青藏高原东北缘2次地震热红外亮温异常分析
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摘要
应用静止气象卫星FY-2G的TBB产品为基础数据,针对2017年9月30日四川青川5.4级和2017年10月31日甘肃临潭4.3级地震前后出现在震中区附近的显著热红外异常,运用小波变换和相对功率谱法进行异常提取和资料分析。结果表明:青川地震热红外异常范围主要分布在震中东南区域,震前4个月左右出现功率谱增强现象,持续2个月左右。临潭地震热红外异常范围主要分布在震中的西南方向,震前20 d左右出现异常增强现象,随时间推移,异常范围逐渐向西南扩大,震前14 d异常开始收缩并减弱,异常持续30 d左右。通过对比2次震例,发现热异常特征有许多共同点,其中相同的特征周期可为中强地震前兆特征的归纳提供重要参考信息。
To investigate the markedly thermal infrared anomalies in epicentral areas before and after the Qingchuan, Sichuan M_S5.4 earthquake on September 30, 2017 and the Lintan, Gansu M_S4.3 earthquake on October 31, 2017, in this study, we collected TBB data from China's geostationary meteorological satellite FY-2 G and analyzed the data and spectra using the wavelet-and relative-power-spectrum transform methods. The results show that the thermal infrared anomaly range of the Qingchuan earthquake is mainly distributed in the southeast of the epicenter, and that power spectrum enhancement occurs about four months prior to the earthquake and lasts for about two months. The thermal infrared anomalies of the Lintan earthquake are mainly distributed southwest of the epicenter, with an anomalous enhancement phenomenon occurring about 20 days prior to the earthquake. With the passage of time, this anomaly range expands further southwest. These anomalies begin to shrink and weaken 14 days before the earthquake, and last for about 30 days. A comparison of the two earthquakes shows that there are many common characteristics in their thermal anomalies, which can provide significant reference information for determining the seismic precursor characteristics of moderate-strong earthquakes.
To investigate the markedly thermal infrared anomalies in epicentral areas before and after the Qingchuan, Sichuan M_S5.4 earthquake on September 30, 2017 and the Lintan, Gansu M_S4.3 earthquake on October 31, 2017, in this study, we collected TBB data from China's geostationary meteorological satellite FY-2 G and analyzed the data and spectra using the wavelet-and relative-power-spectrum transform methods. The results show that the thermal infrared anomaly range of the Qingchuan earthquake is mainly distributed in the southeast of the epicenter, and that power spectrum enhancement occurs about four months prior to the earthquake and lasts for about two months. The thermal infrared anomalies of the Lintan earthquake are mainly distributed southwest of the epicenter, with an anomalous enhancement phenomenon occurring about 20 days prior to the earthquake. With the passage of time, this anomaly range expands further southwest. These anomalies begin to shrink and weaken 14 days before the earthquake, and last for about 30 days. A comparison of the two earthquakes shows that there are many common characteristics in their thermal anomalies, which can provide significant reference information for determining the seismic precursor characteristics of moderate-strong earthquakes.
引文
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[13] 张元生,郭晓,魏从信,等.日本9级和缅甸7.2级地震热辐射表现特征[J].地球物理学报,2011,54(10):2575-2580.ZHANG Yuansheng,GUO Xiao,WEI Congxin,et al.The Characteristics of Seismic Thermal Radiation of Japan MS9.0 and Myanmar MS7.2 Earthquake[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2011,54(10):2575-2580
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[2] 张元生,郭晓,张小美,等.应用静止卫星热红外遥感亮温资料反演地表温度的方法研究[J].西北地震学报,2004,26(2):113-117.ZHANG Yuansheng,GUO Xiao,ZHANG Xiaomei,et al.Study on the Inversion Method of Land Surface Temperature by Applyingir Bright Temperature Data of Still Satellite[J].North-western Seismological Journal,2004,26(2):113-117.
[3] 张元生,郭晓,钟美娇,等.汶川地震卫星热红外亮温变化[J].科学通报,2010,55(10):904 910.ZHANG Yuansheng,GUO Xiao,ZHONG Meijiao,et al.Wenchuan Earthquake:Brightness Temperature Changes from Satellite Infrared Information[J].Chinese Sci Bull,2010,55(10),904-910.
