生根剂处理对于茶树嫩枝扦插内源激素水平和繁殖的影响
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摘要
为进一步探究茶树不同嫩度的嫩枝插穗根系和地上部生长适宜的生根剂处理时间及内源激素水平,本试验以3年生台茶12号嫩枝为试验材料,采用酶联免疫吸附测定法(ELISA)分析了嫩梢不同部位IAA、ZR、GA3和ABA含量,同时研究了生根剂处理时间对插穗茎基部激素含量和茶苗扦插快繁的影响。结果表明,在茶树嫩枝顶部一芽一叶至一芽二叶初展梢(BL1)、半功能叶(L2)、第1片功能叶(L3)及其茎段(S1)、第2片功能叶(L4)及其茎段(S2)、第3片功能叶(L5)及其茎段(S3)、第4片功能叶茎段(S4)中,叶片内IAA和ABA以第2片功能叶含量最高,ZR以第3片功能叶含量最高,GA3含量则随叶片成熟度增加而增大。茎段S1—S3中IAA含量显著高于S4,而ABA含量则为S1显著高于S2—S4。浸泡100 mg·L-1 ABT-1号生根剂会显著提高插穗茎基部IAA含量,并使IAA/ABA和(IAA+ZR+GA3)/ABA值增至1.0左右,从而有利于生根。其中,保留顶梢带1片和2片功能叶的插穗(F1-1、F2-1)在浸泡生根剂前期1 h内IAA含量快速增加,且IAA/ABA和(IAA+ZR+GA3)/ABA值可增至1.0以上,其他插穗则在浸泡生根剂4 h后上述3个指标达到最大值。F1-1、F2-1浸泡生根剂0.5～1 h,摘除顶梢带1片功能叶的插穗(F1-2)浸泡生根剂4 h,F2-2、F3-1、F3-2浸泡生根剂3～4 h,IAA含量达到较高水平,而且IAA/ABA和(IAA+ZR+GA3)/ABA值可增至1.0左右。出苗时,平均根系活力、平均生根条数和平均茎粗增加值的最大值出现在浸泡生根剂0～2 h内,其他根系和地上部生长情况以浸泡生根剂4 h表现较好。
In order to explore the appropriate treatment of rooting agent and endogenous hormone changes in softwood cuttings of three-year-old Camellia sinensis(L.) O. Kuntze cv. Taicha12 with different tenderness, twigs were used to investigate the contents of IAA, ZR, GA3 and ABA in different tissues by Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay(ELISA). And the effects of soaking duration of rooting agent on the endogenous hormone contents in the basal stem and the rapid propagation of tea cuttings were also studied. The results showed that in one bud and one leaf to one bud and two leaves(BL1), semi-functional leaf(L2), the first functional leaf(L3) and its linked stem(S1), the second functional leaf(L4) and its linked stem(S2), the third functional leaf(L5) and its linked stem(S3), the stem near the fourth functional leaf(S4), the highest contents of IAA and ABA were observed in the second functional leaves. The highest content of ZR was found in the third functional leaves. And the content of GA3 increased with the increase of leaf maturity. The contents of IAA in S1-S3 were significantly higher than that in S4. However, the content of ABA in S1 was significantly higher than those in S2-S4. After ABT-1 rooting agent treatment(100 mg·L-1), the content of IAA in the basal stem significantly increased and the IAA/ABA and(IAA+ZR+GA3)/ABA values increased to about 1.0, which facilitated the formation of roots. During one hour treatment of the rooting agent, the IAA content rapidly increased and the IAA/ABA and(IAA+ZR+GA3)/ABA values also increased to about 1.0 in the cuttings with one or two functional leaves and apical shoot(F1-1, F2-1). For other cuttings, the above three indicators reached the maximum value after treatment for 4 h. The best treatment duration for different cuttings were different, with F1-1, F2-1 for 0.5-1 h, the cuttings with one functional leaf and excised apical shoot(F1-2) for 4 h, F2-2, F3-1 and F3-2 for 3-4 h. During transplantation, the maximum values of the root vigor, root number and the increase of basal stem diameter occurred in rooting agent treatment for 0-2 h. Other roots and shoots of tea cuttings showed the best growth after 4 h treatment.
