花药培养与麦谷蛋白亚基分子标记结合选育小麦新品种的研究
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摘要
为快速获得携带麦谷蛋白优质亚基基因的小麦新品种,提高小麦的品质育种技术水平,利用引进的矮败材料与和尚头、甘春20号、临麦34号等10个不同品种(系)杂交,并对杂交后代进行了花药培养,获得了115份花培株系;利用PCR对花培后代株系及杂交亲本进行了优质贮藏蛋白亚基分子标记检测,3个HMW-GS为 Bx7、 Bx14、 Dx5,3个LMW-GS为 Glu-A3ac、 Glu-A3d、 Glu-B3b。结果表明,在115份花培材料中, Bx7的出现频率最高,为94.78%,其余依次为 Glu-A3ac、 Dx5、 Bx14、 Glu-A3d和 Glu-B3b;获得了44份聚合4个亚基以上的材料;结合农艺性状鉴定,筛选出了3份综合性状优异的小麦新品系AB158、AB167和AB332。本研究将花培育种技术、分子标记辅助选择技术及矮败小麦育种技术进行了有机结合,其结果可为提升小麦品质育种技术水平提供参考。
To breed wheat new variety with elite glutenin subunits and improve the technical level of breeding for wheat quality improvement, the hybrid progenies of an introduced dwarf-sterile wheat crossed with 10 different varieties, such as Heshangtou, Ganchun 20, Linmai 34, etc. were anther-cultured and 115 anther-cultured plant lines were obtained, which were identified by using three HMW-GS( Bx7, Bx14, and Dx5) and three LMW-GS( Glu-A3 ac, Glu-A3 d, and Glu-B3 b) molecular markers to determine the presence of these subunits in the anther-cultured progenies and the hybrid parents. Results showed that the frequency of Bx7 is the highest among these 115 materials, accounting for 94.78%, followed by the remaining alleles: Glu-A3 ac, Dx5, Bx14, Glu-A3 d and Glu-B3 b; 44 materials contain at least four subunits; three new wheat lines with elite comprehensive traits were selected by combining with determination of agronomic traits in the field. The anther-cultured breeding technology, molecular marker technology, and dwarf-sterile wheat breeding technology were combined in this research, and the results can provide reference for improving the technical level of wheat quality breeding.
To breed wheat new variety with elite glutenin subunits and improve the technical level of breeding for wheat quality improvement, the hybrid progenies of an introduced dwarf-sterile wheat crossed with 10 different varieties, such as Heshangtou, Ganchun 20, Linmai 34, etc. were anther-cultured and 115 anther-cultured plant lines were obtained, which were identified by using three HMW-GS( Bx7, Bx14, and Dx5) and three LMW-GS( Glu-A3 ac, Glu-A3 d, and Glu-B3 b) molecular markers to determine the presence of these subunits in the anther-cultured progenies and the hybrid parents. Results showed that the frequency of Bx7 is the highest among these 115 materials, accounting for 94.78%, followed by the remaining alleles: Glu-A3 ac, Dx5, Bx14, Glu-A3 d and Glu-B3 b; 44 materials contain at least four subunits; three new wheat lines with elite comprehensive traits were selected by combining with determination of agronomic traits in the field. The anther-cultured breeding technology, molecular marker technology, and dwarf-sterile wheat breeding technology were combined in this research, and the results can provide reference for improving the technical level of wheat quality breeding.
引文
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[13]王炜,陈琛,叶春雷,等.甘肃主栽小麦品种及骨干亲本花药培养特性评价及分析[J].核农学报,2016,30(6):1063. WANG W,CHEN C,YE C L,et al.Evaluation and analysis of anther culture characteristics in Gansu wheat cultivars and backbone parents [J].Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences,2016,30(6):1063.
[14]赵林姝,刘录祥,郭会君,等.三个高花药培养力小麦材料培养力性状的配合力分析[J].麦类作物学报,2012,32(3):429. ZHAO L S,LIU L X,GUO H J,et al.Combining ability analysis on anther culture traits of three wheat genotypes with high regeneration ability [J].Journal of Triticeae crops,2012,32(3):429.
[15]康明辉,海燕,黄冰艳,等.从花培品种的选育谈小麦花培育种策略[J].麦类作物学报,2009,29(3):548. KANG M H,HAI Y,HUANG B Y,et al.Breeding strategy for wheat variety derived by anther culture [J].Journal of Triticeae Crops,2009,29(3):548.
[16]张艳敏,郭北海,李洪杰,等.小麦花药培养的基因型差异与杂交组合配制[J].华北农学报,2002,17(2):18. ZHANG Y M,GUO B H,LI H J,et al.Genotype difference in wheat anther culture response and selection of cross combination [J].Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica,2002,17(2):18.
[17]DHAKA V,KHATKAR B S.Effects of gliadin/glutenin and HMW-GS/LMW-GS ratio on dough rheological properties and bread-making potential of wheat varieties [J].Journal of Food Quality,2015,38(2):74.
