阿尔泰山森林景观特征及其适宜粒度分析
|
摘要
在阿勒泰林场,以其2006年和2016年的ETM+/OLI影像为数据源,综合运用RS和GIS技术,并采用景观指数分析法分析阿勒泰林场景观格局变化的特征、景观异质性特征、景观空间分布格局和景观适宜粒度。结果表明:(1)研究区优势景观类型为牧草地和灌木林地,且其面积呈增长趋势;(2)灌木林地斑块间面积大小差异显著,破碎化程度最高,苗圃地和林业辅助用地的破碎化程度最低;(3)乔木林地和灌木林的平均最小距离(ENN)值较高,分别为868.72m和870.87m。在时间纵向上,由于天然林保护工程和人工造林补植工程的实施,使得乔木林地和灌木林地的规模逐渐扩大,具有更好的连接性;(4)阿勒泰林场景观的整体异质景观要素的空间分布呈常规状态,整体景观的斑块分布较为均衡,分布形式变化不大;(5)阿勒泰林场2006年和2016年的适宜景观粒度为60m,该景观粒度不仅能够科学准确反映区域景观信息,还能为今后区域景观格局的稳定性研究和空间优化提供基础支撑。
Based on two periods of remote sensing images of ETM+/OLI in 2006 and 2016 through RS and GIS technology,the landscape index analysis method was used to analyze the characteristics of landscape pattern change,landscape heterogeneity,landscape spatial distribution pattern and landscape suitability granularity.The results showed that:(1)The dominant landscape types in the study area were grassland and shrub forest land,and showed an increasing trend;(2)The difference of patch area between shrub forest land and arbor woodland was significant.The fragmentation degree was the highest,followed by pasture land and arbor land.The minimum degree of fragmentation was between nursery land and forestry auxiliary land;(3) The average minimum distance(ENN) values of arbor forests and shrubs were high,868.72 m and 870.87 m,respectively.In the longitudinal time,because of the natural forest protection project and the implementation of relevant afforestation projecs,the arbor woodland and shrub land gradually expanded,so they had well connectivity;(4)The spatial distribution of the overall heterogeneous landscape elements in Aletai forest farm was normal.The patch distribution of the whole landscape was balanced,and the distribution pattern of the overall landscape patches were not changed;(5)The suitable granularity of landscape in Aletai forest farm in 2006 and 2016 was 60 m,which could not only scientifically and accurately reflect the regional landscape information,but also provide a basic support for the future research and spatial optimization of the regional landscape pattern.
Based on two periods of remote sensing images of ETM+/OLI in 2006 and 2016 through RS and GIS technology,the landscape index analysis method was used to analyze the characteristics of landscape pattern change,landscape heterogeneity,landscape spatial distribution pattern and landscape suitability granularity.The results showed that:(1)The dominant landscape types in the study area were grassland and shrub forest land,and showed an increasing trend;(2)The difference of patch area between shrub forest land and arbor woodland was significant.The fragmentation degree was the highest,followed by pasture land and arbor land.The minimum degree of fragmentation was between nursery land and forestry auxiliary land;(3) The average minimum distance(ENN) values of arbor forests and shrubs were high,868.72 m and 870.87 m,respectively.In the longitudinal time,because of the natural forest protection project and the implementation of relevant afforestation projecs,the arbor woodland and shrub land gradually expanded,so they had well connectivity;(4)The spatial distribution of the overall heterogeneous landscape elements in Aletai forest farm was normal.The patch distribution of the whole landscape was balanced,and the distribution pattern of the overall landscape patches were not changed;(5)The suitable granularity of landscape in Aletai forest farm in 2006 and 2016 was 60 m,which could not only scientifically and accurately reflect the regional landscape information,but also provide a basic support for the future research and spatial optimization of the regional landscape pattern.
引文
[1]Huslshoff R M.Landscape indices describing a Dutch landscape[J].Landscape Ecology,1995,10(2):101-111.
[2]刘敏,厉悦,杨晓杰,等.扎龙自然保护区景观格局变化及其驱动机制[J].西北林学院报,2010,25(5):157-162.
[3]陈宗铸,杨丽薇,黄国宁,等.基于Fragstats的森林景观格局研究[J].热带林业,2014,42(2):47-49.
[4]韩建平.基于GIS的汾河源头森林景观格局分析[J].西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版),2012,40(11):152-158.
[5]孙楠,王京民,赵鹏祥,等.基于GIS的黄龙山林区森林景观格局分析[J].西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版),2013,41(9):61-67.
[6]岳刚,杨华,亢新刚,等.基于GIS的长白山森林景观格局分析[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2013,33(7):35-39.
[7]胡喜生,周沿海,黄金荣,等.基于GIS的闽江上游城区森林景观格局分析[J].吉林师范大学学报(自然科学版),2014(1):130-135.
[8]Wu J.Effects of changing scale on landscape pattern analysis:scaling relations[J].Landscape Ecology,2004,19(2):125-138.
[9]孟陈,李俊祥,朱颖,等.粒度变化对上海市景观格局分析的影响[J].生态学杂志,2007,26(7):1138-1142.
[10]何兴元,金莹杉,朱文泉,等.城市森林生态学的基本理论与研究方法[J].应用生态学报,2002,13(12):1679-1683.
[11]Turner M G.Spatial and temporal analysis of landscape patterns[J].Landscape Ecology,1990,4(1):21-30.
