弹性均压槽空气静压轴承静特性的影响因素分析
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摘要
为了研究影响弹性均压槽空气静压轴承静态特性的因素,基于气固耦合原理,建立弹性均压槽空气静压轴承的耦合控制方程,采用有限差分对控制方程进行离散求解,分别研究供气压力、均压槽宽度和节流孔直径对弹性均压槽空气静压轴承静态特性的影响。结果表明:供气压力、均压槽宽度和节流孔直径对弹性均压槽空气静压轴承承载力和刚度的影响较大,供气压力越大,轴承的承载力和刚度也越大,但刚度最大时的工作气膜间隙越小;均压槽宽度越大,轴承刚度最大时的工作气膜间隙越大;节流孔直径越小,轴承刚度越大。实验结果和理论计算结果基本一致,验证了数学模型和理论方法的正确性。
In order to study the factors affecting the static characteristics of aerostatic bearings with elastic equalizing pressure groove,based on the principle of gas-solid coupling,the coupling control equation of aerostatic bearings with elastic equalizing pressure groove was established.The governing equation was solved by finite difference method.The effects of supply pressure,the width of equalizing pressure groove and the diameter of throttle hole on the static characteristics of aerostatic bearings with elastic equalizing pressure groove were studied respectively.The results show that the pressure of supply gas,the width of equalizing pressure groove and the diameter of throttle hole have great influence on the bearing capacity and stiffness of aerostatic bearing with elastic equalizing groove.The bigger the pressure of supply gas,the bigger the bearing capacity and stiffness,but the smaller the working gas film gap is when the stiffness is maximum.The bigger the width of equalizing pressure groove,the bigger the working gas film gap is when the bearing stiffness is maximum.The smaller the bearing stiffness is,the bigger the bearing stiffness is.The theoretical simulation results were verified by experiments,the theoretical simulation results are basically consistent with the experimental results,which verifying the correctness of mathematical model and theoretical method.
In order to study the factors affecting the static characteristics of aerostatic bearings with elastic equalizing pressure groove,based on the principle of gas-solid coupling,the coupling control equation of aerostatic bearings with elastic equalizing pressure groove was established.The governing equation was solved by finite difference method.The effects of supply pressure,the width of equalizing pressure groove and the diameter of throttle hole on the static characteristics of aerostatic bearings with elastic equalizing pressure groove were studied respectively.The results show that the pressure of supply gas,the width of equalizing pressure groove and the diameter of throttle hole have great influence on the bearing capacity and stiffness of aerostatic bearing with elastic equalizing groove.The bigger the pressure of supply gas,the bigger the bearing capacity and stiffness,but the smaller the working gas film gap is when the stiffness is maximum.The bigger the width of equalizing pressure groove,the bigger the working gas film gap is when the bearing stiffness is maximum.The smaller the bearing stiffness is,the bigger the bearing stiffness is.The theoretical simulation results were verified by experiments,the theoretical simulation results are basically consistent with the experimental results,which verifying the correctness of mathematical model and theoretical method.
引文
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[2]RAPARELLI T,VIKTOROV V,COLOMBO F,et al.Aerostatic thrust bearings active compensation:critical review[J].Precision Engineering,2016,44:1-12.
[3]夏毅敏,杨添任,张刚强,等.Nanosys-1000机床静压止推轴承流场分布规律及承载特性[J].光学精密工程,2013,21(1):144-150.XIA Y M,YANG T R,ZHANG G Q,et al.Flow field distribution and bearing characteristics of hydrostatic thrust bearing in Nanosys-1000 machine[J].Optics&Precision Engineering,2013,21(1):144-150.
[4]GAO S,CHENG K,CHEN S,et al.CFD based investigation on influence of orifice chamber shapes for the design of aerostatic thrust bearings at ultra-high speed spindles[J].Tribology International,2015,92:211-221.
[5]LI Y,YIN Y,YANG H,et al.Modeling for optimization of circular flat pad aerostatic bearing with a single central orifice-type restrictor based on CFD simulation[J].Tribology International,2017,109:206-216.
[6]NISHIO U,SOMAYA K,YOSHIMOTO S.Numerical calculation and experimental verification of static and dynamic characteristics of aerostatic thrust bearings with small feedholes[J].Tribology International,2011,44(12):1790-1795.
[7]李一飞,尹益辉.小孔节流静压支承轴承力学性能的数值建模[J].光学精密工程,2017,25(2):417-424.LI Y F,YIN Y H.Numerical modeling of mechanical performances of aerostatic bearing with orifice-type restrictor[J].Optics&Precision Engineering,2017,25(2):417-424.
[8]赵晓龙,董皓,方舟,等.小孔节流空气静压止推轴承节流孔出口流场特性研究[J].润滑与密封,2016,41(12):37-40.ZHAO X L,DONG H,FANG Z,et al.Research on orifice exit flow field characteristics of aerostatic bearings with small hole throttle[J].Lubrication Engineering,2016,41(12):37-40.
[9]崔海龙,岳晓斌,张连新,等.基于数值模拟的小孔节流空气静压轴承静动态特性研究[J].机械工程学报,2016,52(9):116-121.CUI H L,YUE X B,ZHANG L X,et al.Static and dynamic characteristics of aerostatic bearing based on numerical simulation[J].Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2016.52(9):116-121.
[10]于贺春,王广洲,王文博,等.基于Fluent的微孔节流气体静压止推轴承的参数设计与研究[J].机床与液压,2018,46(13):130-133.YU H C,WANG G Z,WANG W B,et al.Research on Parameters Design of Micro-orifice Restrictor Aerostatic Thrust Bearings Based on Fluent[J].Machine Tool&Hydraulics,2018,46(13):130-133.
[11]于贺春,王广洲,张国庆,等.新型微孔节流气体静压轴承的特性研究[J].机床与液压,2018,46(5):59-63.YU H C,WANG G Z,ZHANG G Q,et al.Study in static characteristics of new type micro-orifice restrictor thrust aerostatic bearings[J].Machine Tool&Hydraulics,2018,46(5):59-63.
[12]ZHAO X L,ZHANG J A,DONG H,et al.Numerical simulation and experimental study on the gas-solid coupling of the aerostatic thrust bearing with elastic equalizing pressure groove[J].Shock and Vibration,2017,2017:1-11.