合理密植下的行距配置对棉花生长结铃和产量品质的影响
|
摘要
为研究冀中南地区棉花合理密植下不同行距配置对棉花生长发育和产量品质的影响,以筛选出最佳行距配置。本试验以‘冀棉958’为供试材料,在种植密度为75 000株/hm~2条件下,设置4个行距配置,分别为行距80cm(Ⅰ),75cm(Ⅱ),70cm(Ⅲ)与(100+50)cm(Ⅳ),调查不同处理棉花的生长、结铃,测定产量、品质。结果表明:在75 000株/hm~2密度条件下,不同行距配置对棉花的株高和果枝台数无显著影响,75cm(Ⅱ)行距下茎粗最大,80cm(Ⅰ)行距下茎粗最小;单株成铃数无显著差异,但均低于CK(45 000株/hm~2,行距80cm),单株成铃率与单位面积成铃数均以处理Ⅱ最高,处理Ⅳ仅次于处理Ⅱ;子棉产量以处理Ⅳ最高,处理Ⅱ次之,各处理间霜前花率、单铃重及衣分差异不显著;不同行距配置之间纤维品质无显著差异。建议在冀中南地区棉花合理密植(75 000株/hm~2)下以行距75cm或(100+50)cm为较适宜的行距配置。
This paper aims to study the influences of different row spacing forms on cotton growth,bolls,yield and quality under the reasonable density in central south region of Hebei province to select the best row spacing form.The test used ‘jimian 958'as material,set 4 treatments of the planting density of 75 000 plants/hm~2,and row spacing forms were 80 cm(Ⅰ),75 cm(Ⅱ),70 cm(Ⅲ)and(100 + 50)cm(Ⅳ),to investigate the growth,boll,yield and quality under different dealings.The results showed that there was no significant effect on the plant heights and branch numbers within different row spacing forms under the density of75 000 plants/hm~2.Treatment 75 cm(Ⅱ)had the biggest stem diameter and treatment 80 cm(Ⅰ)had the smallest.The bell number per plant had no significant difference,but all the treatments were lower than CK(45 000 plants/hm~2,spaced 80 cm);Treatment Ⅱ's setting ratio was the highest,and then is treatmentⅣ.Cotton yield in processingⅣ was the highest,and then is treatmentⅡ.There were no significant differences in the pre-frost cotton ratio,single bell weight and lint percentage between treatments.And there was no significant difference in fiber quality between different row spacing forms.It is recommended that the row spacing of 75 cm or(100+50)cm should be adopted as the suitable form for cotton reasonable density planting(75 000 plants/hm~2)in North China.
This paper aims to study the influences of different row spacing forms on cotton growth,bolls,yield and quality under the reasonable density in central south region of Hebei province to select the best row spacing form.The test used ‘jimian 958'as material,set 4 treatments of the planting density of 75 000 plants/hm~2,and row spacing forms were 80 cm(Ⅰ),75 cm(Ⅱ),70 cm(Ⅲ)and(100 + 50)cm(Ⅳ),to investigate the growth,boll,yield and quality under different dealings.The results showed that there was no significant effect on the plant heights and branch numbers within different row spacing forms under the density of75 000 plants/hm~2.Treatment 75 cm(Ⅱ)had the biggest stem diameter and treatment 80 cm(Ⅰ)had the smallest.The bell number per plant had no significant difference,but all the treatments were lower than CK(45 000 plants/hm~2,spaced 80 cm);Treatment Ⅱ's setting ratio was the highest,and then is treatmentⅣ.Cotton yield in processingⅣ was the highest,and then is treatmentⅡ.There were no significant differences in the pre-frost cotton ratio,single bell weight and lint percentage between treatments.And there was no significant difference in fiber quality between different row spacing forms.It is recommended that the row spacing of 75 cm or(100+50)cm should be adopted as the suitable form for cotton reasonable density planting(75 000 plants/hm~2)in North China.
引文
[1]徐娇.种植密度对杂交棉干物质积累和氮磷钾吸收及产量品质的影响[D].南京:南京农业大学,2013.
[2]王香茹.黄河流域棉区适于机械采收的棉花播期和密度研究[D].北京:中国农业大学,2016.
[3]段鹏飞,赵地.密度对棉花主茎叶衰老特性及产量和品质的影响[J].河北农业大学学报,2017,40(5):12-17.
[4]戴茂华,吴振良,刘丽英,等.种植密度对棉花生育动态、产量和品质的影响[J].华北农学报,2014,29(S1):146-154.
[5]王海洋,陈建平,蔡立旺,等.不同种植密度对杂交抗虫棉生长发育及产量构成的影响[J].江西农业学报,2014,26(9):27-30.
[6]董合忠,李维江,李振怀,等.棉花营养枝利用的研究[J].棉花学报,2003,15(5):313-317.
[7]王志才.冀中南棉区种植密度和整枝方式对棉花群体质量的影响[D].保定:河北农业大学,2011.
[8]史加亮.行株距配置和密度对棉花生长发育及产量品质的影响[D].泰安:山东农业大学,2017.
