Cambridge:Polity Press.Marty.
[16] Universit,D.,& France,C.(2010).Are social media networks reinventing museum education tools?The case of the Suzon Facebook page at the Caen Memorial Museum.ESSACHESS.Journal for Communication Studies,9(2016),141-152.
[17] Digital strategy ROYAL BC museum.https://royalbcmuseum.bc.ca/documents/105659/digital-strategy.
[18] Eamonn McKeown,Hannele Weir,Emma-Jane Berridge,Liz Ellis,Yiannis Kyratsis,Art engagement and mental health:experiences of service users of a community-based arts programme at Tate Modern,London,Public Health,Volume 130,2016,Pages 29-35,ISSN 0033-3506.
[19] 刘世斌.开发博物馆课程,让学生在研学旅行中开展深度学习[J].中小学教师培训,2018,(7):36-38.
[20] 韦倩莹.博物馆研学旅行课程开发与实践——以中国木雕博物馆“走进东阳木雕”课程为例[J].文物鉴定与鉴赏,2019(1):140-141.
[21] 郑奕.博物馆教育活动研究[D].上海:复旦大学,2012.