三相LCL型并网逆变器的阻抗建模及特性分析
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摘要
考虑锁相环、电流调节器(含dq轴解耦系数)、LCL型滤波器等环节,并计及运行工作点,采用谐波线性化的方法建立了三相LCL型并网逆变器正、负序阻抗模型,并基于PSCAD/EMTDC对阻抗模型进行仿真验证。详细分析了锁相环、电流调节器控制参数及滤波器参数对阻抗特性的影响,结果表明:锁相环比例和积分增益对并网逆变器阻抗特性的影响主要在工频附近,而电流调节器比例和积分增益则在次同步和超同步频域均有一定的影响;锁相环和电流调节器积分增益主要影响逆变器工频附近的幅频特性和相频特性;电流调节器比例增益对逆变器正序阻抗特性的影响较大,而锁相环比例增益的影响较小。
Considering the PLL(Phase Locked Loop),current regulator(including dq-axis decoupling coefficient),LCL filter,etc.,and taking into account the operating point,the positive and negative sequence impedance models of three-phase LCL grid-connected inverter are established by harmonic linearization method and verified by PSCAD/EMTDC. The effects of the control parameters of PLL,current regulator and filter on impedance characteristics are analyzed in detail. The results show that the influence of the proportional and integral gains of PLL on the impedance characteristics of grid-connected inverter is mainly in the vicinity of the base frequency,and the proportional and integral gains of current regulator have certain influence in the sub synchronous and super synchronous frequency domains. The integral gains of PLL and current loop mainly affect the amplitude-frequency characteristics and phase-frequency characteristics of inverter near the base frequency. The proportional gain of current regulator has a great influence on the positive sequence impedance characteristics of inverter,while the proportional gain of PLL has less influence.
Considering the PLL(Phase Locked Loop),current regulator(including dq-axis decoupling coefficient),LCL filter,etc.,and taking into account the operating point,the positive and negative sequence impedance models of three-phase LCL grid-connected inverter are established by harmonic linearization method and verified by PSCAD/EMTDC. The effects of the control parameters of PLL,current regulator and filter on impedance characteristics are analyzed in detail. The results show that the influence of the proportional and integral gains of PLL on the impedance characteristics of grid-connected inverter is mainly in the vicinity of the base frequency,and the proportional and integral gains of current regulator have certain influence in the sub synchronous and super synchronous frequency domains. The integral gains of PLL and current loop mainly affect the amplitude-frequency characteristics and phase-frequency characteristics of inverter near the base frequency. The proportional gain of current regulator has a great influence on the positive sequence impedance characteristics of inverter,while the proportional gain of PLL has less influence.
引文
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[18] 周林,张密,居秀丽,等.电网阻抗对大型并网光伏系统稳定性影响分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2013,33(34):34-41,9.ZHOU Lin,ZHANG Mi,JU Xiuli,et al.Stability analysis of large-scale photovoltaic plants due to grid impedances[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2013,33(34):34-41,9.
[19] 杨洪雨.双馈异步发电机系统阻抗建模及稳定性分析[D].杭州:浙江大学,2016.YANG Hongyu.The impedance modeling and stability analysis of doubly fed induction generator system[D].Hangzhou:Zhejiang University,2016.
[2] 方刚,杨勇,卢进军,等.三相光伏并网逆变器电网高阻抗谐振抑制方法[J].电力自动化设备,2018,38(2):109-116.FANG Gang,YANG Yong,LU Jinjun,et al.Resonance suppression method of high impedance power grid for three-phase photovoltaic grid-connected inverters[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2018,38(2):109-116.
[3] 周林,龙崦平,张密,等.带LCL滤波器的单相并网逆变器低频振荡现象分析[J].电力自动化设备,2014,34(1):67-71.ZHOU Lin,LONG Yanping,ZHANG Mi,et al.Analysis of low frequency oscillation in single-phase grid-connected inverter with LCL filter[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2014,34(1):67-71.
[4] LIU H,XIE X,HE J,et al.Subsynchronous interaction between direct-drive PMSG based wind farms and weak AC networks[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,2017,32(6):4708-4720.
[5] LI C.Unstable operation of photovoltaic inverter from field expe-riences[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2018,33(2):1013-1015.
[6] SUN J,BING Z H,KARIMI K J.Input impedance modeling of multipulse rectifiers by harmonic linearization[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2009,24(12):2812-2820.
[7] SUN J.Impedance-based stability criterion for grid-connected inverters[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2011,26(11):3075-3078.
[8] CHEN X,SUN J.Characterization of inverter-grid interactions using a hardware-in-the-loop system test-bed[C]//8th International Conference on Power Electronics-ECCE Asia.Jeju,South Korea:IEEE,2011:2180-2187.
[9] 周林,张密.大型光伏电站谐振现象分析[J].电力自动化设备,2014,34(6):8-14.ZHOU Lin,ZHANG Mi.Analysis of resonance phenomenon in large-scale photovoltaic power plant[J].Electric Power Automation Equip-ment,2014,34(6):8-14.
[10] 韩刚,蔡旭.虚拟同步发电机输出阻抗建模与弱电网适应性研究[J].电力自动化设备,2017,37(12):116-122.HAN Gang,CAI Xu.Output impedance modeling of virtual synchronous generator and its adaptability study in a weak grid[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2017,37(12):116-122.
[11] SUN J.Small-signal methods for electric ship power systems[C]//2009 IEEE Electric Ship Technologies Symposium.Baltimore,MD,USA:IEEE,2009:44-52.
[12] SUN J.Small-signal methods for AC distributed power systems-a review[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2009,24(11):2545-2554.
[13] 陈新,张旸,王赟程.基于阻抗分析法研究光伏并网逆变器与电网的动态交互影响[J].中国电机工程学报,2014,34(27):4559-4567.CHEN Xin,ZHANG Yang,WANG Yuncheng.A study of dynamic interaction between PV grid-connected inverters and grid based on the impedance analysis method[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2014,34(27):4559-4567.
[14] CESPEDES M,SUN J.Methods for stability analysis of unbalanced three-phase systems[C]//2012 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE).Raleigh,NC,USA:IEEE,2012:3090-3097.
[15] SUN J,KARIMI K J.Small-signal input impedance modeling of line-frequency rectifiers[J].IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Elec- tronic Systems,2008,44(4):1489-1497.
[16] CESPEDES M,SUN J.Impedance modeling and analysis of grid-connected voltage-source converters[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2014,29(3):1254-1261.
[17] 王赟程,陈新,陈杰,等.基于谐波线性化的三相LCL型并网逆变器正负序阻抗建模分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(21):5890-5898,6033.WANG Yuncheng,CHEN Xin,CHEN Jie,et al.Analysis of positive-sequence and negative-sequence impedance modeling of three-phase LCL-type grid-connected inverters based on harmonic linearization[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(21):5890-5898,6033.
[18] 周林,张密,居秀丽,等.电网阻抗对大型并网光伏系统稳定性影响分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2013,33(34):34-41,9.ZHOU Lin,ZHANG Mi,JU Xiuli,et al.Stability analysis of large-scale photovoltaic plants due to grid impedances[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2013,33(34):34-41,9.
[19] 杨洪雨.双馈异步发电机系统阻抗建模及稳定性分析[D].杭州:浙江大学,2016.YANG Hongyu.The impedance modeling and stability analysis of doubly fed induction generator system[D].Hangzhou:Zhejiang University,2016.