基于动态耦合的FPSO串靠外输所需拖力快速预报
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摘要
以极浅水作业水深的FPSO串靠外输作业为背景,研究穿梭油轮尾部定位拖轮所需拖力大小,提出了基于动态耦合效应的拖轮拖力直接计算方法。基于三维势流理论,考虑浮式生产储油平台(FPSO)与穿梭油轮之间相互水动力干扰,进行动态耦合计算,根据力学平衡原理求得所需的拖轮拖力并分析其影响因素。结果表明:动态耦合模型算出的所需拖力值较之准动态模型更安全、经济;当FPSO与穿梭油轮距离为80 m时,既能保证外输安全性又能保证经济性;增大两船间距、增加穿梭油轮吃水、两船间采用双缆系泊,均能有效降低所需的拖轮拖力。研究结果可为FPSO串靠外输作业操作提供指导,具有一定的工程实用性。
Taking the tandem offloading operation in extremely shallow water as background,the towing force required for tug of shuttle tanker is studied and a direct calculation method is proposed based on dynamic coupling model.Based on the three-dimensional potential flow theory,the hydrodynamic interference between FPSO and the shuttle tanker is considered. Finally,according to mechanical equilibrium equation,the required towing force of tug is obtained. Besides,its influence factors are also analyzed. The results show that the required towing force calculated by the dynamic coupling model is safer and more economical than that of the quasi-dynamic model.When the distance between the FPSO and the shuttle tanker is 80 m,both the safety and the economy of the system can be ensured.Increasing the distance between the two ships,increasing the draught of the shuttle tanker,and using double cable mooring between the two ships can reduce the required towing force of tug effectively. The research findings can provide technical support for tandem offloading operation,and have certain engineering practicability.
Taking the tandem offloading operation in extremely shallow water as background,the towing force required for tug of shuttle tanker is studied and a direct calculation method is proposed based on dynamic coupling model.Based on the three-dimensional potential flow theory,the hydrodynamic interference between FPSO and the shuttle tanker is considered. Finally,according to mechanical equilibrium equation,the required towing force of tug is obtained. Besides,its influence factors are also analyzed. The results show that the required towing force calculated by the dynamic coupling model is safer and more economical than that of the quasi-dynamic model.When the distance between the FPSO and the shuttle tanker is 80 m,both the safety and the economy of the system can be ensured.Increasing the distance between the two ships,increasing the draught of the shuttle tanker,and using double cable mooring between the two ships can reduce the required towing force of tug effectively. The research findings can provide technical support for tandem offloading operation,and have certain engineering practicability.
引文
[1]张蕾,贾宁.海洋油气资源的勘探与开发[J].勘探开发,2017(3):116.(ZHANG Lei,JIA Ning. Exploration and development of marine oil and gas resources[J]. Petrochemical Industry Technology,2017(3):116.(in Chinese))
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[5]王晨征,范菊,缪国平,等.FPSO串靠外输系统动力分析[J].水动力研究与进展,2016(31):730-738.(WANG Chenzheng,FAN Ju,MIAO Guoping,et al. Dynamic analysis of FPSO tandem offloading system[J]. Chinese Journal of Hydrodynamics,2016(31):730-738.(in Chinese))
[6] SANCHEZ-MONDRAGON J,VZQUEZ-HERNNDEZ A O,CHO S K,et al. Motion behavior in a turret-moored FPSO caused by piston mode effects in moonpool[J]. Ocean Engineering,2017,140:222-232.
