入网电压控制型逆变器的同步电机特性分析
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摘要
为使可再生能源更好地接入电网,针对入网电压控制型逆变器的同步电机特性进行研究。以轴压调节的LCL型电压控制型逆变器为研究基础,建立其数学模型,并从理论上分析了其频率控制单元中的调频轴参考输入可以模拟原动机功率输入,惯性环节可以模拟发电机转子惯量和阻尼特性;调压轴参考输入值可以模拟同步发电机等效内电势幅值,从而使其具备同步电机的基本功能。基于建立的模型,研究了轴压控制型逆变器的并网有功、无功调节方案。定量分析了系统工作点变化对并网有功功率跟踪造成的影响,提出了基于比例系数自适应调整的有功功率控制策略,有效解决了有功控制的精度问题。最后,通过仿真结果验证了理论分析的正确性和自适应控制方案的有效性。
Aiming at better interfacing renewable energy with power grid,characteristics of synchronous generator for grid-connected voltage-controlled inverter are studied.In this paper,a voltage-controlled LCL type inverter with axes is researched.Firstly,on basis of a built mathematical model,with theoretical analysis,the frequency modulation axis in frequency control unit simulates prime mover power input,inertia link simulates generator rotor inertia and damping characteristics; voltage modulation axis simulates equivalent internal potential amplitude of the synchronous generator,so that it has basic function of synchronous motor.Secondly,active and reactive power regulation scheme of the axes-control inverter are studied.Influence of operating point change on active power tracking is analyzed quantitatively.An active power control strategy based on proportional coefficient adaptive adjustment is proposed,effectively solving accuracy problem of active control.Finally,validity of the theoretical analysis and the adaptive control scheme is verified by the simulation results.
Aiming at better interfacing renewable energy with power grid,characteristics of synchronous generator for grid-connected voltage-controlled inverter are studied.In this paper,a voltage-controlled LCL type inverter with axes is researched.Firstly,on basis of a built mathematical model,with theoretical analysis,the frequency modulation axis in frequency control unit simulates prime mover power input,inertia link simulates generator rotor inertia and damping characteristics; voltage modulation axis simulates equivalent internal potential amplitude of the synchronous generator,so that it has basic function of synchronous motor.Secondly,active and reactive power regulation scheme of the axes-control inverter are studied.Influence of operating point change on active power tracking is analyzed quantitatively.An active power control strategy based on proportional coefficient adaptive adjustment is proposed,effectively solving accuracy problem of active control.Finally,validity of the theoretical analysis and the adaptive control scheme is verified by the simulation results.
引文
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[19]张元吉,赵晋斌,王亚维,等.基于等效内部阻抗的单相电压控制型逆变器控制策略[J].电网技术,2014,38(2):478-483.Zhang Yuanji,Zhao Jinbin,Wang Yawei,et al.Control scheme of single-phase voltage-controlled inverter based on equivalent inner impedance[J].Power System Technology,2014,38(2):478-483(in Chinese).
[20]赵晋斌,张帅涛,王金龙,等.入网电压控制型逆变器预同步研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2017,37(11):3278-3286.Zhao Jinbin,Zhang Shuaitao,Wang Jinlong,et al.Research on Pre-synchronizing control of voltage-controlled inverters[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2017,37(11):3278-3286(in Chinese).
[21]王亚维,赵晋斌,屈克庆,等.基于轴压调节的电压控制型逆变器的并网运行模式[J].电力系统自动化,2015,39(15):110-116.Wang Yawei,Zhao Jinbin,Qu Keqing,et al.Grid-tied mode for voltage-controlled inverter with axes[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2015,39(15):110-116(in Chinese).
[2]Yang X,Song Y,Wang G,et al.A comprehensive review on the development of sustainable energy strategy and implementation in China[J].IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy,2010,1(2):57-65.
[3]Wesenbeeck M P N V,Haan S W H D,Varela P,et al.Grid tied converter with virtual kinetic storage[C]//Power Tech,2009 IEEE.Bucharest:IEEE,2009:1-7.
[4]刘巨,姚伟,文劲宇,等.大规模风电参与系统频率调整的技术展望[J].电网技术,2014,38(3):639-646.Liu Ju,Yao Wei,Wen Jinyu,et al.Prospect of technology for large-scale wind farm participating into power grid frequency regulation[J].Power System Technology,2014,38(3):639-646(in Chinese).
[5]Beck H P,Hesse R.Virtual synchronous machines[C]//Proceeding of2007 9th International Conference on Electrical Power Quality and Utilisation,Barcelona,2007:1-6.