In order to explore the appropriate treatment of rooting agent and endogenous hormone changes in softwood cuttings of three-year-old Camellia sinensis(L.) O. Kuntze cv. Taicha12 with different tenderness, twigs were used to investigate the contents of IAA, ZR, GA3 and ABA in different tissues by Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay(ELISA). And the effects of soaking duration of rooting agent on the endogenous hormone contents in the basal stem and the rapid propagation of tea cuttings were also studied. The results showed that in one bud and one leaf to one bud and two leaves(BL1), semi-functional leaf(L2), the first functional leaf(L3) and its linked stem(S1), the second functional leaf(L4) and its linked stem(S2), the third functional leaf(L5) and its linked stem(S3), the stem near the fourth functional leaf(S4), the highest contents of IAA and ABA were observed in the second functional leaves. The highest content of ZR was found in the third functional leaves. And the content of GA3 increased with the increase of leaf maturity. The contents of IAA in S1-S3 were significantly higher than that in S4. However, the content of ABA in S1 was significantly higher than those in S2-S4. After ABT-1 rooting agent treatment(100 mg·L-1), the content of IAA in the basal stem significantly increased and the IAA/ABA and(IAA+ZR+GA3)/ABA values increased to about 1.0, which facilitated the formation of roots. During one hour treatment of the rooting agent, the IAA content rapidly increased and the IAA/ABA and(IAA+ZR+GA3)/ABA values also increased to about 1.0 in the cuttings with one or two functional leaves and apical shoot(F1-1, F2-1). For other cuttings, the above three indicators reached the maximum value after treatment for 4 h. The best treatment duration for different cuttings were different, with F1-1, F2-1 for 0.5-1 h, the cuttings with one functional leaf and excised apical shoot(F1-2) for 4 h, F2-2, F3-1 and F3-2 for 3-4 h. During transplantation, the maximum values of the root vigor, root number and the increase of basal stem diameter occurred in rooting agent treatment for 0-2 h. Other roots and shoots of tea cuttings showed the best growth after 4 h treatment.
引文
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[9]王雪萍,龚自明,高士伟,等.GGR6号在茶树穴盘扦插育苗中的应用[J].湖北农业科学,2015,52(20):5059-5061.
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[11]姚永宏,吴全,李忠林,等.茶树插穗生根过程中内源激素动态变化[J].西南农业大学学报(自然科学版),2005,27(6):795-798.
[12]Yang J,Zhang J,Wang Z,et al.Hormonal changes in the grains of rices subjected to water stress during grain filling[J].Plant Physiology,2001,127(1):315-323.
[13]董雅致,徐克章,崔喜艳,等.不同年代大豆品种根系活力的变化及其与植株生物量的关系[J].植物生理学报,2015,51(3):345-353.
[14]Costa CTD,Almeida MRD,Ruedell CM,et al.When stress and development go hand in hand:main hormonal controls of adventitious rooting in cuttings[J].Frontiers in Plant Science,2013,4(7):133.DOI:10.3389/fpls.2013.00133.
[15]Garrido G,Guerrero J R,Cano E A,et al.Origin and basipetal transport of the IAA responsible for rooting of carnation cuttings[J].Physiologia Plantarum,2010,114(2):303-312.
[16]Verstraeten I,Schotte S,Geelen D.Hypocotyl adventitious root organogenesis differs from lateral root development[J].Frontiers in Plant Science,2014,5(495):495.DOI:10.3389/fpls.2014.00495.
[17]Steffens B,Sauter M.Epidermal cell death in rice is regulated by ethylene,gibberellin,and abscisic acid[J].Plant Physiology,2005,139(2):713-721.
[18]张焕欣,董春娟,李福凯.植物不定根发生机理的研究进展[J].西北植物学报,2017,37(7):1457-1464.
[19]Matsumotokitano M,Kusumoto T,Tarkowski P,et al.Cytokinins are central regulars of cambial activity[J].Proc Natl Acad Sci USA,2008,105(50):20027-20031.
