神农架大九湖泥炭湿地二氧化碳和甲烷排放化学计量比研究
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摘要
湿地碳释放产物之间关系的研究对了解湿地生态系统碳固定和温室气体排放机理具有重要意义。运用涡度相关技术连续原位观测,对湖北省神农架林区大九湖亚高山泥炭湿地二氧化碳(CO_2)和甲烷(CH_4)的排放特征、CO_2与CH_4排放化学计量比(CO_2∶CH_4比值)的动态变化及其与环境因子的相关性进行了分析。结果表明:①大九湖泥炭湿地CH_4和CO_2通量均表现出较明显的月和季节变化规律,从CO_2与CH_4排放的相关性拟合结果来看,各季节CH_4与CO_2排放的月平均关系表现为线性拟合或一元二次拟合效果最佳,而其日平均关系则表现为一元二次拟合效果较好;②泥炭湿地CO_2∶CH_4比值从2017年3月到2018年1月呈"U"型曲线,1月达到最大值后下降,且全年CO_2:CH_4比值日平均与CO_2呈极显著正相关关系;③除地面以下20cm处土壤含水量(SWC20)月平均外,CO_2∶CH_4日/月平均变化与环境因子均呈极显著相关关系,其中CO_2∶CH_4比值与环境温度、土壤温度呈极显著负相关关系,而CO_2∶CH_4比值与土壤含水量呈极显著正相关关系。
The study of the relationship between wetland carbon release products is of great significance to understanding the mechanism of carbon fixation and greenhouse gas emission in wetland ecosystem.This paper applies continuous in-situ observation of eddy covariance technique to analyzing the dynamic changes of the stoichiometry of carbon dioxide(CO_2)and methane(CH_4)emissions(CO_2∶CH_4)of Dajiuhu subalpine peat wetland in Shennongjia Forestry Administration District of Hubei Province,as well as the correlation between CO_2∶CH_4 and environmental factors.The results are as follows:①Both CH_4 and CO_2 fluxes in peat wetland show significant monthly and seasonal changes;from the fitting relation of CO_2 and CH_4 emission fluxes,the monthly average relation is best linear fitting or quadratic fitting while the daily average relationship shows the best quadratic fitting with one variable;②CO_2∶CH_4 in peat wetland is " U" from March 2017 to January 2018.CO_2∶CH_4 fell after peaking in January,and it is positively correlated with carbon dioxide;③Except for the monthly average of the soil water content 20 cm below the ground(SWC20),the daily/monthly average of CO_2∶CH_4 is significantly correlated with environmental factors.The environmental temperature and soil temperature are much correlated with CO_2∶CH_4,while the soil moisture content is positively correlated with CO_2∶CH_4.
The study of the relationship between wetland carbon release products is of great significance to understanding the mechanism of carbon fixation and greenhouse gas emission in wetland ecosystem.This paper applies continuous in-situ observation of eddy covariance technique to analyzing the dynamic changes of the stoichiometry of carbon dioxide(CO_2)and methane(CH_4)emissions(CO_2∶CH_4)of Dajiuhu subalpine peat wetland in Shennongjia Forestry Administration District of Hubei Province,as well as the correlation between CO_2∶CH_4 and environmental factors.The results are as follows:①Both CH_4 and CO_2 fluxes in peat wetland show significant monthly and seasonal changes;from the fitting relation of CO_2 and CH_4 emission fluxes,the monthly average relation is best linear fitting or quadratic fitting while the daily average relationship shows the best quadratic fitting with one variable;②CO_2∶CH_4 in peat wetland is " U" from March 2017 to January 2018.CO_2∶CH_4 fell after peaking in January,and it is positively correlated with carbon dioxide;③Except for the monthly average of the soil water content 20 cm below the ground(SWC20),the daily/monthly average of CO_2∶CH_4 is significantly correlated with environmental factors.The environmental temperature and soil temperature are much correlated with CO_2∶CH_4,while the soil moisture content is positively correlated with CO_2∶CH_4.
引文
[1]刘子刚.湿地生态系统碳储存和温室气体排放研究[J].地理科学,2004,24(5):634-639.
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[11]贺金生,韩兴国.生态化学计量学:探索从个体到生态系统的统一化理论[J].植物生态学报,2010,34(1):2-6.
