基于两步优化的介电谱特征参数辨识方法及其应用
|
摘要
为了能够通过拟合介电谱的方式获得绝缘材料的绝缘状态,在Cole-Cole模型下提出了基于两步优化的绝缘材料介电谱特征参数辨识方法。根据绝缘材料的普适弛豫定律,推导形成了一套较为完整的Cole-Cole模型初值获取方法;采用与拟合误差情况更匹配的目标函数,提出基于全局搜索与局部搜索相结合的两步优化对各特征参数进行优化计算,有效地解决了传统辨识方法容易陷入局部极小点甚至发散的问题。运用3种典型的介电谱特征参数辨识方法和所提方法,对数值产生和实测的介电谱进行计算,验证了所提方法的优越性。实验测量了低密度聚乙烯(LDPE)样本直流加压注入空间电荷后的介电谱,运用所提方法辨识不同去极化时刻LDPE介电谱的特征参数。结果表明:不同去极化时间下,通过所提方法均能较好地逼近实测介电谱,且随着频率的升高,复介电常数的实部、虚部的减小速度存在下降的趋势。
In order to obtain the insulation condition of insulating materials by the way of dielectric spectrum fitting,based on two-step optimization and Cole-Cole model,a dielectric spectrum characteristic parameter identification method is proposed for insulating materials. According to the universal relaxation law of insulating materials,a relatively complete initial value acquisition method of Cole-Cole model is formed by derivation. The objective function that better consistent with fitting error is adopted. The two-step optimization combining global search and local search is proposed and used to optimize the characteristic parameters,which effectively solves the problem that the traditio-nal identification methods easily fall into the local minima or even diverge. Three existing typical methods and the proposed method are used to calculate the numerically generated and measured dielectric spectra,and the superiority of the proposed method is verified by the calculation results. The dielectric spectrums of LDPE(Low-Density PolyEthylene) samples injected with space charge by DC voltage are measured,and the characteristic parameters of LDPE dielectric spectrum at different depolarization times are identified by the proposed method. The results reveal that all the measured dielectric spectra with different depolarization times can be fitted well by the proposed method,and the descent speeds of real and imaginary parts of complex permittivity decrease with the increase of frequency.
In order to obtain the insulation condition of insulating materials by the way of dielectric spectrum fitting,based on two-step optimization and Cole-Cole model,a dielectric spectrum characteristic parameter identification method is proposed for insulating materials. According to the universal relaxation law of insulating materials,a relatively complete initial value acquisition method of Cole-Cole model is formed by derivation. The objective function that better consistent with fitting error is adopted. The two-step optimization combining global search and local search is proposed and used to optimize the characteristic parameters,which effectively solves the problem that the traditio-nal identification methods easily fall into the local minima or even diverge. Three existing typical methods and the proposed method are used to calculate the numerically generated and measured dielectric spectra,and the superiority of the proposed method is verified by the calculation results. The dielectric spectrums of LDPE(Low-Density PolyEthylene) samples injected with space charge by DC voltage are measured,and the characteristic parameters of LDPE dielectric spectrum at different depolarization times are identified by the proposed method. The results reveal that all the measured dielectric spectra with different depolarization times can be fitted well by the proposed method,and the descent speeds of real and imaginary parts of complex permittivity decrease with the increase of frequency.
引文
[1] 刘捷丰,张镱议,徐建建,等.扩展Debye模型大时间常数与变压器油纸绝缘老化的定量关系研究[J].电力自动化设备,2017,37(3):197-202.LIU Jiefeng,ZHANG Yiyi,XU Jianjian,et al.Quantitative relation-ship between aging condition of transformer oil-paper insulation and large time constant of extend Debye model[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2017,37(3):197-202.
[2] 黎成林,曹保江,孙健翔,等.基于FDS的变压器油浸纸老化程度与水分含量评估方法[J].电力自动化设备,2017,37(1):217-223.LI Chenglin,CAO Baojiang,SUN Jianxiang,et al.FDS-based assess-ment of aging degree and moisture content for oil-paper in transformer[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2017,37(1):217-223.