[20]岳川,曾建明,章志芳,等.茶树中植物激素研究进展[J].茶叶科学,2012,32(5):382-392.
[21]任恒泽,向勤锃,赵秀秀,等.顶梢和功能叶对茶树全光照弥雾扦插快繁的影响研究[J].茶叶科学,2018,38(5):469-479.
[2]Gyana Ranjan Rout.Effect of auxins on adventitious root development from single node cuttings of Camellia sinensis(L.)Kuntze and associated biochemical changes[J].Plant Growth Regulation,2006,48(2):111-117.
[3]姚元涛,宋鲁彬,田丽丽,等.茶树短穗扦插育苗技术[J].落叶果树,2009,41(4):33-35.
[4]张珊珊,杨志新,刘炳光,等.茶树良种短穗扦插育苗技术[J].中国园艺文摘,2014(11):221-222.
[5]赵晓敏,霍常富,沈海龙.影响林木插条生根的内部及环境因子研究综述[J].世界林业研究,2007,20(5):12-16.
[6]许晓岗,童丽丽,赵九洲.垂丝海棠插穗的内源激素水平及其与扦插生根的关系[J].江西林业科技,2007(1):20-24.
[7]Pop T 1,Pamfil D,Bellini C.Auxin control in the formation of adventitious roots[J].Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca,2011,39(1):307-316.
[8]Zengibal H,Haznedar A,Dolgun O.Effects of Indole-3-butyric acid(IBA)and cutting type on rooting of Camellia sinensis(L.)O.Kuntze[J].American Journal of Experimental Agriculture,2014,4(12):1935-1943.
[9]王雪萍,龚自明,高士伟,等.GGR6号在茶树穴盘扦插育苗中的应用[J].湖北农业科学,2015,52(20):5059-5061.
[10]王雪萍,龚自明,高士伟,等.不同处理对茶树穴盘扦插生根的影响[J].湖北农业科学,2016,5(7):1052-1054.
[11]姚永宏,吴全,李忠林,等.茶树插穗生根过程中内源激素动态变化[J].西南农业大学学报(自然科学版),2005,27(6):795-798.
[12]Yang J,Zhang J,Wang Z,et al.Hormonal changes in the grains of rices subjected to water stress during grain filling[J].Plant Physiology,2001,127(1):315-323.
[13]董雅致,徐克章,崔喜艳,等.不同年代大豆品种根系活力的变化及其与植株生物量的关系[J].植物生理学报,2015,51(3):345-353.
[14]Costa CTD,Almeida MRD,Ruedell CM,et al.When stress and development go hand in hand:main hormonal controls of adventitious rooting in cuttings[J].Frontiers in Plant Science,2013,4(7):133.DOI:10.3389/fpls.2013.00133.
[15]Garrido G,Guerrero J R,Cano E A,et al.Origin and basipetal transport of the IAA responsible for rooting of carnation cuttings[J].Physiologia Plantarum,2010,114(2):303-312.
[16]Verstraeten I,Schotte S,Geelen D.Hypocotyl adventitious root organogenesis differs from lateral root development[J].Frontiers in Plant Science,2014,5(495):495.DOI:10.3389/fpls.2014.00495.
[17]Steffens B,Sauter M.Epidermal cell death in rice is regulated by ethylene,gibberellin,and abscisic acid[J].Plant Physiology,2005,139(2):713-721.
[18]张焕欣,董春娟,李福凯.植物不定根发生机理的研究进展[J].西北植物学报,2017,37(7):1457-1464.
[19]Matsumotokitano M,Kusumoto T,Tarkowski P,et al.Cytokinins are central regulars of cambial activity[J].Proc Natl Acad Sci USA,2008,105(50):20027-20031.
[20]岳川,曾建明,章志芳,等.茶树中植物激素研究进展[J].茶叶科学,2012,32(5):382-392.
[21]任恒泽,向勤锃,赵秀秀,等.顶梢和功能叶对茶树全光照弥雾扦插快繁的影响研究[J].茶叶科学,2018,38(5):469-479.