应变时效对Q345钢力学性能影响研究
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摘要
针对Q345钢和对接焊缝试件开展了应变时效试验研究,分析了应变时效对钢材及焊缝力学性能的影响,采用Ramberg-Osgood模型对应变时效试件应力-应变曲线进行拟合。研究结果表明:预应变为12. 5%、时效为7 d标准试件的抗拉强度提高10%,断裂应变降低33%,增大了结构发生脆性破坏的可能性。应变时效提高了对接焊缝试件强度,降低了塑性和韧性。预应变为20%时,对接焊缝试件的断裂应变下降可达50%,应变时效后对接焊缝试件的变形能力显著降低,更易发生脆性破坏。采用Ramberg-Osgood模型可以较为准确地拟合应变时效后的应力-应变曲线,与试验结果吻合较好,适用于不同应变时效处理后的应力-应变曲线。其中,预应变和时效增加均能引起特征指数n增大,预应变对特征指数n的影响更显著。与时效影响相比,预应变对Q345钢和对接焊缝试件力学性能的影响更加显著。
The strain ageing test was carried out on the Q345 steel and butt weld test specimens. The influence of strain ageing on the mechanical properties of steel and weld was analyzed. The Ramberg-Osgood model was used to fit the stressstrain curve of the ageing test specimen. The results showed that the tensile strength of the standard specimen with pre-strain of 12. 5% and 7 days ageing was increased by 10% and the strain at break was reduced by 33%,which increased the possibility of brittle failure. Strain ageing could improve the strength of the butt weld specimen and reduce plasticity and toughness. When the pre-strain was 20%,the fracture strain of the butt weld specimen could be reduced by 50%,and the deformation capacity of the butt weld specimen after strain ageing was significantly reduced,and brittle fracture was more likely to occur. The Ramberg-Osgood model could be used to accurately fit the stress-strain curve after strain ageing,which was in good agreement with the experimental results and was suitable for stress-strain curves after different strain ageing treatments. Among them,both the pre-strain and the ageing increase could cause the characteristic index n to increase,and the pre-strain affects the characteristic index n more significantly. Compared with the ageing effect,the effects of pre-strain on the mechanical properties of Q345 steel and butt weld specimens were more significant.
The strain ageing test was carried out on the Q345 steel and butt weld test specimens. The influence of strain ageing on the mechanical properties of steel and weld was analyzed. The Ramberg-Osgood model was used to fit the stressstrain curve of the ageing test specimen. The results showed that the tensile strength of the standard specimen with pre-strain of 12. 5% and 7 days ageing was increased by 10% and the strain at break was reduced by 33%,which increased the possibility of brittle failure. Strain ageing could improve the strength of the butt weld specimen and reduce plasticity and toughness. When the pre-strain was 20%,the fracture strain of the butt weld specimen could be reduced by 50%,and the deformation capacity of the butt weld specimen after strain ageing was significantly reduced,and brittle fracture was more likely to occur. The Ramberg-Osgood model could be used to accurately fit the stress-strain curve after strain ageing,which was in good agreement with the experimental results and was suitable for stress-strain curves after different strain ageing treatments. Among them,both the pre-strain and the ageing increase could cause the characteristic index n to increase,and the pre-strain affects the characteristic index n more significantly. Compared with the ageing effect,the effects of pre-strain on the mechanical properties of Q345 steel and butt weld specimens were more significant.
引文
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[21]刘玉卿,张振永,杨帆.管道过量塑性变形之Ramberg-Osgood方程研究[J].中国石油和化工标准与质量,2014,34(11):239-240.
[2]李亮,杨力能,张庶鑫,等.预应变量和时效对X80HD2钢厚壁大变形直缝焊管低温冲击性能的影响[J].金属热处理,2015,40(3):86-91.
[3]郑生斌,熊祥江,李中平,等.X90级管线钢应变时效行为[J].金属热处理,2016,41(6):27-30.
[4]刘治飞,闫沛军,徐人平,等.应变时效对ADB610钢冲击韧性的影响[J].材料开发与应用,2013,28(3):36-39.
[5] HOSSEINI S,HEIDARPOUR A,COLLINS F,et al. Effect of Strain Ageing on the Mechanical Properties of Partially Damaged Structural Mild Steel[J]. Construction and Building Materials,2015,77:83-93.
[6] HOSSEINI S,HEIDARPOUR A,COLLINS F,et al. Strain Ageing Effect on the Temperature Dependent Mechanical Properties of Partially Damaged Structural Mild-Steel Induced by High Strain Rate Loading[J]. Construction and Building Materials,2016,123:454-463.
[7]张忠良.应变时效对高强建筑用热轧H型钢低周疲劳性能的影响[J].锻压技术,2014,39(7):102-105.
[8]崔好选.临氢碳钢高压管失效分析与风险评估研究[D].济南:山东大学,2011.
[9]李梦丽,王威强,李爱菊,等.热处理避免和消除20钢厚壁高压管应变时效脆化实验研究[J].材料工程,2011(1):57-63.
[10]闵祥玲,王晓香,万金涛,等.应变时效对高强度管线钢管的影响[J].焊管,2010,33(4):66-71.
[11]马晶,贾智敏,田晨超,等.应变时效对(B+M/A)X80大变形管线钢的组织和性能影响[J].中国铸造装备与技术,2017(4):11-14.
[12]张伟卫,齐丽华,李洋,等.X100管线钢应变时效行为研究[J].焊管,2013,36(2):14-18.
[13] ELAGINA O Y,EFIMENKO L A,VOLKOV I V. Study of the Effect of Strain Ageing on Corrosion Failure and Sub Microstructure of Low-Carbon Steels for Gas-Distribution Pipelines[J]. Chemical and Petroleum Engineering,2015,51(1):5-6.
[14]温永红,唐荻,武会宾,等.F40级船板钢的应变时效行为[J].北京科技大学学报,2008(11):1244-1248.
[15]侯登义,徐洪庆,陈晔.NVB级船板应变时效敏感性试验[J].钢铁钒钛,2008(1):34-37.
[16]吴青松,欧阳页先.应变时效对双相钢和低合金高强钢屈服强度及应变硬化率的影响[J].机械工程材料,2012,36(4):58-61.
[17] PERELOMA E V,BATA V,SCOTT R I,et al. Effect of Cr and Mo on Strain Ageing Behaviour of Low Carbon Steel[J]. Materials Science and Engineering A,2010,527:2538-2546.
[18] KAMAYA M. Ramberg-Osgood Type Stress-Strain Curve Estimation Using Yield and Ultimate Strengths for Failure Assessments[J]. International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping,2016(1):137.
[19]田越,程育仁. U71Mn轨钢拉伸应力应变曲线的RambergOsgood模型拟合[J].物理测试,1991(5):30-35.
[20]中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局.金属材料拉伸试验第1部分:室温试验方法:GB/T 228. 1—2010[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2009.
[21]刘玉卿,张振永,杨帆.管道过量塑性变形之Ramberg-Osgood方程研究[J].中国石油和化工标准与质量,2014,34(11):239-240.
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