[3] 李军浩,司文荣,姚秀,等.油纸绝缘变压器老化状态评估的极化/去极化电流技术研究[J].仪器仪表学报,2009,30(12):2605-2611.LI Junhao,SI Wenrong,YAO Xiu,et al.Study of polarization and depolarization current measurements for assessment of aging state of oil-paper insulated transformers[J].Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument,2009,30(12):2605-2611.
[4] 陈汉城,蔡金锭.基于多时域特征参量的变压器油纸绝缘状态综合评估[J].电力自动化设备,2017,37(7):184-190.CHEN Hancheng,CAI Jinding.Synthetic insulation state evaluation based on multiple time-domain characteristic parameters for transformer oil-paper[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2017,37(7):184-190.
[5] 殷之文.电介质物理学[M].北京:科学出版社,2003:556-568.
[6] COLE K S,COLE R H.Dispersion and absorption in dielectrics I.alternating current characteristics[J].Journal of Chemical Physics,1941,10(2):98-105.
[7] JONSCHER A K.普适弛豫定律[M].西安:西安交通大学出版社,2008:130-150.
[8] 廖瑞金,杨丽君,郑含博,等.电力变压器油纸绝缘热老化研究综述[J].电工技术学报,2012,27(5):1-12.LIAO Ruijin,YANG Lijun,ZHENG Hanbo,et al.Reviews on oil-paper insulation thermal aging in power transformers[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2012,27(5):1-12.
[9] 赵赢峰,周利军,吴广宁,等.基于改进回复电压法的XLPE电力电缆绝缘水树老化评估[J].绝缘材料,2012,45(6):51-55.ZHAO Yingfeng,ZHOU Lijun,WU Guangning,et al.Water-treed assess of XLPE power cable insulation based on improved recovery voltage method[J].Insulating Materials,2012,45(6):51-55.
[10] 王兵.汽轮发电机主绝缘多因子老化的介电响应特性研究[D].成都:西南交通大学,2016.WANG Bing.Research on characteristics of multi-factor aging in generator stator insulation based on dielectric response[D].Chengdu:Southwest Jiaotong University,2016.
[11] FARAHANI M,BORSI H,GOCKENBACH E.Dielectric response studies on insulating system of high voltage rotating machines[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation,2006,13(2):383-393.
[12] 刘骥.基于PDC分析的时频混合绝缘诊断方法研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨理工大学,2014.LIU Ji.Investigation of time-frequency hybrid insulation diagnosis method based on PDC analysis[D].Harbin:Harbin University of Science and Technology,2014.
[13] 梁贵书,王雁超.考虑频变参数的油浸式变压器绕组分数阶传输线模型[J].电工技术学报,2016,31(17):178-186.LIANG Guishu,WANG Yanchao.Fractional transmission line model of oil-immersed transformer winding considering frequency depen-dent parameters[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2016,31(17):178-186.
[14] GROSSE C.A program for the fitting of Debye,Cole-Cole,Cole-Davidson,and Havriliak-Negami dispersions to dielectric data[J].Journal of Colloid & Interface Science,2014,419(4):102-106.
[15] 杨丽君,齐超亮,邓帮飞,等.采用修正Cole-Cole模型提取油纸绝缘频域介电谱的特征参量方法[J].高电压技术,2013,39(2):310-317.YANG Lijun,QI Chaoliang,DENG Bangfei,et al.Application of mo-dified Cole-Cole model to extract characteristics of frequency dielectric spectroscopy of oil-paper insulation[J].High Voltage Enginee-ring,2013,39(2):310-317.
[16] TUNCER E,GUBANSKI S M.Electrical properties of filled silicone rubber[J].Journal of Physics Condensed Matter,2000,12(8):1873.
[17] BANDARA K,EKANAYAKE C,SAHA T K.Analysis of frequency domain dielectric response of pressboard insulation impregnated with different insulating liquids[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation,2016,23(4):2042-2050.
[18] DONG M,REN M,WEN F,et al.Explanation and analysis of oil-paper insulation based on frequency-domain dielectric spectroscopy[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation,2015,22(5):2684-2693.
[2] 黎成林,曹保江,孙健翔,等.基于FDS的变压器油浸纸老化程度与水分含量评估方法[J].电力自动化设备,2017,37(1):217-223.LI Chenglin,CAO Baojiang,SUN Jianxiang,et al.FDS-based assess-ment of aging degree and moisture content for oil-paper in transformer[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2017,37(1):217-223.
