关键控制因子识别法筛查引黄济青干渠水质安全风险
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摘要
[目的]了解引黄济青干渠水质安全风险,为干渠安全管理提供依据,保障青岛居民饮水安全。[方法]基于干渠沿线监测数据,识别出决定黄济青干渠水质的关键控制因子,并通过进一步的分析筛查风险因子,确定水质安全风险清单。[结果]干渠水质先好转后恶化,营养物质是影响干渠水质的主要指标,但南水北调水明显缓解了干渠的富营养化。宋庄分水闸至棘洪滩水库进水处之间的供水干渠存在较大的铁和磷污染源。[结论]关键控制因子识别法应用于长距离调水工程是可行的;干渠现有安全风险包括黄河水中氮磷营养物质及南水北调水中有机物和硫酸盐,以及干渠后半段铁、磷和有机物污染;潜在安全风险为南水北调水汇入量的变化或湿地系统失效可能造成富营养化和金属离子释出。
[Objective]To understand the risk of water quality safety in main canal for water diversion from Yellow River to Qingdao City,in order to provide basis for the safety management of main canal,and to ensure the the drinking water safety of Qingdao City.[Methods]Based on the monitoring data obtained along the main canal,the key control factors which determine the water quality in the main canal were identified,and a list of the water quality safety risks was determined by further analysis of the risk factors.[Results]The water quality of the main canal was improved firstly,and then deteriorated.Nutrients were the main indexes affecting the water quality of the main canal.The south-to-north water diversion project alleviated the eutrophication of the main canal obviously.There were larger sources of iron and phosphorus pollution in the main trunk canal between Songzhuang water diversion and water inlet of Jihongtian reservoir.[Conclusion]It is feasible to apply the key control factors identification method in the long distance water diversion projects.The existing safety risks in the main canal include total nitrogen and total phosphorus from the Yellow River,organic matter and sulphate from the south-to-north water diversion project,and iron,phosphorus and organic pollutants in the latter half of the main canal.The potential safety risks are eutrophication and release of metal ions caused by the changes of water intake volume in south-to-north diversion or the Yellow River and the failure of the wetland system.
[Objective]To understand the risk of water quality safety in main canal for water diversion from Yellow River to Qingdao City,in order to provide basis for the safety management of main canal,and to ensure the the drinking water safety of Qingdao City.[Methods]Based on the monitoring data obtained along the main canal,the key control factors which determine the water quality in the main canal were identified,and a list of the water quality safety risks was determined by further analysis of the risk factors.[Results]The water quality of the main canal was improved firstly,and then deteriorated.Nutrients were the main indexes affecting the water quality of the main canal.The south-to-north water diversion project alleviated the eutrophication of the main canal obviously.There were larger sources of iron and phosphorus pollution in the main trunk canal between Songzhuang water diversion and water inlet of Jihongtian reservoir.[Conclusion]It is feasible to apply the key control factors identification method in the long distance water diversion projects.The existing safety risks in the main canal include total nitrogen and total phosphorus from the Yellow River,organic matter and sulphate from the south-to-north water diversion project,and iron,phosphorus and organic pollutants in the latter half of the main canal.The potential safety risks are eutrophication and release of metal ions caused by the changes of water intake volume in south-to-north diversion or the Yellow River and the failure of the wetland system.
引文
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[2]张瑞丽.引黄济青输水沿程水质变化及对策研究[D].山东青岛:青岛理工大学,2011.
[3]祁峰.“实施城乡居民饮用水污染防治行动”专家组调查评价报告[R].济南:中国人民政治协商会议山东省委员会,2015.
[4]卫宝立,王琳,展二鹏.基于RS和GIS的滨州城区土地利用变化研究[J].水土保持通报,2017,37(4):138-142.
[5]Tang Caihong,Yi Yujun,Yang Zhifeng,et al.Water pollution risk simulation and prediction in the main canal of the south-to-north water transfer project[J].Journal of Hydrology,2014,519:2111-120.
[6]Organization World Health,Guidelines for Drinking-water Quality[G].Malta,2011.
[7]Rak J,Pietrucha K.Some factors of crisis management in water supply system[J].Environment Protection Engineering,2008,34(2):57-65.
[8]Tchórzewskacieslak B.Risk in water supply system crisis management[J].Journal of Konbin,2008,5(2):175-190.
[9]姜晓华,汤芳,孙丽娟,等.基于HACCP原理的再生水粪大肠菌安全控制管理研究[J].中国给水排水,2015,31(14):7-11.
[10]袁东,陈仁杰,钱海雷,等.城市生活饮用水综合指数评价方法建立及其应用[J].环境与职业医学,2010,27(5):257-260.
[11]唐启义.DPS数据处理系统[M].3版.北京:科学出版社,2013.
[12]李朝峰,杨中宝.SPSS主成分分析中的特征向量计算问题[J].统计教育,2007(3):10-11.
[13]马旭阳.黄河水体沉积物中铁与磷的形态分布及相关分析[D].呼和浩特:内蒙古师范大学,2015.
[14]Zhang Yi,He Feng,Kong Lingwei,et al.Release characteristics of sediment P in all fractions of Donghu Lake,Wuhan,China[J].Desalin Water Treat,2016,57(53):1-9.
[15]Ding Shiming,Wang Yan,Wang Dan,et al.In situ,high-resolution evidence for iron-coupled mobilization of phosphorus in sediments[J].Scientific Reports,2016,6:24341.
[16]阳辉,樊贵盛,刘婷.流域底泥重金属分布特征及其生态风险评价[J].水土保持通报,2014,34(2):208-212.
[17]Chou Ping I,NG Dingquan,LI I Chia,et al.Effects of dissolved oxygen,pH,salinity and humic acid on the release of metal ions from PbS,CuS and ZnS during a simulated storm event[J].Science of the Total Environment,2018,624:1401-1410.
[18]Zang Fei,Wang Shengli,Nan Z Zhongren,et al.Influence of pH on the release and chemical fractionation of heavy metals in sediment from a suburban drainage stream in an arid mine-based oasis[J].Journal of Soils and Sediments,2017,17(10):2524-36.
[19]陈沛沛.黄河下游与长江流域营养盐变化规律的研究[D].山东青岛:中国海洋大学,2012.
[20]康雅,许月霞,吴新平,等.南水北调水源切换后原水水质情况对比研究[J].给水排水,2016,42(8):17-19.
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