川东北地区埋藏–剥露历史分析——来自盆地模拟和热年代的制约
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摘要
构造热演化是沉积盆地基础地质研究的重要内容,更是油气勘探中不可或缺的部分,多种古地温方法的综合对比研究是目前热史研究主要发展趋势。本文将裂变径迹(FT)和(U-Th)/He热年代学、镜质体反射率法(Ro)和盆地模拟等技术相结合,运用正演和反演的方法重建了川东北地区埋藏–剥露热演化历史。研究表明川东北地区自晚白垩世埋深达到最大后进入剥蚀阶段,大约从92 Ma开始隆升,经历了快速隆升–缓慢隆升–加速隆升三个阶段,整个过程的剥蚀量大约3~4 km,且两次大的剥露过程分别受控于雪峰山的隆起造山以及大巴山的推覆和青藏高原的隆升作用。研究还建立了综合热年代学、Ro和盆地模拟技术恢复复杂构造–热演化历史的方法,这对于复杂环境下的构造热演化历史的恢复以及海相油气勘探具有重要的意义。
Tectonothermal evolution is an important content of basic geological study in sedimentary basin, and is also an indispensable part of petroleum exploration. A comprehensive comparative study of various palaeogeothermal methods is the main development trend of thermal history research. The burial and denudational history of the Northeast Sichuan Basin was reconstructed through fission-track(FT) and(U-Th)/He thermochronology combined with vitrinite reflectance(Ro) and basin modeling. The exhumation processes were reconstructed by forward and inversion modeling methods. The results show that this area entered the erosion stage since the Late Cretaceous after reaching the maximum burial depth. It started uplifting since 92 Ma and experienced three stages of uplift, including rapid uplift-slow upliftaccelerated uplift. The whole denudation thickness is approximately 3-4 km. The two significant denudations were controlled by orogenic uplift of the Xuefeng Mountain together with thrust napping of the Daba Mountain and the eastward growth of the Tibetan Plateau uplift. This study also established an approach to synthesize thermochronology, Ro and basin modeling to restore the complex tectonic-thermal evolution history, which is likely of applicable in the study of evolution history of complex basins and marine petroleum exploration.
Tectonothermal evolution is an important content of basic geological study in sedimentary basin, and is also an indispensable part of petroleum exploration. A comprehensive comparative study of various palaeogeothermal methods is the main development trend of thermal history research. The burial and denudational history of the Northeast Sichuan Basin was reconstructed through fission-track(FT) and(U-Th)/He thermochronology combined with vitrinite reflectance(Ro) and basin modeling. The exhumation processes were reconstructed by forward and inversion modeling methods. The results show that this area entered the erosion stage since the Late Cretaceous after reaching the maximum burial depth. It started uplifting since 92 Ma and experienced three stages of uplift, including rapid uplift-slow upliftaccelerated uplift. The whole denudation thickness is approximately 3-4 km. The two significant denudations were controlled by orogenic uplift of the Xuefeng Mountain together with thrust napping of the Daba Mountain and the eastward growth of the Tibetan Plateau uplift. This study also established an approach to synthesize thermochronology, Ro and basin modeling to restore the complex tectonic-thermal evolution history, which is likely of applicable in the study of evolution history of complex basins and marine petroleum exploration.
引文
柏道远,钟响,贾朋远,熊雄.2014.雪峰造山带南段构造变形研究.大地构造与成矿学,38(3):512-529.
邓宾,刘树根,刘顺,李智武,赵建成.2009.四川盆地地表剥蚀量恢复及其意义.成都理工大学学报(自然科学版),36(6):675-686.
邓宾.四川盆地中-新生代盆-山结构与油气分布.2013.成都:成都理工大学博士学位论文:13-15.
董树文,胡健民,施炜,张忠义,刘刚.2006.大巴山侏罗纪叠加褶皱与侏罗纪前陆.地球学报,27(5):403-410.
韩伟,卢进才,张云鹏,李玉宏,魏建设,刘溪.2014.内蒙古西部额济纳旗及其邻区磷灰石裂变径迹研究及其油气地质意义.大地构造与成矿学,38(3):647-655.
李瑞保,裴先治,刘战庆,李佐臣,丁仨平,刘智刚,张晓飞,陈国超,陈有炘,王学良.2010.大巴山及川东北前陆盆地盆山物质耦合--来自LA-ICP-MS碎屑锆石U-Pb年代学证据.地质学报,84(8):1118-1134.