[18]刘会云,刘畅,王坤杨,等.小麦高分子量麦谷蛋白亚基鉴定及其品质效应研究进展[J].植物遗传资源学报,2016,17(4):705. LIU H Y,LIU C,WANG K Y,et al.Review on the identification and bread-making quality of high molecular weight glutenin subunits in wheat [J].Journal of Plant Genetic Resources,2016,17(4):705.
[19]路建龙,逄蕾,柴守玺.HMW-GS对春小麦品质的影响及不同亚基评分比较[J].核农学报,2017,31(1):83. LU J L,FENG L,CHAI S X.Effect of HMW-GS on quality properties of spring wheat and evaluation of subunit score system [J].Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences,2017,31(1):83.
[20]陈新民,张艳,夏先春,等.高分子量麦谷蛋白亚基分子标记在小麦品种改良中的应用[J].麦类作物学报,2012,32(5):963. CHEN X M,ZHANG Y,XIA X C,et al.Application of molecular markers of HMW-GS in wheat improvement [J].Journal of Triticeae Crops,2012,32(5):963.
[21]王静,刘东涛,陈荣振,等.黄淮麦区部分小麦品种(系)高分子量麦谷蛋白亚基的SDS-PAGE和分子标记分析[J].西北农业学报,2015,24(2):31. WANG J,LIU D T,CHEN R Z,et al.HMW-GS composition analysis of wheat materials from Huang-Huai region of China with SDS-PAGE and molecular markers [J].Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Occidentalis Sinica,2015,24(2):31.
[22]王林海.普通小麦及其近缘种低分子量麦谷蛋白基因克隆与STS标记开发[D].北京:中国农业科学院,2009:9. WANG L H.Characterisation of low molecular weight glutenin genes and development of STS markers in common wheat and its relatives [D].Beijing:Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,2009:9.
[23]WANG L,LI G,PENA R J,et al.Development of STS markers and establishment of multiplex PCR for Glu-A3 alleles in common wheat(Triticum aestivum L.) [J].Journal of Cereal Science,2010,51(3):307.
[24]XIN Z Y,HE Z H,MA Y Z,et al.Crop breeding and biotechnology in China [J].Journal of New Seeds,1999,1(1):76.
[25]王成社.花药培养与多种技术结合选育小麦优良新品种(系)[J].西安联合大学学报,2000,3(4):9. WANG C S.Study on combining anther culture with other breeding techniques for wheat breeding [J].Journal of Xi'an United University,2000,3(4):9.
[2]高振贤,李亚青,田国英,等.小麦高分子量麦谷蛋白亚基组成和检测研究进展[J].中国农学通报,2018,34(16):37. GAO Z X,LI Y Q,TIAN G Y,et al.Composition and detection of high-molecular-weight glutenin subunit in wheat:Research progress [J].Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin,2018,34(16):37.
[3]王炜,陈琛,欧巧明,等.小麦花药培养的研究和应用[J].核农学报,2016,30(12):2344. WANG W,CHEN C,OU Q M,et al.Research and application of wheat anther culture [J].Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences,2016,30(12):2344.
[4]孙海波,邹美智,任洪岩,等.花药培养快速培育聚合抗3种水稻病害基因的新种质研究[J].华北农学报,2015,30(2):122. SUN H B,ZOU M Z,REN H Y,et al.Study of quick cultivation of new seeds with three diseases resistance by anther culture method [J].Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica,2015,30(2):122.
[5]SEGUISIMARRO J M.Androgenesis revisited [J].Botanical Review,2010,76(3):377.
[6]王世红,刘效华,柳娜,等.紧凑株型春小麦新品系在河西灌区的产量潜力[J].灌溉排水学报,2014,33(1):120. WANG S H,LIU X H,LIU N,et al.Yield potential of new spring wheat lines with compact plant-type in Hexi irrigation area [J].Journal of Irrigation and Drainage,2014,33(1):120.
[7]王炜,王剑虹,罗俊杰,等.干旱胁迫对小麦花药培养的影响[J].麦类作物学报,2016,36(5):642. WANG W,WANG J H,LUO J J,et al.Effect of drought stress on wheat anther culture [J].Journal of Triticeae Crops,2016,36(5):642.
[8]胡凤灵,何中虎,葛建贵,等.冬小麦品种高低分子量麦谷蛋白亚基的分子标记检测[J].麦类作物学报,2011,31(6):1073. HU F L,HE Z H,GE J G,et al.Characterization of high- and low-molecular weight glutenin subunits in Chinese winter wheat varieties using molecular markers [J].Journal of Triticeae Crops,2011,31(6):1073.
[9]芦静,何中虎,夏先春,等.新疆小麦品种高分子量谷蛋白亚基及相关品质基因的分子标记检测[J].作物学报,2009,35(4):649. LU J,HE Z H,XIA X C,et al.Characterization of Xinjiang local and introduced wheat germplasm for high molecular weight glutenin subunits and quality-related genes with molecular markers [J].Acta Agronomica Sinica,2009,35(4):649.
