地裂缝-隧道-围岩动力相互作用模型试验研究
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摘要
为了研究在地铁列车振动荷载情况下盾构隧道-地裂缝-围岩相互耦合作用下的场地灾害效应,从西安地裂缝地质环境和西安地铁2号线的实际工程背景出发,采用相似理论设计了相似比例尺为1∶5的物理模型试验,对盾构隧道、围岩材料、地裂缝等进行了合理设计。基于偏心块的振动原理,课题组自主研发了列车激振器来模拟地铁列车荷载,激振方式采用移动荷载激振方式,分析在不同列车车速和激振频率下地裂缝两侧土体的加速度变化情况,以此来研究地铁隧道-地裂缝-围岩系统在地铁振动荷载作用下的动力响应规律。结果表明,列车振动向下传播时振动衰减的幅度要小于向上传播衰减的幅度,由此为实际工程中减少地铁振动灾害效应技术的发展提供了理论支撑。
To study the site hazard effect induced by the dynamic interaction among ground fissure, metro tunnel, and surrounding rock under the load of subway vibration, the geological environment of the ground fissures in Xi'an and the actual engineering design of Xi'an Metro Line 2 were selected as the background. A physical model test with a similar scale of 1∶5 was designed using the similarity theory. Then the shield tunnel, surrounding rock material, and ground fissures were reasonably designed. A vibrator was used in the model test to simulate the load of metro train vibration, and fixed-point excitation and moving-point excitation were both applied to analyze the dynamic response among ground fissure, metro tunnel, and surrounding rock under subway vibration load. The analysis results can provide a scientific basis for the safe running of subways.
To study the site hazard effect induced by the dynamic interaction among ground fissure, metro tunnel, and surrounding rock under the load of subway vibration, the geological environment of the ground fissures in Xi'an and the actual engineering design of Xi'an Metro Line 2 were selected as the background. A physical model test with a similar scale of 1∶5 was designed using the similarity theory. Then the shield tunnel, surrounding rock material, and ground fissures were reasonably designed. A vibrator was used in the model test to simulate the load of metro train vibration, and fixed-point excitation and moving-point excitation were both applied to analyze the dynamic response among ground fissure, metro tunnel, and surrounding rock under subway vibration load. The analysis results can provide a scientific basis for the safe running of subways.
引文
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[12] 丁智,李丹薇,谢宗星,等.地铁列车荷载作用下黏弹性地基动应力特征分析[J].地震工程学报,2016,38(6):889-895.DING Zhi,LI Danwei,XIE Zongxing,et al.Dynamic Stress Characteristics of Viscoelastic Foundations under Subway Train Loads[J].China Earthquake Engineering Journal,2016,38(6):889-895.
[2] 门玉明,张结红,刘洪佳,等.西安地铁隧道穿越地裂缝带的计算模型探讨[J],地球科学与环境学报,2011,33(1):95-100.MEN Yuming,ZHANG Jiehong,LIU Hongjia,et al.Discussion on the Computing Model for Xi’an Metro Tunnel Passing Through the Ground Fissure Zone[J].Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,2011,33(1):95-100.
[3] 陶连金,李晓霖,陆熙,等.地铁诱发地面运动的衰减规律的研究分析[J].世界地震工程,2003,19(1):83-87.TAO Lianjin,LI Xiaolin,LU Xi,et al.Study on Attenuation Law of Ground Motion Induced by Subway Shock[J].World Earthquake Engineering,2003,19(1):83-87.
[4] KURZWEIL L G.Ground-bome Noise and Vibration from Underground Rail Systems[J].Journal of Sound and Vibration,1979,66(3):363-370.
[5] 唐益群,张曦,赵书凯,等.地铁振动荷载作用下隧道周围饱和软黏土分形研究[J].土木工程学报,2007,40(11):86-91.TANG Yiqun,ZHANG Xi,ZHAO Shukai,et al.A Study on the Fractals of Saturated Soft Clay Surrounding Subway Tunnels under Dynamic Loads[J].China Civil Engineeringjournal,2007,40(11):86-91.
[6] 丁德云,刘维宁,李克飞,等.地铁振动的地表低频响应预测研究[J].土木工程学报,2011,44(11):106-114.DING Deyun,LIU Weining,LI Kefei,et al.Prediction of low-frequency Ground Response to Metro Induced Vibrations[J].China Civil Engineeringjournal,2011,44(11):106-114.
[7] 潘旦光,高莉莉,靳国豪,等.结构-土-结构体系动力特性的模型实验[J],北京科技大学学报,2014,36(12):1720-1728.PAN Danguang,GAO Lili,JIN Guohao,et al.Model Test of the Dynamic Characteristics of a Structure-soil-structure System[J],Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing,2014,36(12):1720-1728.
[8] 熊田芳,邵生俊,王天明,等.西安地铁正交地裂缝隧道的模型试验研究[J].岩土力学,2010,31(1):179-186.XIONG Tianfang,SHAO Shengjun,WANG Tianming,et al.Research on Physical Model Experiment of Xi’an Metro Tunnel Orthogonally Crossing Ground Fissure[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2010,31(1):179-186.
[9] 张家明.西安地裂缝研究[M].西安:西北大学出版社,1990.ZHANG Jiaming.Research on Xi’an Ground Fissures[M].Xi’an:Northwestern University Press,1990.
[10] 刘淑红,郑宝瑞,胡青华.地震荷载作用下带裂纹重载铁路隧道的动态断裂[J].地震工程学报,2018,40(1):1-5.LIU Shuhong,ZHENG Baorui,HU Qinghua.Dynamic Fracture of Heavy Haul Railway Tunnels with Cracks under Seismic Loads[J].China Earthguake Engineering Journal,2018,40(1):1-5.
[11] 张向东,任岷,等.地铁诱发地下土层振动实测与分析[J].建筑结构,2010(增刊):142-145.ZHANG Xiangdong,REN Min,YAN Weiming,et al.Vibration Measurement and Analysis of Metro Train Wave under Ground[J]Journal of Building Structures,2010(Supp):142-145.
[12] 丁智,李丹薇,谢宗星,等.地铁列车荷载作用下黏弹性地基动应力特征分析[J].地震工程学报,2016,38(6):889-895.DING Zhi,LI Danwei,XIE Zongxing,et al.Dynamic Stress Characteristics of Viscoelastic Foundations under Subway Train Loads[J].China Earthquake Engineering Journal,2016,38(6):889-895.
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