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[14]McMillan A M S,Goulden M L,Tyler S C.Stoichiometry of CH4and CO2flux in a California rice paddy[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,2007,112:G01008.DOI:10.1029/2006JG000198.
[15]McNamara N P,Plant T,Oakley S,et al.Gully hotspot contribution to landscape methane(CH4)and carbon dioxide(CO2)fluxes in a northern peatland[J].Science of the Total Environment,2008,404:354-360.
[16]Clark J M,Lane S N,Chapman P J,et al.Export of dissolved organic carbon from an upland peatland during storm events:Implications for flux estimates[J].Journal of Hydrology,2007,347:438-447.
[17]Lamentowicz M,Obremska M,Mitchell E A D.Autogenic succession,land-use change,and climatic influences on the Holocene development of a kettle-hole mire in Northern Poland[J].Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology,2008,151:21-40.
[18]Bridgham S D,Cadillo-Quiroz H,Keller J K,et al.Methane emissions from wetlands:Biogeochemical,microbial,andmodeling perspectives from local to global scales[J].Global Change Biology,2013,19(5):1325-1346.
[19]Knox S H,Matthes J H,Sturtevant C,et al.Biophysical controls on interannual variability in ecosystem-scale CO2and CH4exchange in a California rice paddy[J].Geophys.Res.Biogeosci.,2016,121:978-1001.DOI:10.1002/2015JG003247.
[20]Falge E,Baldocchi D,Olson R,et al.Gap filling strategies for defensible annual sums of net ecosystem exchange[J].Agricultural and Forest Meteorology,2001,107(1):43-69.
[21]Ruimy A,Jarvis P G,Baldocchi D D,et al.CO2fluxes over plant canopies and solar radiation:A review[J].Advances in Ecological Research,1995,26(26):1-68.
[22]Aubinet M,Chermanne B,Vandenhaute M,et al.Longtime carbon dioxide exchange above a mixed forest in the Belgian Ardennes[J].Agriculture and Forest Meteorology,2001,108:293-315.
[23]Lloyd J,Taylor J A.On the temperature dependence of soil respiration[J].Functional Ecology,1994,8(3):315-323.
[24]Fang C,Moncrieff J B.The dependence of soil CO2efflux on temperature[J].Soil Biology&Biochemistry,2001,33:155-165.
[25]李艳元,葛继稳,彭凤姣,等.神农架大九湖泥炭湿地CH4通量特征及其影响因子[J].地球科学,2017,42(5):832-842.
[26]彭凤姣,葛继稳,李艳元,等.神农架大九湖泥炭湿地CO2通量特征及其影响因子[J].生态环境学报,2017,26(3):453-460.
[27]郝庆菊,王跃思,宋长春,等.三江平原湿地土壤CO2和CH4排放的初步研究[J].农业环境科学学报,2004,23(5):846-851.
[28]宋长春,杨文燕,徐小锋,等.沼泽湿地生态系统土壤CO2和CH4排放动态及影响因素[J].环境科学,2004,25(4):1-6.
[29]廖稷.闽江河口芦苇湿地甲烷和二氧化碳排放通量分析[D].福州:福建师范大学,2010.
[30]邹建文,黄耀,宗良纲,等.稻田CO2、CH4和N2O排放及其影响因素[J].环境科学学报,2003,23(6):758-764.
[2]王郭臣.长江河口湿地植被固碳对CH4和CO2产生的贡献[D].上海:华东师范大学,2018.
[3]World Meteorological Organization.WMO Greenhouse Gas Bulletin:The State of Greenhouse Gases in the Atmosphere Based on Global Observations through 2016[R/OL].(2017-10-13).https://library.wmo.int/opac/doc_num.php?explnum_id=4022.
[4]Zhang F W,Liu A H,Li Y N,et al.CO2flux in alpine wetland ecosystem on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau,China[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2008,28(2),453-462.
[5]Svik A K,Klve B.Emission of N2O and CH4from a constructed wetland in southeastern Norway[J].Science of the Total Environment,2007,380:28-37.
[6]Martha A S,Brian C P,Enrique R,et al.Factors affecting spatial and temporal variability in material exchange between the Southern Everglades wetlands and Florida Bay(USA)[J].Estuarine,Coastal and Shelf Science,2003,57:757-781.
[7]Song C C.Advance in research on carbon cycling in wetlands[J].Scientia Geographica Sinica,2003,23(5):622-628.
