清代初期明珠家族“水磨村园林”“自怡园”关系和位置的考证
|
摘要
水磨村园林和自怡园是清代前期明珠家族在北京海淀地区建造的两座园林,由于缺乏确切的史料记载,它们两个的关系和位置扑朔迷离,在学者中存在激烈争论。在张宝章、贾珺以及曹汛、焦雄等先生研究成果的基础上,通过更多的文献考证以及实地调查,得到结论如下:①水磨村园林是康熙前期明珠家族在水磨村东侧(今清华大学北部)建造的一座大型园林,建于康熙二十四年(1685)以前。②自怡园是明珠家族继水磨村园林之后于康熙二十六年(1687)在瓮山(今万寿山)东侧建造的一座大型园林,雍正三年(1725)被改造成为果亲王允礼的自得园,自得园的现存部分(今中央党校南院)大约是自怡园面积的2/3。
The Shuimocun garden and the Ziyiyuan garden were two famous gardens built by the Mingzhu Family in Haidian area in early Qing Dynasty. Due to scarce historical documents,the locations of the two gardens and their relationship were not clear,and arguments between scholars was sharp. In this paper,on the basis of research by Mr. Zhang Bao-zhang,Prof. Jia Jun,Prof. Cao Xun,Mr. Jiao Xiong and other scholars,in combination with more textual research and field investigation,we draw the following conclusions: ① The Shuimocun garden was a big garden built before 1685 A. D. by the Mingzhu family in the east of the Shuimocun village( north part of today's Tsinghua University) in early Qing Dynasty. ② The Ziyiyuan garden was a big garden built by the Mingzhu family in 1687 A. D. in the east of the Weng hill( today's Wanshou hill) after the Shuimocun garden had been built. It had been rebuilt to be prince Guo's Zideyuan garden in 3 rd year of the reign of Yongzheng. The existing part of the Zide garden( south yard of today's Central Party School) occupies 2/3 area of the Ziyiyuan garden.
The Shuimocun garden and the Ziyiyuan garden were two famous gardens built by the Mingzhu Family in Haidian area in early Qing Dynasty. Due to scarce historical documents,the locations of the two gardens and their relationship were not clear,and arguments between scholars was sharp. In this paper,on the basis of research by Mr. Zhang Bao-zhang,Prof. Jia Jun,Prof. Cao Xun,Mr. Jiao Xiong and other scholars,in combination with more textual research and field investigation,we draw the following conclusions: ① The Shuimocun garden was a big garden built before 1685 A. D. by the Mingzhu family in the east of the Shuimocun village( north part of today's Tsinghua University) in early Qing Dynasty. ② The Ziyiyuan garden was a big garden built by the Mingzhu family in 1687 A. D. in the east of the Weng hill( today's Wanshou hill) after the Shuimocun garden had been built. It had been rebuilt to be prince Guo's Zideyuan garden in 3 rd year of the reign of Yongzheng. The existing part of the Zide garden( south yard of today's Central Party School) occupies 2/3 area of the Ziyiyuan garden.
引文
[1]戴璐.藤阴杂记[M].刻本.嘉庆五年(1800).
[2]唐孙华.东江诗钞[M].刻本.清康熙(1662—1722).
[3]张宝章.京华何处自怡园[J].圆明园,2012(12):72.
[4]佚名.纳兰氏墓志铭[M].抄本.清(1644—1911).
[5]贾珺.北京私家园林志[M].北京:清华大学出版社2009:498.
[6]纳兰性德.通志堂集[M].刻本.清康熙(1662—1722).
[7]揆叙.益戒堂诗集[M].刻本.清康熙(1662—1722).
[8]查慎行.敬业堂诗集[M].刻本.清康熙(1662—1722).
[9]焦雄.北京西郊园林[M].北京:北京出版社,1992:56.
[10]吴长元.宸垣识略[M].刻本.乾隆五十三年(1788).
[11]何重义,曾昭奋.圆明园与北京西郊园林水系[J].圆明园,1981(1):48.
[12]曹汛.自怡园[J].圆明园,1986(4):227.
[13]侯仁之.未名湖溯源[J].燕京学报,2001(10):238.
[14]张宝章.纳兰性德丛话[M].北京:北京出版社,2000:116,122.
[15]张宝章.昆明湖畔两村庄[M].北京:中国发展出版社,2015:21.
[16]查慎行.查初白文集[M].抄本.清(1644—1911).
[17]汤右曾.怀清堂集[M].刻本.清康熙(1662—1722).
[18]查嗣瑮.查浦诗钞[M].刻本.清康熙(1662—1722).
[19]贾珺.北京私家园林研究补遗[J].中国建筑史论汇刊,2012(5):334-335.
[20]揆叙.益戒堂诗后集[M].刻本.清康熙(1662—1722).
[2]唐孙华.东江诗钞[M].刻本.清康熙(1662—1722).
[3]张宝章.京华何处自怡园[J].圆明园,2012(12):72.
[4]佚名.纳兰氏墓志铭[M].抄本.清(1644—1911).
[5]贾珺.北京私家园林志[M].北京:清华大学出版社2009:498.
[6]纳兰性德.通志堂集[M].刻本.清康熙(1662—1722).
[7]揆叙.益戒堂诗集[M].刻本.清康熙(1662—1722).
[8]查慎行.敬业堂诗集[M].刻本.清康熙(1662—1722).
[9]焦雄.北京西郊园林[M].北京:北京出版社,1992:56.
[10]吴长元.宸垣识略[M].刻本.乾隆五十三年(1788).
[11]何重义,曾昭奋.圆明园与北京西郊园林水系[J].圆明园,1981(1):48.
[12]曹汛.自怡园[J].圆明园,1986(4):227.
[13]侯仁之.未名湖溯源[J].燕京学报,2001(10):238.
[14]张宝章.纳兰性德丛话[M].北京:北京出版社,2000:116,122.
[15]张宝章.昆明湖畔两村庄[M].北京:中国发展出版社,2015:21.
[16]查慎行.查初白文集[M].抄本.清(1644—1911).
[17]汤右曾.怀清堂集[M].刻本.清康熙(1662—1722).
[18]查嗣瑮.查浦诗钞[M].刻本.清康熙(1662—1722).
[19]贾珺.北京私家园林研究补遗[J].中国建筑史论汇刊,2012(5):334-335.
[20]揆叙.益戒堂诗后集[M].刻本.清康熙(1662—1722).