[9]田立文,娄春恒,文如镜,等.不同密度水平棉花群体结构和光合产物积累动态比较[J].新疆农业科学,1996(4):160-162.
[10]支晓宇,毛树春,彭迎春,等.密度对棉花产量及棉铃内部产量构成的影响[J].棉花学报,2015,27(3):216-222.
[11]王彦立,李悦有,孙福鼎,等.黄河流域超早熟短季棉适宜播期及密度初探[J].中国棉花,2010,37(7):20-21.
[12]王新新,朱国立,何智彪,等.不同覆膜方式、种植密度对矮秆蓖麻产量的影响[J].内蒙古民族大学学报:自然科学版,2017,32(3):220-225.
[13]侯月,王冲,王鹏文.种植密度对玉米产量和相关生理特性影响的研究[J].天津农学院学报,2016,23(1):18-22.
[14]白伟,孙占祥,郑家明,等.辽西地区不同种植模式对春玉米产量形成及其生长发育特性的影响[J].作物学报,2014,40(1):181-189.
[15]杨吉顺,高辉远,刘鹏,等.种植密度和行距配置对超高产夏玉米群体光合特性的影响[J].作物学报,2010,36(7):1226-1233.
[16]张旺锋,勾玲,王振林,等.不同生态棉区棉花单铃重的变化及与气象因子关系的研究[J].中国农业科学,2002,35(7):872-877.
[17]周永萍,杜海英,田海燕,等.不同种植密度对棉花生长结铃及产量品质的影响[J].干旱区资源与环境,2018(4):95-99.
[18]徐新霞,雷建峰,高丽丽,等.不同机采棉行距配置对棉花生长发育及光合物质生产的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2017,35(2):51-56.
[19]杨秀理,朱江,李鲁华.不同配置方式对棉花生长发育及产量的影响[J].新疆农业科学,2006,43(5):421-425.
[20]李建峰,王聪,梁福斌,等.新疆机采模式下棉花株行距配置对冠层结构指标及产量的影响[J].棉花学报,2017,29(2):157-165.
[2]王香茹.黄河流域棉区适于机械采收的棉花播期和密度研究[D].北京:中国农业大学,2016.
[3]段鹏飞,赵地.密度对棉花主茎叶衰老特性及产量和品质的影响[J].河北农业大学学报,2017,40(5):12-17.
[4]戴茂华,吴振良,刘丽英,等.种植密度对棉花生育动态、产量和品质的影响[J].华北农学报,2014,29(S1):146-154.
[5]王海洋,陈建平,蔡立旺,等.不同种植密度对杂交抗虫棉生长发育及产量构成的影响[J].江西农业学报,2014,26(9):27-30.
[6]董合忠,李维江,李振怀,等.棉花营养枝利用的研究[J].棉花学报,2003,15(5):313-317.
[7]王志才.冀中南棉区种植密度和整枝方式对棉花群体质量的影响[D].保定:河北农业大学,2011.
[8]史加亮.行株距配置和密度对棉花生长发育及产量品质的影响[D].泰安:山东农业大学,2017.
[9]田立文,娄春恒,文如镜,等.不同密度水平棉花群体结构和光合产物积累动态比较[J].新疆农业科学,1996(4):160-162.
[10]支晓宇,毛树春,彭迎春,等.密度对棉花产量及棉铃内部产量构成的影响[J].棉花学报,2015,27(3):216-222.
[11]王彦立,李悦有,孙福鼎,等.黄河流域超早熟短季棉适宜播期及密度初探[J].中国棉花,2010,37(7):20-21.
[12]王新新,朱国立,何智彪,等.不同覆膜方式、种植密度对矮秆蓖麻产量的影响[J].内蒙古民族大学学报:自然科学版,2017,32(3):220-225.
[13]侯月,王冲,王鹏文.种植密度对玉米产量和相关生理特性影响的研究[J].天津农学院学报,2016,23(1):18-22.
[14]白伟,孙占祥,郑家明,等.辽西地区不同种植模式对春玉米产量形成及其生长发育特性的影响[J].作物学报,2014,40(1):181-189.
[15]杨吉顺,高辉远,刘鹏,等.种植密度和行距配置对超高产夏玉米群体光合特性的影响[J].作物学报,2010,36(7):1226-1233.
[16]张旺锋,勾玲,王振林,等.不同生态棉区棉花单铃重的变化及与气象因子关系的研究[J].中国农业科学,2002,35(7):872-877.
[17]周永萍,杜海英,田海燕,等.不同种植密度对棉花生长结铃及产量品质的影响[J].干旱区资源与环境,2018(4):95-99.
[18]徐新霞,雷建峰,高丽丽,等.不同机采棉行距配置对棉花生长发育及光合物质生产的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2017,35(2):51-56.
[19]杨秀理,朱江,李鲁华.不同配置方式对棉花生长发育及产量的影响[J].新疆农业科学,2006,43(5):421-425.
[20]李建峰,王聪,梁福斌,等.新疆机采模式下棉花株行距配置对冠层结构指标及产量的影响[J].棉花学报,2017,29(2):157-165.