库区移民生计资本作用机理与生存质量提升路径研究
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摘要
研究以河南省南海水库8个移民安置村120个移民样本户为案例,通过农户访谈和问卷调查,构建包含人力资本、自然资本、金融资本、社会资本和物质资本的生计资本指标体系,以同期河南省农村居民人均可支配收入水平为界,将全体样本分为高收入和低收入群体,通过PLS-SEM模型方法,测算各收入水平群体生计资本间路径系数,完成库区移民生计资本作用机理的实证研究,并依据研究结果,构造三条路径提升库区移民的生存质量。研究发现高收入和低收入群体作用机理的相同处为:人力资本对金融资本和自然资本积极作用显著,社会资本对金融资本有消极作用;差异点在于:高收入群体金融资本对物质资本有积极作用,社会资本对物质资本有消极作用,而这两条路径在低收入群体研究中是不存在的,反而物质资本对自然资本呈现显著积极作用。因此,研究提出,对于低收入群体,可通过加强基础教育投资和职业技能培训,提供免费体检服务提高人力资本,通过帮扶力度加大和社会舆论引导提高社会资本,通过完善家用电器配置提高消费水准等途径提升生存质量;高收入群体可通过自主创业培训、纳入社会医疗保险提升人力资本,通过政府引导构建完善社会关系网络提升社会资本,通过关注高端产品提升消费结构等途径提升生存质量。
This paper took 120 immigrants of 8 resettle village in the south sea reservoir in Henan province as a case,by interviews and questionnaire survey,constructed livelihood capital index system which includes human capital,natural capital,financial capital,social capital and material capital,and took Henan farmers per capita disposable income level to the same period as the boundary,divided all the samples into into high-income and low-income groups,then measured the livelihood capital path coefficients among different income groups,completed the empirical research of livelihood capital mechanism by PLS-SEM. According to the results of the study,This paper constructed three path to improve the survival quality of of the reservoir migrants. The study found that the positive effect of thehuman capital to financial capital and natural capital was significant,and social capital had negative effect to financial capital,and there were differences in mechanism of financial capital and social capital to material capital between high and low income groups. Research suggests that for low-income groups,we could improve the quality of survival by strengthening basic education investment and vocational skills training,providing free medical services,strengthening support and social public opinion guide,perfecting home appliances configuration; for high-income groups,we could improve the quality of survival by self-employed training,social medical insurance,the guidance of the government,changing focus on high-end products.
This paper took 120 immigrants of 8 resettle village in the south sea reservoir in Henan province as a case,by interviews and questionnaire survey,constructed livelihood capital index system which includes human capital,natural capital,financial capital,social capital and material capital,and took Henan farmers per capita disposable income level to the same period as the boundary,divided all the samples into into high-income and low-income groups,then measured the livelihood capital path coefficients among different income groups,completed the empirical research of livelihood capital mechanism by PLS-SEM. According to the results of the study,This paper constructed three path to improve the survival quality of of the reservoir migrants. The study found that the positive effect of thehuman capital to financial capital and natural capital was significant,and social capital had negative effect to financial capital,and there were differences in mechanism of financial capital and social capital to material capital between high and low income groups. Research suggests that for low-income groups,we could improve the quality of survival by strengthening basic education investment and vocational skills training,providing free medical services,strengthening support and social public opinion guide,perfecting home appliances configuration; for high-income groups,we could improve the quality of survival by self-employed training,social medical insurance,the guidance of the government,changing focus on high-end products.
引文
[1]李文静,帅传敏,帅钰,等.三峡库区移民贫困致因的精准识别与减贫路径的实证研究[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2017,27(6):136. DOI:10.12062/cpre. 20170335.
[2]陈永华,赵升奎.金沙江水电移民共享电站经济效益的相关思考:基于向家坝、溪洛渡水电站移民安置安利的分析[J].中国农村水利水电,2017(4):194.
