软磁复合材料永磁电机的6σ稳健多学科设计优化方法
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摘要
软磁复合材料作为一种新型软磁材料,因其独特的电磁特性被大量地应用于永磁电机的设计和研制中。这种材料三维各向同性,涡流损耗小,且可以直接模压成所需要的结构和形状,从而非常适合于复杂结构的电机设计,如横向磁通电机和爪极电机。为了提高这种电机的工业应用范围,需要展开以下两方面的研究工作:一是多学科设计和优化,主要涉及电磁分析和温度场分析;二是稳健设计和优化,主要考虑的是工程制造过程中的制造误差等因素对电机性能的影响。本文将研究基于多学科设计框架下的软磁复合材料永磁电机的6σ稳健设计优化方法。研究结果显示:新提出的方法能充分地考虑电机的性能参数,如功率和材料价格,同时又能满足温度场的设计要求。相对于传统的确定性设计优化方法,该方法能显著地提升电机的性能和可靠性,为其大规模工业生产和应用打下坚实的基础。
Soft magnetic composite(SMC) is a new kind of magnetic material, which has been widely used in the design of permanent magnet machines due to its unique electromagnetic characteristic. The cores made by SMC are isotropic magnetically and mechanically with lower eddy current loss, and can be manufactured by molded technology. Therefore, this material is promising for the design of motors with complex structure, such as transverse flux machine and claw pole motor. To improve the application of the motors made by SMC, two main research topics need to be investigated.The first one is the multidisciplinary design optimization, which mainly includes the electromagnetic analysis and thermal analysis. The second one is the robust design optimization, which mainly investigates the manufacturing precision/tolerances in the engineering manufacturing process and their effects on motor's performance. The main aim of this work is to present a Six Sigma(6σ) robust designoptimization method for SMC motors under the framework of multidisciplinary design optimization.From the discussion, it can be found that the proposed method can improve the motor's performance while keeping the requirements in term of temperature rise conditions. Compared with traditional deterministic design approach, the new method can improve the reliability of the designed motor significantly, which will benefit the batch production of SMC motors in industry.
Soft magnetic composite(SMC) is a new kind of magnetic material, which has been widely used in the design of permanent magnet machines due to its unique electromagnetic characteristic. The cores made by SMC are isotropic magnetically and mechanically with lower eddy current loss, and can be manufactured by molded technology. Therefore, this material is promising for the design of motors with complex structure, such as transverse flux machine and claw pole motor. To improve the application of the motors made by SMC, two main research topics need to be investigated.The first one is the multidisciplinary design optimization, which mainly includes the electromagnetic analysis and thermal analysis. The second one is the robust design optimization, which mainly investigates the manufacturing precision/tolerances in the engineering manufacturing process and their effects on motor's performance. The main aim of this work is to present a Six Sigma(6σ) robust designoptimization method for SMC motors under the framework of multidisciplinary design optimization.From the discussion, it can be found that the proposed method can improve the motor's performance while keeping the requirements in term of temperature rise conditions. Compared with traditional deterministic design approach, the new method can improve the reliability of the designed motor significantly, which will benefit the batch production of SMC motors in industry.
引文
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[14]Maloberti O,Figueredo R,Marchand C,et al.3-D-2-D dynamic magnetic modeling of an axial flux permanent magnet motor with soft magnetic composites for hybrid electric vehicle[J].IEEETransactions on Magnetics,2014,50(6):1-11.
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[16]Koch P N,Yang R J,Gu L.Design for six Sigma through robust optimization[J].Structural and Multidisciplinary Optimization,2004,26(3-4):235-248.
[17]雷刚,李燕斌,邵可然,等.超导磁储能系统的序贯Kriging优化方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2009,29(18):119-124.Lei Gang,Li Yanbing,Shao Keran,et al.The sequential Kriging optimization method of superconducting magnetic energy storage system[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2009,29(18):119-124.
[18]Wang Linda,Lowther D A.Selection of approximation models for electromagnetic device optimization[J].IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,2006,42(2):1227-1230.
[19]Lophaven S N,Nielsen H B,Sondergaard J.Dace:a Matlab Kriging toolbox version 2.0[R].Technical Report IMM-TR-2002-12,Technical University of Denmark,Copenhagen,2002.
[20]Yao Duan,Ionel D M.A review of recent developments in electrical machine design optimization methods with a permanent-magnet synchronous motor benchmark study[J].IEEE Transactions on Industry Application,2013,49(3):1268-1275.
[21]Lebensztajn L,Marretto C A R,Costa M C,et al.Kriging:a useful tool for electromagnetic device optimization[J].IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,2004,40(2):1196-1199.
[2]Zhu Jianguo,Guo Yougang,Lin Zhiwei,et al.Development of PM transverse flux motors with soft magnetic composite cores[J].IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,2011,47(10):4376-4383.