[3] 李军浩,司文荣,姚秀,等.油纸绝缘变压器老化状态评估的极化/去极化电流技术研究[J].仪器仪表学报,2009,30(12):2605-2611.LI Junhao,SI Wenrong,YAO Xiu,et al.Study of polarization and depolarization current measurements for assessment of aging state of oil-paper insulated transformers[J].Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument,2009,30(12):2605-2611.
[4] 陈汉城,蔡金锭.基于多时域特征参量的变压器油纸绝缘状态综合评估[J].电力自动化设备,2017,37(7):184-190.CHEN Hancheng,CAI Jinding.Synthetic insulation state evaluation based on multiple time-domain characteristic parameters for transformer oil-paper[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2017,37(7):184-190.
[5] 殷之文.电介质物理学[M].北京:科学出版社,2003:556-568.
[6] COLE K S,COLE R H.Dispersion and absorption in dielectrics I.alternating current characteristics[J].Journal of Chemical Physics,1941,10(2):98-105.
[7] JONSCHER A K.普适弛豫定律[M].西安:西安交通大学出版社,2008:130-150.
[8] 廖瑞金,杨丽君,郑含博,等.电力变压器油纸绝缘热老化研究综述[J].电工技术学报,2012,27(5):1-12.LIAO Ruijin,YANG Lijun,ZHENG Hanbo,et al.Reviews on oil-paper insulation thermal aging in power transformers[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2012,27(5):1-12.
[9] 赵赢峰,周利军,吴广宁,等.基于改进回复电压法的XLPE电力电缆绝缘水树老化评估[J].绝缘材料,2012,45(6):51-55.ZHAO Yingfeng,ZHOU Lijun,WU Guangning,et al.Water-treed assess of XLPE power cable insulation based on improved recovery voltage method[J].Insulating Materials,2012,45(6):51-55.
[10] 王兵.汽轮发电机主绝缘多因子老化的介电响应特性研究[D].成都:西南交通大学,2016.WANG Bing.Research on characteristics of multi-factor aging in generator stator insulation based on dielectric response[D].Chengdu:Southwest Jiaotong University,2016.
[11] FARAHANI M,BORSI H,GOCKENBACH E.Dielectric response studies on insulating system of high voltage rotating machines[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation,2006,13(2):383-393.
[12] 刘骥.基于PDC分析的时频混合绝缘诊断方法研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨理工大学,2014.LIU Ji.Investigation of time-frequency hybrid insulation diagnosis method based on PDC analysis[D].Harbin:Harbin University of Science and Technology,2014.
[13] 梁贵书,王雁超.考虑频变参数的油浸式变压器绕组分数阶传输线模型[J].电工技术学报,2016,31(17):178-186.LIANG Guishu,WANG Yanchao.Fractional transmission line model of oil-immersed transformer winding considering frequency depen-dent parameters[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2016,31(17):178-186.
[14] GROSSE C.A program for the fitting of Debye,Cole-Cole,Cole-Davidson,and Havriliak-Negami dispersions to dielectric data[J].Journal of Colloid & Interface Science,2014,419(4):102-106.
[15] 杨丽君,齐超亮,邓帮飞,等.采用修正Cole-Cole模型提取油纸绝缘频域介电谱的特征参量方法[J].高电压技术,2013,39(2):310-317.YANG Lijun,QI Chaoliang,DENG Bangfei,et al.Application of mo-dified Cole-Cole model to extract characteristics of frequency dielectric spectroscopy of oil-paper insulation[J].High Voltage Enginee-ring,2013,39(2):310-317.
[16] TUNCER E,GUBANSKI S M.Electrical properties of filled silicone rubber[J].Journal of Physics Condensed Matter,2000,12(8):1873.
[17] BANDARA K,EKANAYAKE C,SAHA T K.Analysis of frequency domain dielectric response of pressboard insulation impregnated with different insulating liquids[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation,2016,23(4):2042-2050.
[18] DONG M,REN M,WEN F,et al.Explanation and analysis of oil-paper insulation based on frequency-domain dielectric spectroscopy[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation,2015,22(5):2684-2693.