[10]王欣,范三红,阎晓华,等.小麦HMW-GS 1 Bx14基因特异标记体系的建立[J].西北植物学报,2005,25(11):2190. WANG X,FAN S H,YAN X H,et al.Developing specific molecular marker for wheat HMW-GS1 Bx14 gene [J].Acta Botany Boreal-Occident Sinica,2005,25(11):2190.
[11]WANG L H,ZHAO X L,HE Z H,et al.Characterization of low-molecular-weight glutenin subunit Glu-B3 genes and development of STS markers in common wheat(Triticum aestivum L.) [J].Theoretical and Applied Genetics,2009,118(3):526.
[12]韩晓峰,陶丽莉,殷桂香,等.基因型和环境条件对小麦花药培养效果的影响[J].作物学报,2010,36(7):1210. HAO X F,TAO L L,YIN G X,et al.Effect of genotype and growing environment on anther culture in wheat [J].Acta Agronomica Sinica,2010,36(7):1210.
[13]王炜,陈琛,叶春雷,等.甘肃主栽小麦品种及骨干亲本花药培养特性评价及分析[J].核农学报,2016,30(6):1063. WANG W,CHEN C,YE C L,et al.Evaluation and analysis of anther culture characteristics in Gansu wheat cultivars and backbone parents [J].Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences,2016,30(6):1063.
[14]赵林姝,刘录祥,郭会君,等.三个高花药培养力小麦材料培养力性状的配合力分析[J].麦类作物学报,2012,32(3):429. ZHAO L S,LIU L X,GUO H J,et al.Combining ability analysis on anther culture traits of three wheat genotypes with high regeneration ability [J].Journal of Triticeae crops,2012,32(3):429.
[15]康明辉,海燕,黄冰艳,等.从花培品种的选育谈小麦花培育种策略[J].麦类作物学报,2009,29(3):548. KANG M H,HAI Y,HUANG B Y,et al.Breeding strategy for wheat variety derived by anther culture [J].Journal of Triticeae Crops,2009,29(3):548.
[16]张艳敏,郭北海,李洪杰,等.小麦花药培养的基因型差异与杂交组合配制[J].华北农学报,2002,17(2):18. ZHANG Y M,GUO B H,LI H J,et al.Genotype difference in wheat anther culture response and selection of cross combination [J].Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica,2002,17(2):18.
[17]DHAKA V,KHATKAR B S.Effects of gliadin/glutenin and HMW-GS/LMW-GS ratio on dough rheological properties and bread-making potential of wheat varieties [J].Journal of Food Quality,2015,38(2):74.
[18]刘会云,刘畅,王坤杨,等.小麦高分子量麦谷蛋白亚基鉴定及其品质效应研究进展[J].植物遗传资源学报,2016,17(4):705. LIU H Y,LIU C,WANG K Y,et al.Review on the identification and bread-making quality of high molecular weight glutenin subunits in wheat [J].Journal of Plant Genetic Resources,2016,17(4):705.
[19]路建龙,逄蕾,柴守玺.HMW-GS对春小麦品质的影响及不同亚基评分比较[J].核农学报,2017,31(1):83. LU J L,FENG L,CHAI S X.Effect of HMW-GS on quality properties of spring wheat and evaluation of subunit score system [J].Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences,2017,31(1):83.
[20]陈新民,张艳,夏先春,等.高分子量麦谷蛋白亚基分子标记在小麦品种改良中的应用[J].麦类作物学报,2012,32(5):963. CHEN X M,ZHANG Y,XIA X C,et al.Application of molecular markers of HMW-GS in wheat improvement [J].Journal of Triticeae Crops,2012,32(5):963.
[21]王静,刘东涛,陈荣振,等.黄淮麦区部分小麦品种(系)高分子量麦谷蛋白亚基的SDS-PAGE和分子标记分析[J].西北农业学报,2015,24(2):31. WANG J,LIU D T,CHEN R Z,et al.HMW-GS composition analysis of wheat materials from Huang-Huai region of China with SDS-PAGE and molecular markers [J].Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Occidentalis Sinica,2015,24(2):31.
[22]王林海.普通小麦及其近缘种低分子量麦谷蛋白基因克隆与STS标记开发[D].北京:中国农业科学院,2009:9. WANG L H.Characterisation of low molecular weight glutenin genes and development of STS markers in common wheat and its relatives [D].Beijing:Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,2009:9.
[23]WANG L,LI G,PENA R J,et al.Development of STS markers and establishment of multiplex PCR for Glu-A3 alleles in common wheat(Triticum aestivum L.) [J].Journal of Cereal Science,2010,51(3):307.
[24]XIN Z Y,HE Z H,MA Y Z,et al.Crop breeding and biotechnology in China [J].Journal of New Seeds,1999,1(1):76.
[25]王成社.花药培养与多种技术结合选育小麦优良新品种(系)[J].西安联合大学学报,2000,3(4):9. WANG C S.Study on combining anther culture with other breeding techniques for wheat breeding [J].Journal of Xi'an United University,2000,3(4):9.