[3]Gvetkovski G,Petkovska L.Performance improvement of PM synchronous motor by using soft magnetic composite material[J].IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,2008,44(11):3812-3815.
[4]Kim D H,Sykulski J K,Lowther D A.The implications of the use of composite materials in electromagnetic device topology and shape optimization[J].IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,2008,45(3):1154-1157.
[5]Guo Yougang,Zhu Jianguo,Dorrell D.Design and analysis of a claw pole PM motor with molded SMCcore[J].IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,2009,45(10):4582-4585.
[6]杨庆新,李永健.先进电工磁性材料特性与应用发展研究综述[J].电工技术学报,2016,31(20):1-12.Yang Qingxin,Li Yongjian.Characteristics and developments of advanced magnetic materials in electrical engineering:a review[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2016,31(20):1-12.
[7]黄允凯,朱建国,胡虔生.采用软磁复合材料设计高速爪极式永磁电机[J].电机与控制应用,2007,34(12):6-13.Huang Yunkai,Zhu Jianguo,Hu Qiansheng.Design of high speed claw pole type permanent magnet motor with soft magnetic composite material[J].Electric Machines and Control Application,2007,34(12):6-13.
[8]张晓祥,张卓然,刘业,等.双端励磁内置转子磁分路混合励磁电机设计与转子强度分析[J].电工技术学报,2018,33(2):245-254.Zhang Xiaoxiang,Zhang Zhuoran,Liu Ye,et al.Design and rotor strength analysis of a hybrid excitation synchronous machine with dual-direction built-in field windings[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2018,33(2):245-254.
[9]Lei Gang,Zhu Jianguo,Guo Yougang,et al.Robust design optimization of PM-SMC motors for Six Sigma quality manufacturing[J].IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,2013,49(7):3953-3956.
[10]Lei Gang,Zhu Jianguo,Guo Yougang,et al.Multiobjective sequential design optimization of PM-SMCmotors for Six Sigma quality manufacturing[J].IEEETransactions on Magnetics,2014,50(2):1-4.
[11]张长庚,杨庆新,李永健.电工软磁材料旋转磁滞损耗测量及建模[J].电工技术学报,2017,32(11):208-216.Zhang Changgeng,Yang Qingxin,Li Yongjian.Study of the loss loading method and coupling analysis of temperature distribution of the underwater motor[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2017,32(11):208-216.
[12]张琦,李增亮,董祥伟,等.水下电机损耗加载方式及温度场耦合分析[J].电工技术学报,2018,33(5):1007-1014.Zhang Qi,Li Zengliang,Dong Xiangwei,et al.Study of the loss loading method and coupling analysis of temperature distribution of the under water motor[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2018,33(5):1007-1014.
[13]黄允凯,胡虔生,朱建国.顾及旋转铁耗的高速爪极电机三维磁热耦合分析[J].电工技术学报,2010,25(5):54-60.Huang Yunkai,Hu Qiansheng,Zhu Jianguo.Threedimensional magnetothermal coupling analysis of high-speed claw-pole motor with rotating iron consumption[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2010,25(5):54-60.
[14]Maloberti O,Figueredo R,Marchand C,et al.3-D-2-D dynamic magnetic modeling of an axial flux permanent magnet motor with soft magnetic composites for hybrid electric vehicle[J].IEEETransactions on Magnetics,2014,50(6):1-11.
[15]Schoppa A,Delarbre P.Soft magnetic powder composites and potential applications in modern electric machines and devices[J].IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,2014,50(4):1-4.
[16]Koch P N,Yang R J,Gu L.Design for six Sigma through robust optimization[J].Structural and Multidisciplinary Optimization,2004,26(3-4):235-248.
[17]雷刚,李燕斌,邵可然,等.超导磁储能系统的序贯Kriging优化方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2009,29(18):119-124.Lei Gang,Li Yanbing,Shao Keran,et al.The sequential Kriging optimization method of superconducting magnetic energy storage system[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2009,29(18):119-124.
[18]Wang Linda,Lowther D A.Selection of approximation models for electromagnetic device optimization[J].IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,2006,42(2):1227-1230.
[19]Lophaven S N,Nielsen H B,Sondergaard J.Dace:a Matlab Kriging toolbox version 2.0[R].Technical Report IMM-TR-2002-12,Technical University of Denmark,Copenhagen,2002.
[20]Yao Duan,Ionel D M.A review of recent developments in electrical machine design optimization methods with a permanent-magnet synchronous motor benchmark study[J].IEEE Transactions on Industry Application,2013,49(3):1268-1275.
[21]Lebensztajn L,Marretto C A R,Costa M C,et al.Kriging:a useful tool for electromagnetic device optimization[J].IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,2004,40(2):1196-1199.