[7]唐友刚,肖泥土,陈勃任,等.八角形FPSO与穿梭油轮串靠外输中碰撞风险分析[J].海洋工程,2017,35(2):7-12.(TANG Yougang,XIAO Nitu,CHEN Boren,et al. Risk analysis of collision for octagonal FPSO in tandem offloading operation[J].The Ocean Engineering,2017,35(2):7-12.(in Chinese))
[8]桂龙,唐友刚,秦尧,等.浅水FPSO限位作业系泊分析[J].海洋工程,2014,32(3):28-44.(GUI Long,TANG Yougang,QIN Yao,et al. Morring analysis of FPSO position limiting operation in shallow water[J]. The Ocean Engineering,2014,32(3):28-44.(in Chinese))
[9]张明霞,裴斐,刘镇方,等.基于AQWA的FPSO串靠提油作业中的拖轮适用性评估[J].中国海洋平台,2017,32(4):34-42.(ZHANG Mingxia,PEI Fei,LIU Zhengfang,et al. Suitability assessment of tug for offloading in tandem between FPSO and shuttle tanker based on AQWA[J]. China Offshore Platform,2017,32(4):34-42.(in Chinese))
[10]张明霞,刘镇方,裴斐,等.基于准动态模型的提油作业拖轮适用性分析[J].海洋工程,2017,35(4):18-28.(ZHANG Mingxia,LIU Zhengfang,PEI Fei,et al. Research on suitability of tug for offloading in tandem between FPSO and shuttle tanker based on quasi-dynamic model[J]. The Ocean Engineering,2017,35(4):18-28.(in Chinese))
[11]李欣.软钢臂系泊FPSO水动力响应研究[D].上海:上海交通大学,2005.(LI Xin. Research on hydrodynamic response of tower yoke mooring FPSO system[D]. Shanghai:Shanghai Jiao Tong University,2005.(in Chinese))
[12]王志东,刘晓健,陈剑文,等.单点系泊FPSO与油轮串靠外输时水动力干扰及运动特性研究[J].江苏科技大学学报(自然科学版),2013,27(3):205-223.(WANG Zhidong,LIU Xiaojian,CHEN Jianwen,et al. Hydrodynamic interactions and motion responses of single point moored FPSO-tanker system in tandem offloading operation[J].Journal of Jiangsu University of Science and Technology,Natural Science Edition,2013,27(3):205-223.(in Chinese))
[13]肖龙飞,杨建民,范模,等. 160 KDWT FPSO在极浅水中运动安全性研究[J].船舶力学,2006,10(1):7-14.(XIAO Longfei,YANG Jianmin,FAN Mo,et al. Research on motions and safety performance of a 160 KDWT FPSO in ultra-shallow water[J]. Journal of Ship Mechanics,2006,10(1):7-14.(in Chinese))
[14]李西亮,王树青.浅水浮式生产储卸油系统与油轮并联外输时的运动响应研究[J].中国海洋大学学报,2013,43(8):99-106.(LI Xiliang,WANG Shuqing. Motion analysis of FPSO and shuttle tanker during side-by-side offloading in shallow water[J]. Periodical of Ocean University of China,2013,43(8):99-106.(in Chinese))
[15]海洋石油外输安全控制措施[ED/OL]. http:∥www.safehoo.com/Tech/Chemical/201602/429716.shtml#,2016-02-17.
[16] OCIMF. Prediction of wind and current loads on VLCCs[S]. 2nd Edition,England:Oil Companies Marine Forum,1994.
[17]刘成义,唐友刚,李焱,等.浅水单点系泊FPSO软刚臂参数敏感性分析[J].中国舰船研究,2014,9(5):69-76.(LIU Chengyi,TANG Yougang,LI Yan,et al. Sensitivity analysis of the soft yoke parameters of FPSO mooring in shallow water[J].Chinese Journal of Ship Research,2014,9(5):69-76.(in Chinese))
[18]刘永军.基于CATIA的船体三维建模及稳性计算[D].大连:大连理工大学,2016.(LIU Yongjun. Research on ship hull3D modeling and calculation of ship stability based on the CATIA[D]. Dalian:Dalian University of Technology,2016.(in Chinese))
[19]《海洋石油工程设计指南》编委会.海洋石油工程FPSO与单点系泊系统设计[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2007.(Committee of ocean oil engineering design guideline. Design of offshore oil engineering FPSO and single point mooring system[M]. Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2007.(in Chinese))
[2]袁中立,李春.FPSO的现状与关键技术[J].石油工程建设,2005,31(6):24-29.(YUAN Zhongli,LI Chun. Current status of FPSO and its key technology[J]. Petroleum Engineering Construction,2005,31(6):24-29.(in Chinese))
[3]周魏,韦涛. FPSO外输作业研究[J].资源节约与环保,2012(5):77-82.(ZHOU Wei,WEI Tao. Research on FPSO transportation operation[J]. Resources Economization&Environmental Protection,2012(5):77-82.(in Chinese))
[4]王强.FPSO串靠外输时的多浮体系统响应分析[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工程大学,2010.(WANG Qiang. Analysis of multibody responses in FPSO tandem offloading operation[D]. Harbin:Harbin Engineering University,2010.(in Chinese))
[5]王晨征,范菊,缪国平,等.FPSO串靠外输系统动力分析[J].水动力研究与进展,2016(31):730-738.(WANG Chenzheng,FAN Ju,MIAO Guoping,et al. Dynamic analysis of FPSO tandem offloading system[J]. Chinese Journal of Hydrodynamics,2016(31):730-738.(in Chinese))
[6] SANCHEZ-MONDRAGON J,VZQUEZ-HERNNDEZ A O,CHO S K,et al. Motion behavior in a turret-moored FPSO caused by piston mode effects in moonpool[J]. Ocean Engineering,2017,140:222-232.