[6]DE Haank V S M.Virtual synchronous machines(VSG’s)for frequency stabilization[C]//CIRED Seminar 2008:Smart Grid for Distributed.Frankfurt,Germany,2008:1-4.
[7]丁明,杨向真,苏建徽,等.基于虚拟同步发电机思想的微电网逆变电源控制策略[J].电力系统自动化,2009,33(8):89-93.Ding Ming,Yang Xiangzhen,Su Jianhui,et al.Control strategies of inverters based on virtual synchronous generator in a microgrid[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2009,33(8):89-93(in Chinese).
[8]Zhong Q C,Weiss G.Synchronverters:inverters that mimic synchronous generators[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2011,58(4):1259-1267.
[9]吕志鹏,盛万兴,钟庆昌,等.虚拟同步发电机及其在微电网中的应用[J].中国电机工程学报,2014,34(16):2591-2603.LüZhingpeng,Sheng Wanxing,Zhong Qingchang,et al.Application and challenge of virtual synchronous machine technology in power system[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2014,34(16):2591-2603(in Chinese).
[10]曾正,邵伟华,冉立,等.虚拟同步发电机的模型及储能单元优化配置[J].电力系统自动化,2015,39(13):22-31.Zeng Zheng,Shao Weihua,Ran Li,et al.Mathematical model and strategic energy storage selection of virtual synchronous generators[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2015,39(13):22-31(in Chinese).
[11]Wu H,Ruan X,Yang D,et al.Small-signal modeling and parameters design for virtual synchronous generators[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2016,63(7):4292-4303.
[12]陈来军,王任,郑天文,等.基于参数自适应调整的虚拟同步发电机暂态响应优化控制[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(21):5724-5731.Chen Laijun,Wang Ren,Zheng Tianwen,et al.Optimal control of transient response of virtual synchronous generator based on adaptive parameter adjustment[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(31):5724-5731(in Chinese).
[13]程冲,杨欢,曾正,等.虚拟同步发电机的转子惯量自适应控制方法[J].电力系统自动化,2015,39(19):82-89.Cheng Chong,Yang Huan,Zeng Zheng,et al.Rotor inertia adaptive control method of VSG[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,22015,39(19):82-89(in Chinese).
[14]Shintai T,Miura Y,Ise T.Oscillation damping of a distributed generator using a virtual synchronous generator[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2014,29(2):668-676.
[15]D’Arco S,Suul J A,Fosso O B.A virtual synchronous machine implementation for distributed control of power converters in smart grids[J].Electric Power Systems Research,2015,122(6):180-197.
[16]Alipoor J,Miura Y,Ise T.Distributed generation grid integration using virtual synchronous generator with adoptive virtual inertia[C]//Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition.IEEE,2013:4546-4552.
[17]吕志鹏,盛万兴,刘海涛,等.虚拟同步机技术在电力系统中的应用与挑战[J].中国电机工程学报,2017,37(2):349-359.LüZhingpeng,Sheng Wanxing,Liu Haitao,et al.Application and challenge of virtual synchronous machine technology in power system[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2017,37(2):349-359(in Chinese).
[18]郑天文,陈来军,陈天一,等.虚拟同步发电机技术及展望[J].电力系统自动化,2015,39(21):165-175.Zheng Tianwen,Chen Laijun,Chen Tianyi,et al.Review and prospect of virtual synchronous generator technologies[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2015,39(21):165-175(in Chinese).
[19]张元吉,赵晋斌,王亚维,等.基于等效内部阻抗的单相电压控制型逆变器控制策略[J].电网技术,2014,38(2):478-483.Zhang Yuanji,Zhao Jinbin,Wang Yawei,et al.Control scheme of single-phase voltage-controlled inverter based on equivalent inner impedance[J].Power System Technology,2014,38(2):478-483(in Chinese).
[20]赵晋斌,张帅涛,王金龙,等.入网电压控制型逆变器预同步研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2017,37(11):3278-3286.Zhao Jinbin,Zhang Shuaitao,Wang Jinlong,et al.Research on Pre-synchronizing control of voltage-controlled inverters[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2017,37(11):3278-3286(in Chinese).
[21]王亚维,赵晋斌,屈克庆,等.基于轴压调节的电压控制型逆变器的并网运行模式[J].电力系统自动化,2015,39(15):110-116.Wang Yawei,Zhao Jinbin,Qu Keqing,et al.Grid-tied mode for voltage-controlled inverter with axes[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2015,39(15):110-116(in Chinese).