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[5]陈刚,梅昀.非自愿性水库移民安置补偿政策绩效评估研究[J].武汉理工大学学报(社会科学版),2016,29(3):238. DOI:10. 3963/j. issn. 1671-6477. 2016. 02. 0015.
[6]彭峰,周银珍,李燕萍.水库移民生计风险的影响因素研究[J].统计与决策,2016,(6):60.
[7]帅传敏,王静,程欣.三峡库区移民生态减贫策略的优化仿真研究[J].数量经济技术经济研究,2017(1):21.
[8]左萍,杨建设,杨涛,等.水库移民后期扶持检测评估研究[J].人民黄河,2011(11):141. DOI:10. 3969/j. issn. 1000-1379. 2011. 11. 053.
[9]范敏.新时期坚持和完善大中型水库移民后期扶持政策的思考[J].中国水利,2016(5):62. DOI:10. 3969/j. issn. 1000-1123. 2016. 05. 023.
[10]吴明隆.结构方程模型:AMOS的操作与应用[M].重庆:重庆大学出版社,2009.
[11]张敏,罗梅芬,聂瑞,等.信息时代视域下移动医疗APP用户持续使用意愿分析[J].知识分析与知识发现,2017(4):46.
[12]刘慧君,韩秀华.家庭结构变迁下新农保政策与农村老人生存质量:基于陕西省A市的调查[J].人口与经济,2014(5):77. DOI:10. 3969/j. issn.1000-4149. 2014. 05. 009.
(1)社会资本用于衡量库区移民对现有环境的适应、内部社会关系协调和沟通、与外部周边社区关系维持等相关内容,但受本次调研活动规模的限制,仅能以“您对现在的邻里关系满意么”这一道题来表现和衡量相关内容。
[2]陈永华,赵升奎.金沙江水电移民共享电站经济效益的相关思考:基于向家坝、溪洛渡水电站移民安置安利的分析[J].中国农村水利水电,2017(4):194.
[3]王沛沛,许佳君.生计资本对水库移民创业的影响分析[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2013,23(2):150. DOI:10. 3969/j. issn. 1002-2104. 2013. 02. 022.
[4]邱元锋,孟戈.水库移民满意度影响因素实证分析[J].水利学报,2016,47(5):663. DOI:10.13243/j. cnki. slxb. 20150864.
[5]陈刚,梅昀.非自愿性水库移民安置补偿政策绩效评估研究[J].武汉理工大学学报(社会科学版),2016,29(3):238. DOI:10. 3963/j. issn. 1671-6477. 2016. 02. 0015.
[6]彭峰,周银珍,李燕萍.水库移民生计风险的影响因素研究[J].统计与决策,2016,(6):60.
[7]帅传敏,王静,程欣.三峡库区移民生态减贫策略的优化仿真研究[J].数量经济技术经济研究,2017(1):21.
[8]左萍,杨建设,杨涛,等.水库移民后期扶持检测评估研究[J].人民黄河,2011(11):141. DOI:10. 3969/j. issn. 1000-1379. 2011. 11. 053.
[9]范敏.新时期坚持和完善大中型水库移民后期扶持政策的思考[J].中国水利,2016(5):62. DOI:10. 3969/j. issn. 1000-1123. 2016. 05. 023.
[10]吴明隆.结构方程模型:AMOS的操作与应用[M].重庆:重庆大学出版社,2009.
[11]张敏,罗梅芬,聂瑞,等.信息时代视域下移动医疗APP用户持续使用意愿分析[J].知识分析与知识发现,2017(4):46.
[12]刘慧君,韩秀华.家庭结构变迁下新农保政策与农村老人生存质量:基于陕西省A市的调查[J].人口与经济,2014(5):77. DOI:10. 3969/j. issn.1000-4149. 2014. 05. 009.
(1)社会资本用于衡量库区移民对现有环境的适应、内部社会关系协调和沟通、与外部周边社区关系维持等相关内容,但受本次调研活动规模的限制,仅能以“您对现在的邻里关系满意么”这一道题来表现和衡量相关内容。