[12]彭文成,熊梦辉,龙文兴,等.海南尖峰岭两类人工林中天然更新群落特征研究[J].林业科学研究,2015,28(5):739-743.
[13]郑拴丽,许文强,杨辽,等.新疆阿尔泰山森林生态系统碳密度与碳储量估算[J].自然资源学报,2016(9):1553-1563.
[14]黄力平,高亚琪,李云,等.阿尔泰山中东部西伯利亚落叶松生长量及其对气候变化的响应研究[J].干旱区地理,2015(6):1169-1178.
[15]张绘芳,朱雅丽,地力夏提·包尔汉,等.阿尔泰山林区云杉和落叶松生物量分配格局研究[J].南京林业大学学报(自然科学版),2017,41(1):203-208.
[16]王军,何秉宇.阿尔泰山林下灌木生物量生长模型研究[J].安徽农业科学,2017(36):157-160.
[17]井学辉,曹磊,臧润国,等.阿尔泰山小东沟林区乔木物种丰富度空间分布规律[J].干旱区研究,2016(3):511-518.
[18]张景路,张绘芳,地力夏提·包尔汉,等.基于Landsat数字影像的阿尔泰山乔木林空间分布规律研究[J].南京林业大学学报(自然科学版),2018(4):153-158.
[19]张绘芳,地力夏提·包尔汉,朱雅丽,等.阿尔泰山森林景观格局的稳定性[J].水土保持通报,2018,38(5):189-194.
[20]任煜堃,唐代生,文敏.湖南望云山森林公园林地景观空间格局研究[J].西南林业大学学报,2017,37(4):150-155.
[21]董文婷.新疆阿勒泰林场林地保护与利用研究[J].林业调查规划,2013,38(3):51-54.
[22]徐芝英,胡云峰,刘越,等.空间尺度转换数据精度评价的准则和方法[J].地理科学进展,2012,31(12):1574-1582.
[23]宋涛.基于GIS的森林景观格局适宜粒度研究[D].长沙:中南林业科技大学,2009.
[2]刘敏,厉悦,杨晓杰,等.扎龙自然保护区景观格局变化及其驱动机制[J].西北林学院报,2010,25(5):157-162.
[3]陈宗铸,杨丽薇,黄国宁,等.基于Fragstats的森林景观格局研究[J].热带林业,2014,42(2):47-49.
[4]韩建平.基于GIS的汾河源头森林景观格局分析[J].西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版),2012,40(11):152-158.
[5]孙楠,王京民,赵鹏祥,等.基于GIS的黄龙山林区森林景观格局分析[J].西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版),2013,41(9):61-67.
[6]岳刚,杨华,亢新刚,等.基于GIS的长白山森林景观格局分析[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2013,33(7):35-39.
[7]胡喜生,周沿海,黄金荣,等.基于GIS的闽江上游城区森林景观格局分析[J].吉林师范大学学报(自然科学版),2014(1):130-135.
[8]Wu J.Effects of changing scale on landscape pattern analysis:scaling relations[J].Landscape Ecology,2004,19(2):125-138.
[9]孟陈,李俊祥,朱颖,等.粒度变化对上海市景观格局分析的影响[J].生态学杂志,2007,26(7):1138-1142.
[10]何兴元,金莹杉,朱文泉,等.城市森林生态学的基本理论与研究方法[J].应用生态学报,2002,13(12):1679-1683.
[11]Turner M G.Spatial and temporal analysis of landscape patterns[J].Landscape Ecology,1990,4(1):21-30.
[12]彭文成,熊梦辉,龙文兴,等.海南尖峰岭两类人工林中天然更新群落特征研究[J].林业科学研究,2015,28(5):739-743.
[13]郑拴丽,许文强,杨辽,等.新疆阿尔泰山森林生态系统碳密度与碳储量估算[J].自然资源学报,2016(9):1553-1563.
[14]黄力平,高亚琪,李云,等.阿尔泰山中东部西伯利亚落叶松生长量及其对气候变化的响应研究[J].干旱区地理,2015(6):1169-1178.
[15]张绘芳,朱雅丽,地力夏提·包尔汉,等.阿尔泰山林区云杉和落叶松生物量分配格局研究[J].南京林业大学学报(自然科学版),2017,41(1):203-208.
[16]王军,何秉宇.阿尔泰山林下灌木生物量生长模型研究[J].安徽农业科学,2017(36):157-160.
[17]井学辉,曹磊,臧润国,等.阿尔泰山小东沟林区乔木物种丰富度空间分布规律[J].干旱区研究,2016(3):511-518.
[18]张景路,张绘芳,地力夏提·包尔汉,等.基于Landsat数字影像的阿尔泰山乔木林空间分布规律研究[J].南京林业大学学报(自然科学版),2018(4):153-158.
[19]张绘芳,地力夏提·包尔汉,朱雅丽,等.阿尔泰山森林景观格局的稳定性[J].水土保持通报,2018,38(5):189-194.
[20]任煜堃,唐代生,文敏.湖南望云山森林公园林地景观空间格局研究[J].西南林业大学学报,2017,37(4):150-155.
[21]董文婷.新疆阿勒泰林场林地保护与利用研究[J].林业调查规划,2013,38(3):51-54.
[22]徐芝英,胡云峰,刘越,等.空间尺度转换数据精度评价的准则和方法[J].地理科学进展,2012,31(12):1574-1582.
[23]宋涛.基于GIS的森林景观格局适宜粒度研究[D].长沙:中南林业科技大学,2009.