河西走廊地下水超采区变化及成因分析
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摘要
河西走廊地下水超采引发了严重的生态环境问题。近年,随着水资源条件、地下水取用情况等的变化以及超采区治理的实施,河西走廊地下水超采状况发生了较大变化。2010年河西走廊超采区面积13 156.96km~2,2016年减少为8 210.66 km~2,减少37.6%。研究显示,2006—2016年,超采区地下水水位下降速率明显减缓,部分区域地下水水位回升。地下水水位的变化与降水量、地表水来水量及地下水开采量有密切的关系,2001—2016年河西走廊降水量变化不大,出山径流量明显增加,地下水开采量大幅度减少。开采量减少和地表水来水量增加是超采区变化的主要因素。
Over-exploitation of groundwater has led to serious eco-environmental problems in Hexi Corridor. Along with improvements of water resources condition and control of over-exploitation, groundwater abstraction has been reduced in the Hexi Corridor. The over-exploitation area dropped 37.6% from 13 156.96 km~2 in 2010 to 8 210.66 km~2 in 2016. According to the study, descent speed of groundwater level has been slowing down, and groundwater level in some areas has been rising in over-exploited areas. The change of groundwater level closely relates with precipitation,inflow of surface water and groundwater withdrawal. In 2001 — 2016 without changes of precipitation, runoff from mountainous basin has seen an obvious increase and groundwater withdrawal has been reduced. Thus, the decrease of abstraction and increase of surface water are the key influential factors to changes in over-exploited areas.
Over-exploitation of groundwater has led to serious eco-environmental problems in Hexi Corridor. Along with improvements of water resources condition and control of over-exploitation, groundwater abstraction has been reduced in the Hexi Corridor. The over-exploitation area dropped 37.6% from 13 156.96 km~2 in 2010 to 8 210.66 km~2 in 2016. According to the study, descent speed of groundwater level has been slowing down, and groundwater level in some areas has been rising in over-exploited areas. The change of groundwater level closely relates with precipitation,inflow of surface water and groundwater withdrawal. In 2001 — 2016 without changes of precipitation, runoff from mountainous basin has seen an obvious increase and groundwater withdrawal has been reduced. Thus, the decrease of abstraction and increase of surface water are the key influential factors to changes in over-exploited areas.
引文
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