李智武,刘树根,罗玉宏,刘顺,徐国强.2006.南大巴山前陆冲断带构造样式及变形机制分析.大地构造与成矿学,30(3):294-304.
刘树根,李智武,刘顺等.2006.大巴山前陆盆地冲断带的形成演化.北京:地质出版社:122-139.
刘树根,邓宾,李智武,孙玮.2011.盆山结构与油气分布--以四川盆地为例.岩石学报,27(3):621-635.
卢庆治,胡圣标,郭彤楼,李忠平.2005.川东北地区异常高压形成的地温场背景.地球物理学报,48(5):1110-1116.
梅廉夫,刘昭茜,汤济广,沈传波,凡元芳.2010.湘鄂西-川东中生代陆内递进扩展变形:来自裂变径迹和平衡剖面的证据.地球科学,35(2):161-174.
邱楠生,胡圣标,何丽娟.2004.沉积盆地热体制研究的理论和应用.北京:石油工业出版社:220-240.
邱楠生,秦建中,Brent I A Mc Innes,王杰,腾格尔,郑伦举.2008.川东北地区构造-热演化探讨--来自(U-Th)/He年龄和Ro的约束.高校地质学报,14(2):223-230.
沈传波,梅廉夫,徐振平,汤济广,田鹏.2007a.大巴山中-新生代隆升的裂变径迹证据.岩石学报,23(11):2901-2910.
沈传波,梅廉夫,郭彤楼.2007b.川东北地区中、新生代热历史的裂变径迹分析.天然气工业,27(7):24-26.
舒姚,胡明.2010.川东北地区构造特征及变形期次探讨.复杂油气藏,3(2):17-20.
唐大卿,汪立君,曾韬,冯兴雷.2008.川东北宣汉-达县地区构造演化及其对油气藏的改造作用.现代地质,22(2):230-238.
田云涛,朱传庆,徐明,饶松,Barry P K,胡圣标.2010.白垩纪以来米仓山-汉南穹窿剥蚀过程及其构造意义:磷灰石裂变径迹的证据.地球物理学报,53(4):920-930.
田云涛,朱传庆,徐明,饶松,Barry P K,胡圣标.2011.晚白垩世以来川东北地区的剥蚀历史--多类低温热年代学数据综合剖面的制约.地球物理学报,54(3):807-816.
童崇光.2000.新构造运动与四川盆地构造演化及气藏形成.成都理工学院学报,27(2):123-130.
王玮,周祖翼,郭彤楼,许长海.2011.四川盆地古地温梯度和中-新生代构造热历史.同济大学学报(自然科学版),39(4):606-613.
吴群,彭金宁.2013.川东北地区埋藏史及热史分析--以普光2井为例.石油实验地质,35(2):133-138.
袁万明,董金泉,王世成,杨志强.2005.东昆仑南部带磷灰石裂变径迹分析的地质意义.核技术,28(9):707-711.
Arne D,Worley B,Wilson C,She F C,Foster D,Zhi L,Shu G L and Dirks P.1997.Differential exhumation in response to episodic thrusting along the eastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau.Tectonophysics,280(3):239-256.
Barker C E and Pawlewicz M J.1994.Calculation of vitrinite reflectance from thermal histories and peak temperatures//Mukhopadhyay P K and Dow W G.Vitrinite Reflectance as a Maturity Parameter.Washington D C:American Chemical Society:216-222.
Barnes J B,Ehlers T A,Mc Quarrie N,O’Sullivan P B and Pelletier J D.2006.Eocene to recent variations in erosion across the central Andean fold-thrust-belt,northern Bolivia:Implications for plateau evolution.Earth and Planetary Science Letters,248(1-2):118-133.
Deng B,Liu S G,Li Z W,Jansa L F,Liu S,Wang G Z and Sun W.2013.Differential exhumation at eastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau,from apatite fission-track thermochronology.Tectonophysics,591:98-115.
Ehlers T A,Farley K A,Rusmore M E and Woodsworth G J.2006.Apatite(U-Th)/He signal of large magnitude and accelerated glacial erosion:Southwest British Columbia.Geology,34(9):765-768.
Gleadow A J W,Belton D X,Kohn B P and Brown R W.2002.Fission track dating of phosphate minerals and the thermochronology of apatite.Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry,48:579-630.
