基于车载环境的时间同步协议优化
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摘要
针对车载以太网在运行时间同步协议过程中存在的不足,提出涉及到主时钟仲裁、启动时间加速、冗余路径选择和故障恢复机制的优化方法并采用实物网络测试验证其可行性和有效性。在保证同步精度的前提下,对这些问题提出优化措施从而使车载时间同步过程始终处于可预测的状态;在运行过程中同步时钟对节点和链路故障具有容错能力并提出同步彻底失效时的容错机制,从而避免同步故障对正常驾驶产生影响。
To improve the time synchronization protocol in automotive environment, this paper proposes optimization methods including master clock arbitration, start-up timing, redundant path selection and fault recovery mechanism. The feasibility and effectiveness of these methods are tested on the real network. Without reducing synchronization accuracy, the optimization methods keep the new time synchronization process in a predictable state. Synchronous clock is fault-tolerant to node and link fault. Moreover, the fault-tolerant mechanism is proposed when synchronization fails completely, so as to avoid the impact of synchronous failure on normal driving.
To improve the time synchronization protocol in automotive environment, this paper proposes optimization methods including master clock arbitration, start-up timing, redundant path selection and fault recovery mechanism. The feasibility and effectiveness of these methods are tested on the real network. Without reducing synchronization accuracy, the optimization methods keep the new time synchronization process in a predictable state. Synchronous clock is fault-tolerant to node and link fault. Moreover, the fault-tolerant mechanism is proposed when synchronization fails completely, so as to avoid the impact of synchronous failure on normal driving.
引文
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[11] DIARRA A, HOGENMUELLER T, ZIMMERMANN A, et al. Improved clock synchronization start-up time for Ethernet AVB-based in-vehicle networks[C]. Emerging Technologies & Factory Automation, 2015: 1- 8.
[12] PUHM A, MAHMOOD A,BIGLER T, et al. Synchronizing an IEEE 1588 slave clock over both paths of a redundant Ethernet system[C]. IEEE International Symposium on Precision Clock Synchronization for Measurement, Control, and Communication (ISPCS), 2016: 1- 6.
[13] 宁楠, 廖晓春, 邓其军,等. 基于IEEE1588的智能变电站多时钟域数据同步技术[J]. 武汉大学学报(工学版), 2014, 47(3): 344-349.NING N, LIAO X CH, DENG Q J, et al. IEEE1588-based multi-clock domain synchronization in smart substation [J]. Engineering Journal of Wuhan University, 2014, 47(3): 344-349.
[14] ZENG W, KHALID M A S, CHOWDHURY S. In-vehicle networks outlook: achievements and challenges[C]. IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials, 2016: 1552-1571.
[15] YIN H, FU P, QIAO J, et al. The implementation of IEEE 1588 clock synchronization protocol based on FPGA[C]. IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference, 2018: 1- 6.
[16] TIEN N X, RHEE J M. A novel algorithm for establishing a Balanced synchronization hierarchy with spare masters (BSHSM) for the IEEE 1588 precision time protocol[J]. Energies, 2017, 10(10):1- 16.
[2] ZHAO L, POP P, CRACIUNAS S S. Worst-case latency analysis for IEEE 802.1Qbv time sensitive networks using network calculus[J]. IEEE Access, 2018(6): 41803- 41815.
[3] 朱小锴, 赵晓铎, 李超, 等. 基于多时源的高稳时间同步装置的研制[J]. 计算机测量与控制, 2018, 26(12): 175-179,189.ZHU X K, ZHAO X D, LI CH, et al. Development of high stability time synchronization device based on multi time source[J]. Computer Measurement & Control, 2018, 26(12): 175-179,189.
[4] 周猛, 武杰. 级联传感器网络的混合时钟同步方案[J]. 电子测量技术, 2018, 41(21): 115-118.ZHOU M, WU J. Cascading sensor network hybrid clock synchronization scheme[J]. Electronic measurement technology, 2018, 41(21): 115-118.
[5] PANG F, YUAN Y, GAO L, et al. The accuracy of IEEE 1588 time synchronization protocol and its improvement[C]. 12th IEEE International Conference on Electronic Measurement and Instruments, 2016: 280- 284.
[6] HE S, HUANG L, SHEN J, et al. Time synchronization network for EAST poloidal field power supply control system based on IEEE 1588[J]. IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science, 2018, 46(7): 2680- 2684.
[7] 王栋, 竹瑞博, 邱祖雄,等. 基于PTP的高精度频率同步恢复技术研究[J]. 自动化与仪器仪表, 2017(10): 144-147,150.WANG D, ZHU R B, QIU Z X, et al. Research on high precision frequency synchronization recovery technology based on PTP[J]. Automation & Instruments, 2017(10): 144-147,150.
[8] FERENCZ B, KOVACSHAZY T. Effects of runtime failures in IEEE 1588 clock networks[C]. IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference,2017: 1- 6.
[9] 甘明庆, 陈波, 姚浩, 等. 智能变电站时间同步系统可靠性分析与评估[J]. 自动化与仪器仪表, 2016(9): 160-164.GAN M Q, CHEN B, YAO H, et al. Reliability analysis and evaluation of time synchronization system in intelligent substation[J]. Automation & Instruments, 2016(9): 160-164.
[10] 王頲, 段斯静, 黄庆卿, 等. 工业物联网确定性调度中TDMA紧时隙时间精度边界可靠性分析[J]. 仪器仪表学报, 2018, 39(6): 120-131.WANG T, DUAN S J, HUANG Q Q, et al. Reliability analysis of time precision boundary for tight slots of TDMA in deterministic scheduling of industrial internet of things[J]. Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument, 2018, 39(6): 120-131.
[11] DIARRA A, HOGENMUELLER T, ZIMMERMANN A, et al. Improved clock synchronization start-up time for Ethernet AVB-based in-vehicle networks[C]. Emerging Technologies & Factory Automation, 2015: 1- 8.
[12] PUHM A, MAHMOOD A,BIGLER T, et al. Synchronizing an IEEE 1588 slave clock over both paths of a redundant Ethernet system[C]. IEEE International Symposium on Precision Clock Synchronization for Measurement, Control, and Communication (ISPCS), 2016: 1- 6.
[13] 宁楠, 廖晓春, 邓其军,等. 基于IEEE1588的智能变电站多时钟域数据同步技术[J]. 武汉大学学报(工学版), 2014, 47(3): 344-349.NING N, LIAO X CH, DENG Q J, et al. IEEE1588-based multi-clock domain synchronization in smart substation [J]. Engineering Journal of Wuhan University, 2014, 47(3): 344-349.
[14] ZENG W, KHALID M A S, CHOWDHURY S. In-vehicle networks outlook: achievements and challenges[C]. IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials, 2016: 1552-1571.
[15] YIN H, FU P, QIAO J, et al. The implementation of IEEE 1588 clock synchronization protocol based on FPGA[C]. IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference, 2018: 1- 6.
[16] TIEN N X, RHEE J M. A novel algorithm for establishing a Balanced synchronization hierarchy with spare masters (BSHSM) for the IEEE 1588 precision time protocol[J]. Energies, 2017, 10(10):1- 16.