[7]唐友刚,肖泥土,陈勃任,等.八角形FPSO与穿梭油轮串靠外输中碰撞风险分析[J].海洋工程,2017,35(2):7-12.(TANG Yougang,XIAO Nitu,CHEN Boren,et al. Risk analysis of collision for octagonal FPSO in tandem offloading operation[J].The Ocean Engineering,2017,35(2):7-12.(in Chinese))
[8]桂龙,唐友刚,秦尧,等.浅水FPSO限位作业系泊分析[J].海洋工程,2014,32(3):28-44.(GUI Long,TANG Yougang,QIN Yao,et al. Morring analysis of FPSO position limiting operation in shallow water[J]. The Ocean Engineering,2014,32(3):28-44.(in Chinese))
[9]张明霞,裴斐,刘镇方,等.基于AQWA的FPSO串靠提油作业中的拖轮适用性评估[J].中国海洋平台,2017,32(4):34-42.(ZHANG Mingxia,PEI Fei,LIU Zhengfang,et al. Suitability assessment of tug for offloading in tandem between FPSO and shuttle tanker based on AQWA[J]. China Offshore Platform,2017,32(4):34-42.(in Chinese))
[10]张明霞,刘镇方,裴斐,等.基于准动态模型的提油作业拖轮适用性分析[J].海洋工程,2017,35(4):18-28.(ZHANG Mingxia,LIU Zhengfang,PEI Fei,et al. Research on suitability of tug for offloading in tandem between FPSO and shuttle tanker based on quasi-dynamic model[J]. The Ocean Engineering,2017,35(4):18-28.(in Chinese))
[11]李欣.软钢臂系泊FPSO水动力响应研究[D].上海:上海交通大学,2005.(LI Xin. Research on hydrodynamic response of tower yoke mooring FPSO system[D]. Shanghai:Shanghai Jiao Tong University,2005.(in Chinese))
[12]王志东,刘晓健,陈剑文,等.单点系泊FPSO与油轮串靠外输时水动力干扰及运动特性研究[J].江苏科技大学学报(自然科学版),2013,27(3):205-223.(WANG Zhidong,LIU Xiaojian,CHEN Jianwen,et al. Hydrodynamic interactions and motion responses of single point moored FPSO-tanker system in tandem offloading operation[J].Journal of Jiangsu University of Science and Technology,Natural Science Edition,2013,27(3):205-223.(in Chinese))
[13]肖龙飞,杨建民,范模,等. 160 KDWT FPSO在极浅水中运动安全性研究[J].船舶力学,2006,10(1):7-14.(XIAO Longfei,YANG Jianmin,FAN Mo,et al. Research on motions and safety performance of a 160 KDWT FPSO in ultra-shallow water[J]. Journal of Ship Mechanics,2006,10(1):7-14.(in Chinese))
[14]李西亮,王树青.浅水浮式生产储卸油系统与油轮并联外输时的运动响应研究[J].中国海洋大学学报,2013,43(8):99-106.(LI Xiliang,WANG Shuqing. Motion analysis of FPSO and shuttle tanker during side-by-side offloading in shallow water[J]. Periodical of Ocean University of China,2013,43(8):99-106.(in Chinese))
[15]海洋石油外输安全控制措施[ED/OL]. http:∥www.safehoo.com/Tech/Chemical/201602/429716.shtml#,2016-02-17.
[16] OCIMF. Prediction of wind and current loads on VLCCs[S]. 2nd Edition,England:Oil Companies Marine Forum,1994.
[17]刘成义,唐友刚,李焱,等.浅水单点系泊FPSO软刚臂参数敏感性分析[J].中国舰船研究,2014,9(5):69-76.(LIU Chengyi,TANG Yougang,LI Yan,et al. Sensitivity analysis of the soft yoke parameters of FPSO mooring in shallow water[J].Chinese Journal of Ship Research,2014,9(5):69-76.(in Chinese))
[18]刘永军.基于CATIA的船体三维建模及稳性计算[D].大连:大连理工大学,2016.(LIU Yongjun. Research on ship hull3D modeling and calculation of ship stability based on the CATIA[D]. Dalian:Dalian University of Technology,2016.(in Chinese))
[19]《海洋石油工程设计指南》编委会.海洋石油工程FPSO与单点系泊系统设计[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2007.(Committee of ocean oil engineering design guideline. Design of offshore oil engineering FPSO and single point mooring system[M]. Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2007.(in Chinese))
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