Green P F,Duddy I R and Crowhurst P V.2003.Integrated(U-Th)/He dating,AFTA and vitrinite reflectance results in seven Otway Basin wells confirm regional Late Miocene exhumation and validate helium diffusion sytematics.AAPG Annual Convention,Salt Lake City,Utah:1-23.
Hansen K and Reiners P W.2006.Low temperature thermochronology of the southern East Greenland continental margin:Evidence from apatite(U-Th)/He and fission track analysis and implications for intermethod calibration.Lithos,92(1-2):117-136.
Huang K N and Opdyke N D.1991.Paleomagnetism of Jurassic rocks from southwestern Sichuan and the timing of the closure of the Qinling Suture.Tectonophysics,420:299-316.
Hurford A J and Green P F.1983.The zeta age calibration of fission-track dating.Chemical Geology,41:285-317.
Ketcham R A,Donelick R A and Carlson W D.1999.Variability of apatite fission-track annealing kinetics:III.Extrapolation to geological time scales.American Mineralogist,84:1235-1255.
Ketcham R A.2005.Forward and inverse modeling of low-temperature thermochronometry data.Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry,58:275-314.
Ketcham R A,Carter A,Donelick R A,Barbarand J and Hurford A J.2007.Improved modeling of fission-track annealing in apatite.American Mineralogist,92:799-810.
Laslett G M,Green P F,Duddy I R and Gleadow A J W.1987.Thermal annealing of fission tracks in apatite 2.A quantitative analysis.Chemical Geology,65:1-13.
Lei Y L,Jia C Z,Li B L,Wei G Q,Chen Z X and Shi X.2012.Meso-Cenozoic tectonic events recorded by apatite fission track in the northern Longmen-Micang mountains region.Acta Geologica Sinica,86(1):153-165.
Lisker F,Ventura B and Glasmacher U A.2009.Apatite thermochronology in modern geology.Geological Society,London,Special Publications,324:1-23.
Lorencak M,Kohn B P,Osadetz K G and Gleadow A J W.2004.Combined apatite fission track and(U-Th)/He thermochronometry in a slowly cooled terrane results from a 3440 m deep drill hole in the southern Canadian Shield.Earth and Planetary Science Letters,227:87-104.
Qiu N S,Jiang G,Mei Q H,Chang J,Wang S J and Wang J Y.2011.The Paleozoic tectonothermal evolution of the Bachu Uplift of the Tarim Basin,NW China:Constraints from(U-Th)/He ages,apatite fission track and vitrinite reflectance data.Journal of Asian Earth Sciences,41:551-563.
Reiners P W,Zhou Z Y,Ehlers T A,Xu C H,Brandon M T,Donelick R A and Nicolescu S.2003.Post-orogenic evolution of the Dabie Shan,eastern China,from(U-Th)/He and fission-track thermochronology.American Journal of Science,303:489-518.
Richardson N J,Densmore A L,Seward D,Fowler A,Wipf M,Ellis M A,Yong L and Zhang Y.2008.Extraordinary denudation in the Sichuan Basin:Insights from low-temperature thermochronology adjacent to the eastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau.Journal of Geophysical Research,113:B04409.
Shen C B,Mei L F and Xu S H.2009.Fission track dating of Mesozoic sandstones and its tectonic significance in the Eastern Sichuan Basin,China.Radiation Measurements,44(9-10):945-949.
Tian Y T,Qiu N S,Kohn B P,Zhu C Q,Hu S B,Gleadow AJ W and Brent I A Mc Innes.2012.Detrital zircon(U-Th)/He thermochronometry of the Mesozoic Daba Shan Foreland Basin,central China:Evidence for timing of post-orogenic denudation.Tectonophysics,570:65-77.
Tian Y T,Kohn B P,Gleadow A J W and Hu S B.2013.Constructing the Longmen Shan eastern Tibetan Plateau margin:Insights from low-temperature thermochronology.Tectonics,32(3):576-592.
Wolf R,Farley K A and Kass D M.1998.Modeling of the temperature sensitivity of the apatite(U-Th)/He thermochronometer.Chemical Geology,148:105-114.
Yuan W M,Dong J Q,Shicheng W and Carter A.2006.Apatite fission track evidence for Neogene uplift in the eastern Kunlun Mountains,northern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.Journal of Asian Earth Sciences,27(6):847-856.
邓宾,刘树根,刘顺,李智武,赵建成.2009.四川盆地地表剥蚀量恢复及其意义.成都理工大学学报(自然科学版),36(6):675-686.
