大理州12县(市)城区登革热媒介调查结果分析
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摘要
目的评估大理州12县(市)发生登革热传播风险,为大理州做好登革热防控工作,以应对可能发生来势凶猛的登革热疫情提供科学依据。方法于2016-07/08分别对全州12县(市)县城城区居民区、特殊场所伊蚊幼虫调查。居民区调查:每个县将县城城区按照东、南、西、北、中划分为5个区域,每个区域随机抽取50户作为调查对象,检查每户家中的暂时性积水和永久性积水中的伊蚊幼虫,并吸出所有4龄伊蚊幼虫进行鉴定,计算房屋指数、容器指数、布雷图指数;特殊场所调查:选择城区公园绿地2个、废旧物品回收站不少于10个、轮胎收购站不少于20个和医院2个,开展伊蚊幼虫调查,公园绿地户数折算按每30 m~2折算为1户,计算容器指数、布雷图指数。结果大理州12县市共调查居民区3 014户,仅在洱源县5户5个容器内发现有白纹伊蚊幼虫,其余11县市的居民户均未发现伊蚊幼虫,洱源县居民区除县城中部未捕到白纹伊蚊幼虫外,其余东南西北4个方位均捕到白纹伊蚊幼虫,最高布雷图指数在为4。全州12县市共调查特殊场所274 560 m~2,折合户数9 152户,积水容器9 705个,仅在洱源县的1户1个容器、漾濞县的1户1个容器内发现有白纹伊蚊幼虫,发现白纹伊蚊幼虫的场所均为汽修和轮胎,其余的特殊场所均未发现伊蚊幼虫,洱源县特殊场所最高布雷图指数为5;漾濞县特殊场所最高为6.25。结论大理州暂未发现埃及伊蚊,仅在局部发现少数白纹伊蚊,且密度低,目前各县市城区发生登革热的风险相对较低,但埃及伊蚊在云南的入侵和扩散到大理州的形势十分严峻,登革热是一种传播极易实现的急性蚊媒传染病,需加强监测,以应对可能发生来势凶猛的登革热疫情。县城边缘、汽修和废旧轮胎是白纹伊蚊最适宜孳生环境,为防蚊灭蚊的重点。
Objective To evaluate the risk of dengue fever in 12 counties(cities)of Dali,and to do improve the prevention and control work of dengue for Dali prefecture,in order to provide scientific basis for the possible occurrence of ferocious dengue epidemic.Methods In July and August of 2016,the investigation was carried out on the larvae of Aedes mosquitoes in the 12 counties(cities).Residential area survey:Each county will be divided into five districts according to the east,south,west,north and middle,and 50 households are randomly selected for each area.and checked the Aedes mosquito larvae in the temporary and permanent stagnant water,and suck out all 4-year-old Aedes larvae to identify,calculate the housing index,container index,Breteau index;The special site survey:selected two green lands of urban park,not less than 10 waste recycling stations,not less than 20 tire purchase stations and 2 hospitals,to carry out Aedes larvae investigation,every 30 m~2 of green space park converted to 1 household,calculate the container index,the Breteau index.Results 3 014 households were investigated in 12 counties of Dali prefecture,Aedes larvae were not found in the residents among the remaining 11 counties and cities except 5 containers which were taken from 5 households of Eryuan County residential area Aedes albopictus larvae were found,Except the middle of the county did not catch the St.albopictus larvae,the other four directions caught St.albopictus larvae,the highest Breteau index in the 4.the special place investigated of 12 counties and cities were 274 560 m~2,converted into the number of 9 152 households,there were 9 705 water containers,only 1 container from Eryuan county and 1 container from Yangbi County found the white St.aegypti Larvae,the places where we found St.aegyptiformis larvae were auto repair stations and tire recycling stations,the rest of the special places were not found Aedes larvae,Eryuan County special site maximum Bretteau index of 5;the BI in Yangbi County special places up to 6.25.Conclusion St.aegypti was not found in Dali,only a small number of St.albopictus in local area,and the density was low,the current urban and rural areas of the risk of dengue fever was relatively low,but The situation that St.aegypti from Yunnan invade and spread to Dali iwas very grim,dengue fever was acute mosquito-borne infectious diseases,actively and easily spread,need to strengthen the monitoring to deal with the potential occurrence of ferocious dengue epidemic.At the edge of the county,auto repair stations and waste tires stations are the most suitable breeding environment for St.albopictus,should be the focus on mosquitoes control.