[8]Zhou L,Zhou G S,Jia Q Y.Annual cycle of CO2exchange over a reed(Phragmites australis)wetland in Northeast China[J].A-quatic Botany,2009,91(2):91-98.
[9]Gary J W,Jeffrey P C.Greenhouse carbon balance of wetlands:Methane emission versus carbon sequestration[J].Tellus B:Chemical and Physical Meteorology,2001,53(5):521-528.
[10]沙晨燕,谭娟,王卿,等.不同类型河滨湿地甲烷和二氧化碳排放初步研究[J].生态环境学报,2015,24(7):1182-1190.
[11]贺金生,韩兴国.生态化学计量学:探索从个体到生态系统的统一化理论[J].植物生态学报,2010,34(1):2-6.
[12]王维奇,曾从盛,仝川,等.闽江河口潮汐湿地二氧化碳和甲烷排放化学计量比[J].生态学报,2012,32(14):4396-4402.
[13]Whiting G J,Chanton J P.Primary production control of methane emission from wetlands[J].Letters to Nature,1993,364:794-795.
[14]McMillan A M S,Goulden M L,Tyler S C.Stoichiometry of CH4and CO2flux in a California rice paddy[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,2007,112:G01008.DOI:10.1029/2006JG000198.
[15]McNamara N P,Plant T,Oakley S,et al.Gully hotspot contribution to landscape methane(CH4)and carbon dioxide(CO2)fluxes in a northern peatland[J].Science of the Total Environment,2008,404:354-360.
[16]Clark J M,Lane S N,Chapman P J,et al.Export of dissolved organic carbon from an upland peatland during storm events:Implications for flux estimates[J].Journal of Hydrology,2007,347:438-447.
[17]Lamentowicz M,Obremska M,Mitchell E A D.Autogenic succession,land-use change,and climatic influences on the Holocene development of a kettle-hole mire in Northern Poland[J].Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology,2008,151:21-40.
[18]Bridgham S D,Cadillo-Quiroz H,Keller J K,et al.Methane emissions from wetlands:Biogeochemical,microbial,andmodeling perspectives from local to global scales[J].Global Change Biology,2013,19(5):1325-1346.
[19]Knox S H,Matthes J H,Sturtevant C,et al.Biophysical controls on interannual variability in ecosystem-scale CO2and CH4exchange in a California rice paddy[J].Geophys.Res.Biogeosci.,2016,121:978-1001.DOI:10.1002/2015JG003247.
[20]Falge E,Baldocchi D,Olson R,et al.Gap filling strategies for defensible annual sums of net ecosystem exchange[J].Agricultural and Forest Meteorology,2001,107(1):43-69.
[21]Ruimy A,Jarvis P G,Baldocchi D D,et al.CO2fluxes over plant canopies and solar radiation:A review[J].Advances in Ecological Research,1995,26(26):1-68.
[22]Aubinet M,Chermanne B,Vandenhaute M,et al.Longtime carbon dioxide exchange above a mixed forest in the Belgian Ardennes[J].Agriculture and Forest Meteorology,2001,108:293-315.
[23]Lloyd J,Taylor J A.On the temperature dependence of soil respiration[J].Functional Ecology,1994,8(3):315-323.
[24]Fang C,Moncrieff J B.The dependence of soil CO2efflux on temperature[J].Soil Biology&Biochemistry,2001,33:155-165.
[25]李艳元,葛继稳,彭凤姣,等.神农架大九湖泥炭湿地CH4通量特征及其影响因子[J].地球科学,2017,42(5):832-842.
[26]彭凤姣,葛继稳,李艳元,等.神农架大九湖泥炭湿地CO2通量特征及其影响因子[J].生态环境学报,2017,26(3):453-460.
[27]郝庆菊,王跃思,宋长春,等.三江平原湿地土壤CO2和CH4排放的初步研究[J].农业环境科学学报,2004,23(5):846-851.
[28]宋长春,杨文燕,徐小锋,等.沼泽湿地生态系统土壤CO2和CH4排放动态及影响因素[J].环境科学,2004,25(4):1-6.
[29]廖稷.闽江河口芦苇湿地甲烷和二氧化碳排放通量分析[D].福州:福建师范大学,2010.
[30]邹建文,黄耀,宗良纲,等.稻田CO2、CH4和N2O排放及其影响因素[J].环境科学学报,2003,23(6):758-764.