邓宾.四川盆地中-新生代盆-山结构与油气分布.2013.成都:成都理工大学博士学位论文:13-15.
董树文,胡健民,施炜,张忠义,刘刚.2006.大巴山侏罗纪叠加褶皱与侏罗纪前陆.地球学报,27(5):403-410.
韩伟,卢进才,张云鹏,李玉宏,魏建设,刘溪.2014.内蒙古西部额济纳旗及其邻区磷灰石裂变径迹研究及其油气地质意义.大地构造与成矿学,38(3):647-655.
李瑞保,裴先治,刘战庆,李佐臣,丁仨平,刘智刚,张晓飞,陈国超,陈有炘,王学良.2010.大巴山及川东北前陆盆地盆山物质耦合--来自LA-ICP-MS碎屑锆石U-Pb年代学证据.地质学报,84(8):1118-1134.
李智武,刘树根,罗玉宏,刘顺,徐国强.2006.南大巴山前陆冲断带构造样式及变形机制分析.大地构造与成矿学,30(3):294-304.
刘树根,李智武,刘顺等.2006.大巴山前陆盆地冲断带的形成演化.北京:地质出版社:122-139.
刘树根,邓宾,李智武,孙玮.2011.盆山结构与油气分布--以四川盆地为例.岩石学报,27(3):621-635.
卢庆治,胡圣标,郭彤楼,李忠平.2005.川东北地区异常高压形成的地温场背景.地球物理学报,48(5):1110-1116.
梅廉夫,刘昭茜,汤济广,沈传波,凡元芳.2010.湘鄂西-川东中生代陆内递进扩展变形:来自裂变径迹和平衡剖面的证据.地球科学,35(2):161-174.
邱楠生,胡圣标,何丽娟.2004.沉积盆地热体制研究的理论和应用.北京:石油工业出版社:220-240.
邱楠生,秦建中,Brent I A Mc Innes,王杰,腾格尔,郑伦举.2008.川东北地区构造-热演化探讨--来自(U-Th)/He年龄和Ro的约束.高校地质学报,14(2):223-230.
沈传波,梅廉夫,徐振平,汤济广,田鹏.2007a.大巴山中-新生代隆升的裂变径迹证据.岩石学报,23(11):2901-2910.
沈传波,梅廉夫,郭彤楼.2007b.川东北地区中、新生代热历史的裂变径迹分析.天然气工业,27(7):24-26.
舒姚,胡明.2010.川东北地区构造特征及变形期次探讨.复杂油气藏,3(2):17-20.
唐大卿,汪立君,曾韬,冯兴雷.2008.川东北宣汉-达县地区构造演化及其对油气藏的改造作用.现代地质,22(2):230-238.
田云涛,朱传庆,徐明,饶松,Barry P K,胡圣标.2010.白垩纪以来米仓山-汉南穹窿剥蚀过程及其构造意义:磷灰石裂变径迹的证据.地球物理学报,53(4):920-930.
田云涛,朱传庆,徐明,饶松,Barry P K,胡圣标.2011.晚白垩世以来川东北地区的剥蚀历史--多类低温热年代学数据综合剖面的制约.地球物理学报,54(3):807-816.
童崇光.2000.新构造运动与四川盆地构造演化及气藏形成.成都理工学院学报,27(2):123-130.
王玮,周祖翼,郭彤楼,许长海.2011.四川盆地古地温梯度和中-新生代构造热历史.同济大学学报(自然科学版),39(4):606-613.
吴群,彭金宁.2013.川东北地区埋藏史及热史分析--以普光2井为例.石油实验地质,35(2):133-138.
袁万明,董金泉,王世成,杨志强.2005.东昆仑南部带磷灰石裂变径迹分析的地质意义.核技术,28(9):707-711.
Arne D,Worley B,Wilson C,She F C,Foster D,Zhi L,Shu G L and Dirks P.1997.Differential exhumation in response to episodic thrusting along the eastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau.Tectonophysics,280(3):239-256.
Barker C E and Pawlewicz M J.1994.Calculation of vitrinite reflectance from thermal histories and peak temperatures//Mukhopadhyay P K and Dow W G.Vitrinite Reflectance as a Maturity Parameter.Washington D C:American Chemical Society:216-222.
