热处理对铝/镁合金复合板连接界面组织和性能的影响
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摘要
对爆炸焊接方法制备的铝/镁合金复合板进行不同温度的后续退火处理。分别采用扫描电镜(SEM)、能谱仪(EDS)和电子背散射衍射仪(EBSD)对复合板接合界面的扩散层成分、物相以及组织形貌特征进行了分析。结果表明:随着退火温度的升高,复合板接合界面镁铝金属间化合物扩散层的厚度呈增大的趋势;扩散层由两层组成,分别为靠近镁合金一侧的Mg_(17)Al_(12)相金属间化合物层和靠近铝合金一侧的Mg_2Al_3相金属间化合物层;Mg_(17)Al_(12)相扩散层的组织形貌呈现柱状晶形态,而Mg_2Al_3相扩散层呈现细小的等轴晶形态。对复合板进行拉伸试验分析,结果表明:随着退火温度的升高,复合板的抗拉强度呈现下降的趋势,而伸长率呈现逐渐增大的趋势;退火铝/镁合金复合板的失效断裂路径为沿着Mg_(17)Al_(12)相扩散层及Mg_2Al_3相扩散层的接合界面。
The aluminum/magnesium alloy cladding plate prepared by explosive welding was annealed at different temperatures. The composition, phase and microstructure of diffusion layer at the interface of the cladding plate were analyzed by means of scanning electron microscopy(SEM), energy dispersive spectrometer(EDS) analysis and electron back scatter diffraction(EBSD) technique. The results show that the thickness of Mg-Al intermetallic compound diffusion layer increases with the increase of annealing temperature, and the diffusion layer consists of two layers:Mg_(17)Al_(12) intermetallic layer near the side of magnesium alloy and Mg_2Al_3 intermetallic layer near the side of aluminum alloy, the morphology of the Mg_(17)Al_(12) phase diffusion layer is columnar, while that of the Mg_2Al_3 phase diffusion layer is fine equiaxed crystal morphology. The tensile test results show that with the increase of annealing temperature, the tensile strength of the cladding plate decreases and the elongation increases gradually. The failure fracture path of the cladding plate after annealing is along the interface of the Mg_(17)Al_(12) phase diffusion layer and the Mg_2Al_3 phase diffusion layer.
The aluminum/magnesium alloy cladding plate prepared by explosive welding was annealed at different temperatures. The composition, phase and microstructure of diffusion layer at the interface of the cladding plate were analyzed by means of scanning electron microscopy(SEM), energy dispersive spectrometer(EDS) analysis and electron back scatter diffraction(EBSD) technique. The results show that the thickness of Mg-Al intermetallic compound diffusion layer increases with the increase of annealing temperature, and the diffusion layer consists of two layers:Mg_(17)Al_(12) intermetallic layer near the side of magnesium alloy and Mg_2Al_3 intermetallic layer near the side of aluminum alloy, the morphology of the Mg_(17)Al_(12) phase diffusion layer is columnar, while that of the Mg_2Al_3 phase diffusion layer is fine equiaxed crystal morphology. The tensile test results show that with the increase of annealing temperature, the tensile strength of the cladding plate decreases and the elongation increases gradually. The failure fracture path of the cladding plate after annealing is along the interface of the Mg_(17)Al_(12) phase diffusion layer and the Mg_2Al_3 phase diffusion layer.
引文
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[2] Cai Y,Wan L,Guo Z H,et al.Hot deformation characteristics of AZ80 magnesium alloy:Work hardening effect and processing parameter sensitivities[J].Materials Science and Engineering A,2017,687:113-122.
[3] Chung I C,Chung C K,Su Y K.Effect of current density and concentration on microstructure and corrosion behavior of 6061 Al alloy in sulfuric acid[J].Surface and Coatings Technology,2017,313:299-306.
[4] Zhang J,Luo G,Wang Y,et al.Effect of Al thin film and Ni foil interlayer on diffusion bonded Mg-Al dissimilar joints[J].Journal of Alloys and Compounds,2013,556(4):139-142.
[5] 吕学奇,杨春靓,武传松.铝-镁合金的超声振动强化搅拌摩擦焊试验研究[J].机械工程学报,2016,52(24):58-64.Lü Xue-qi,YANG Chun-liang,WU Chuan-song.Experimental investigation on ultrasonic vibration enhanced FSW of Al-Mg dissimilar materials[J].Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2016,52(24):58-64.
[6] 张婷婷,王文先,袁晓丹,等.Mg/Al合金爆炸焊连接及其界面接合机制[J].机械工程学报,2016,52(12):52-58.ZHANG Ting-ting,WANG Wen-xian,YUAN Xiao-dan,et al.Interface bonding mechanism of Mg/Al alloy explosive welded[J].Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2016,52(12):52-58.
[7] Macwan A,Jiang X Q,Li C,et al.Effect of annealing on interface microstructures and tensile properties of rolled Al/Mg/Al tri-layer clad sheets[J].Materials Science and Engineering A,2013,587:344-351.
[8] Nie H,Liang W,Chi C,et al.Effect of annealing on microstructure and tensile properties of 5052/AZ31/5052 clad sheets[J].JOM,2015,68(5):1-11.
[9] Zhang N,Wang W,Cao X,et al.The effect of annealing on the interface microstructure and mechanical characteristics of AZ31B/AA6061 composite plates fabricated by explosive welding[J].Materials and Design,2015,65:1100-1109.
[10] GB/T 6396—2008.复合钢板力学及工艺性能试验方法[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2008.
[11] Qiao X,Li X,Zhang X,et al.Intermetallics formed at interface of ultrafine grained Al/Mg bi-layered disks processed by high pressure torsion at room temperature[J].Materials Letters,2016,181:187-190.
[12] 陶晓明.超声波点焊中铝镁焊接强度的研究[J].黑龙江科技信息,2014(11):49-49.TAO Xiao-ming.Study on welding strength of aluminum and magnesium in ultrasonic spot welding[J].Heilongjiang Science and Technology Information,2014(11):49-49.
[13] Qiao X,Li X,Zhang X,et al.Intermetallics formed at interface of ultrafine grained Al/Mg bi-layered disks processed by high pressure torsion at room temperature[J].Materials Letters,2016,181:187-190.
[14] Wang L,Wang Y,Prangnell P,et al.Modeling of intermetallic compounds growth between dissimilar metals[J].Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A,2015,46(9):4106-4114.
[15] Gui Z X,Wang K,Zhang Y S,et al.Cracking and interfacial debonding of the Al-Si coating in hot stamping of pre-coated boron steel[J].Applied Surface Science,2014,316(15):595-603.
[16] Fronczek D M,Chulist R,Litynska-Dobrzynska L,et al.Microstructure and kinetics of intermetallic phase growth of three-layered A1050/AZ31/A1050 clads prepared by explosive welding combined with subsequent annealing[J].Materials and Design,2017,130:120-130.
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