Objective To evaluate the risk of dengue fever in 12 counties(cities)of Dali,and to do improve the prevention and control work of dengue for Dali prefecture,in order to provide scientific basis for the possible occurrence of ferocious dengue epidemic.Methods In July and August of 2016,the investigation was carried out on the larvae of Aedes mosquitoes in the 12 counties(cities).Residential area survey:Each county will be divided into five districts according to the east,south,west,north and middle,and 50 households are randomly selected for each area.and checked the Aedes mosquito larvae in the temporary and permanent stagnant water,and suck out all 4-year-old Aedes larvae to identify,calculate the housing index,container index,Breteau index;The special site survey:selected two green lands of urban park,not less than 10 waste recycling stations,not less than 20 tire purchase stations and 2 hospitals,to carry out Aedes larvae investigation,every 30 m~2 of green space park converted to 1 household,calculate the container index,the Breteau index.Results 3 014 households were investigated in 12 counties of Dali prefecture,Aedes larvae were not found in the residents among the remaining 11 counties and cities except 5 containers which were taken from 5 households of Eryuan County residential area Aedes albopictus larvae were found,Except the middle of the county did not catch the St.albopictus larvae,the other four directions caught St.albopictus larvae,the highest Breteau index in the 4.the special place investigated of 12 counties and cities were 274 560 m~2,converted into the number of 9 152 households,there were 9 705 water containers,only 1 container from Eryuan county and 1 container from Yangbi County found the white St.aegypti Larvae,the places where we found St.aegyptiformis larvae were auto repair stations and tire recycling stations,the rest of the special places were not found Aedes larvae,Eryuan County special site maximum Bretteau index of 5;the BI in Yangbi County special places up to 6.25.Conclusion St.aegypti was not found in Dali,only a small number of St.albopictus in local area,and the density was low,the current urban and rural areas of the risk of dengue fever was relatively low,but The situation that St.aegypti from Yunnan invade and spread to Dali iwas very grim,dengue fever was acute mosquito-borne infectious diseases,actively and easily spread,need to strengthen the monitoring to deal with the potential occurrence of ferocious dengue epidemic.At the edge of the county,auto repair stations and waste tires stations are the most suitable breeding environment for St.albopictus,should be the focus on mosquitoes control.
引文
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[8]石清明,赵彤言.云南省登革热媒介埃及伊蚊入侵扩散现状.寄生虫与医学昆虫学报,2016,23(3):175-182.
[9]柯春荣,段炳华,林灿松,等.大理市银桥镇新邑村登革热发病风险评估.疾病监测与控制,2015,9(8):553-555.
[10]柯春荣,李鸿钧,易寿生,等.登革热与疟疾传播过程的难易程度比较.中国媒介生物学及控制杂志,2008,19(2):98-98.
[2]李华昌,潘虹,冯云,等.2015年云南省临沧市登革热暴发的流行病学调查.疾病监测,2016,31(7):561-565.
[3]杨捷,张保森,唐发良,等.一起登革热暴发疫情流行病学特征分析与现场处置.中国病原生物学杂志,2014,9(11):1020-1024.
[4]李华昌,杨贵荣,史爱军,等.云南临沧市边境地区登革热传播媒介分布调查.中国热带医学杂志,2015,15(2):186-188.
[5]肖东楼.登革热防治手册[M].2版.北京:人民卫生出版社,2008.
[6]王于文,王瑞国,李轼,等.瑞丽市埃及伊蚊的调查.中国媒介生物学及控制杂志,2007,18(1):61.
[7]王丕玉,周红宁,吴超,等.云南省登革热媒介埃及伊蚊的分布调查.中国媒介生物学及控制杂志,2006,17(6):507-508.
[8]石清明,赵彤言.云南省登革热媒介埃及伊蚊入侵扩散现状.寄生虫与医学昆虫学报,2016,23(3):175-182.
[9]柯春荣,段炳华,林灿松,等.大理市银桥镇新邑村登革热发病风险评估.疾病监测与控制,2015,9(8):553-555.
[10]柯春荣,李鸿钧,易寿生,等.登革热与疟疾传播过程的难易程度比较.中国媒介生物学及控制杂志,2008,19(2):98-98.