Barnes J B,Ehlers T A,Mc Quarrie N,O’Sullivan P B and Pelletier J D.2006.Eocene to recent variations in erosion across the central Andean fold-thrust-belt,northern Bolivia:Implications for plateau evolution.Earth and Planetary Science Letters,248(1-2):118-133.
Deng B,Liu S G,Li Z W,Jansa L F,Liu S,Wang G Z and Sun W.2013.Differential exhumation at eastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau,from apatite fission-track thermochronology.Tectonophysics,591:98-115.
Ehlers T A,Farley K A,Rusmore M E and Woodsworth G J.2006.Apatite(U-Th)/He signal of large magnitude and accelerated glacial erosion:Southwest British Columbia.Geology,34(9):765-768.
Gleadow A J W,Belton D X,Kohn B P and Brown R W.2002.Fission track dating of phosphate minerals and the thermochronology of apatite.Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry,48:579-630.
Green P F,Duddy I R and Crowhurst P V.2003.Integrated(U-Th)/He dating,AFTA and vitrinite reflectance results in seven Otway Basin wells confirm regional Late Miocene exhumation and validate helium diffusion sytematics.AAPG Annual Convention,Salt Lake City,Utah:1-23.
Hansen K and Reiners P W.2006.Low temperature thermochronology of the southern East Greenland continental margin:Evidence from apatite(U-Th)/He and fission track analysis and implications for intermethod calibration.Lithos,92(1-2):117-136.
Huang K N and Opdyke N D.1991.Paleomagnetism of Jurassic rocks from southwestern Sichuan and the timing of the closure of the Qinling Suture.Tectonophysics,420:299-316.
Hurford A J and Green P F.1983.The zeta age calibration of fission-track dating.Chemical Geology,41:285-317.
Ketcham R A,Donelick R A and Carlson W D.1999.Variability of apatite fission-track annealing kinetics:III.Extrapolation to geological time scales.American Mineralogist,84:1235-1255.
Ketcham R A.2005.Forward and inverse modeling of low-temperature thermochronometry data.Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry,58:275-314.
Ketcham R A,Carter A,Donelick R A,Barbarand J and Hurford A J.2007.Improved modeling of fission-track annealing in apatite.American Mineralogist,92:799-810.
Laslett G M,Green P F,Duddy I R and Gleadow A J W.1987.Thermal annealing of fission tracks in apatite 2.A quantitative analysis.Chemical Geology,65:1-13.
Lei Y L,Jia C Z,Li B L,Wei G Q,Chen Z X and Shi X.2012.Meso-Cenozoic tectonic events recorded by apatite fission track in the northern Longmen-Micang mountains region.Acta Geologica Sinica,86(1):153-165.
Lisker F,Ventura B and Glasmacher U A.2009.Apatite thermochronology in modern geology.Geological Society,London,Special Publications,324:1-23.
Lorencak M,Kohn B P,Osadetz K G and Gleadow A J W.2004.Combined apatite fission track and(U-Th)/He thermochronometry in a slowly cooled terrane results from a 3440 m deep drill hole in the southern Canadian Shield.Earth and Planetary Science Letters,227:87-104.
Qiu N S,Jiang G,Mei Q H,Chang J,Wang S J and Wang J Y.2011.The Paleozoic tectonothermal evolution of the Bachu Uplift of the Tarim Basin,NW China:Constraints from(U-Th)/He ages,apatite fission track and vitrinite reflectance data.Journal of Asian Earth Sciences,41:551-563.
Reiners P W,Zhou Z Y,Ehlers T A,Xu C H,Brandon M T,Donelick R A and Nicolescu S.2003.Post-orogenic evolution of the Dabie Shan,eastern China,from(U-Th)/He and fission-track thermochronology.American Journal of Science,303:489-518.
Richardson N J,Densmore A L,Seward D,Fowler A,Wipf M,Ellis M A,Yong L and Zhang Y.2008.Extraordinary denudation in the Sichuan Basin:Insights from low-temperature thermochronology adjacent to the eastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau.Journal of Geophysical Research,113:B04409.
Shen C B,Mei L F and Xu S H.2009.Fission track dating of Mesozoic sandstones and its tectonic significance in the Eastern Sichuan Basin,China.Radiation Measurements,44(9-10):945-949.
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Tian Y T,Kohn B P,Gleadow A J W and Hu S B.2013.Constructing the Longmen Shan eastern Tibetan Plateau margin:Insights from low-temperature thermochronology.Tectonics,32(3):576-592.
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