[4] 马晓静,邓志辉,陈梅花,等.从卫星红外亮温与大地热流的关系看地震前的热红外异常[J].地球物理学报,2009,52(11):2746-2751.MA Xiaojing,DENG Zhihui,CHEN Meihua,et al.A perspective to Thermal Infrared Anomalies Before Earthquakes from the Relationship Between Satellite Infrared Brightness Temperature and Terrestrial Heat Flow[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2009,52(11):2746-2751.
[5] 钟美娇,张元生.2005年10月8 日巴基斯坦7.8 级地震热红外异常[J].西北地震学报,2007,29(2):137-140.ZHONG Meijiao,ZHANG Yuansheng.Thermal Infrared Anomaly Before Pakistan Earthquake(MS=7.8) on October 8,2005[J].North-western Seismological Journal,2007,29(2):137-140.
[6] 魏从信,张元生,惠少兴.2009年8月11日安达曼群岛MS7.5地震热红外变化[J].地震研究,2011,34(2):153-157.WEI Congxin,ZHANG Yuansheng,HUI Shaoxing.Thermal-infrared Variation of MS7.5 Andaman Islands Earthquake on August 11,2009[J].Journal of Seismological Research,2011,34(2):153-157.
[7] 张元生,沈文荣,徐辉.新青8.1级地震前卫星热红外异常[J].西北地震学报,2002,24(1):1-4.ZHANG Yuansheng,SHEN Wenrong,XU Hui.Satellite Thermal Infrared Anomaly Before the Xinjiang Qinghai Border MS8.1 Earthquake[J].North-western Seismological Journal,2002,24(1):1-7.
[8] 惠少兴,张元生,解滔,等.2011年盈江5.8级地震热辐射亮温异常分析[J].地震研究,37(3):362-366.HUI Shaoxing,ZHANG Yuansheng,XIE Tao,et al.Analysis on Brightness Temperature Anomalies of Yingjiang MS5.8 Earthquake in 2011[J].Journal of Seismological Research,2014,37(3):362-366.
[9] 张璇,张元生,魏从信,等.四川芦山7.0级地震卫星热红外异常解析[J].地震工程学报,2013,35(2):272-277.ZHANG Xuan,ZHANG Yuansheng,WEI Congxin,et al.Analysis of Thermal Infrared Anomaly before the Lushan MS7.0 Earthquake[J].China Earthquake Engineering Journal,2013,35(2):272-277.
[10] 张璇,张元生,田洁,等.2016年3月21日甘肃金塔4.7级地震热红外亮温异常分析[J].地震工程学报,2016,38(增刊2):212-217.ZHANG Xuan,ZHANG Yuansheng,TIAN Jie,et al.Analysis of Thermal Infrared Anomaly in Gansu Jingta MS4.7 Earthquake on March 21,2016[J].China Earthquake Engineering Journal,2016,38(Supp2):212-217.
[11] 郭晓,张元生,钟美娇,等.提取地震热异常信息的功率谱相对变化率法及震例分析[J].地球物理学报,2010,53(11):2688- 2695.GUO Xiao,ZHANG Yuansheng,ZHONG Meijiao,et al.Variation Characteristics of OLR for the Wenchuan Earthquake[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2010,53(11):2688-2695.
[12] 何文贵,郑文俊,王爱国,等.临潭—宕昌断裂新活动特征与岷县漳县MS6.6地震关系研究[J].地震工程学报,2013,35(4):751-760.HE Wengui,ZHENG Wenjun,WANG Aiguo,et al.New Activities of Lintan-Dangchang Fault and Its Relations to Minxian—Zhangxian MS6.6 Earthquake[J].China Earthquake Engineering Journal,2013,35(4):751-760.
[13] 张元生,郭晓,魏从信,等.日本9级和缅甸7.2级地震热辐射表现特征[J].地球物理学报,2011,54(10):2575-2580.ZHANG Yuansheng,GUO Xiao,WEI Congxin,et al.The Characteristics of Seismic Thermal Radiation of Japan MS9.0 and Myanmar MS7.2 Earthquake[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2011,54(10):2575-2580
[14] 魏从信.地震热辐射研究[D].兰州:中国地震局兰州地震研究所,2011:1-87.WEI Congxin.Research on Seismic Thermal Radiation[D].Lanzhou:Lanzhou Institute of Seismology,CEA,2011:1-87.