矿脉群卸压开采技术在岩爆防治中的应用研究
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摘要
矿山开采的岩爆防治理念和方法不同于隧道工程,特别是在矿脉群的回采中,应用卸压理念,掌握开采应力转移规律,通过调整开采次序,使待采矿块处于较低的应力环境中,以此来达到防治岩爆的目的是可行的。通过构建数值计算模型,研究矿脉群在不同开采方式下的最佳卸压效果,结果表明:矿脉群从下盘至上盘开采和从上盘至下盘开采,都可以使待采矿块处于卸压区,且上盘的泄压程度略大于下盘;这两种开采方式对待采矿块Y方向的卸压效果最好,Z方向其次,X方向最差,随着开采的逐次进行,Y方向的卸压程度也逐渐加强,分别可达20.1%~38.5%和19.1%~38.1%。
The concept and method of prevention of rock burst in mining were different from that of tunnel engineering.It would be useful to make the pending block under a lower stress environment,so as to prevent the rock burst,by applying the concept of pressure relief,knowing the law of mining stress transfer well,and adjusting the mining sequence,especially in the mining of vein group.In this paper,the optimum pressure relief effect of vein group under different mining methods was studied by establishing a numerical model.The results showed that,the mining methods of vein group,including mining from lower to upper and mining from upper to lower,both could make the pending block in the relief area,and the relief degree of upper was slightly larger than that of the lower.Secondly,with both mining methods,the pressure relief effect along Y direction of the pending block was the best,followed by Z direction and X direction.With the successive mining,the degrees of pressure relief of Y direction were gradually strengthened,respectively up to 20.1%~38.5% and 19.1%~38.1%.
The concept and method of prevention of rock burst in mining were different from that of tunnel engineering.It would be useful to make the pending block under a lower stress environment,so as to prevent the rock burst,by applying the concept of pressure relief,knowing the law of mining stress transfer well,and adjusting the mining sequence,especially in the mining of vein group.In this paper,the optimum pressure relief effect of vein group under different mining methods was studied by establishing a numerical model.The results showed that,the mining methods of vein group,including mining from lower to upper and mining from upper to lower,both could make the pending block in the relief area,and the relief degree of upper was slightly larger than that of the lower.Secondly,with both mining methods,the pressure relief effect along Y direction of the pending block was the best,followed by Z direction and X direction.With the successive mining,the degrees of pressure relief of Y direction were gradually strengthened,respectively up to 20.1%~38.5% and 19.1%~38.1%.
引文
[1]郭然,潘长良,于润仓.有岩爆倾向硬岩矿床采矿理论与技术[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,2003.
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[11]何定杆,曾明忍.分段采矿法在开采平行密集矿脉群中的应用[J].采矿技术,2016,16(2):15-17.
[12]胡毅夫,张常亮.钻孔卸压技术在渣滓溪锑矿岩爆防治中的应用[J].有色金属工程,2016,6(1):63-66.
[13]胡毅夫,汪业青,聂峥,等.渣滓溪锑矿岩爆防治方法研究[J].黄金科学技术,2016,24(3):9-13.
[2]张镜剑,傅冰骏.岩爆及其判据和防治[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2008,27(10):2034-2042.
[3]王文杰.中厚倾斜矿体卸压开采理论及其应用[J].金属矿山,2009,392(2):23-26.
[4]刘建波,陈斌,杨宇江.倾斜中厚矿体卸压开采应力迁移规律[J].东北大学学报(自然科学版),2010,31(9):1349-1352.
[5]周科平,朱和玲,肖雄,等.采矿环境再造连续开采地压演化过程的控制与仿真[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2008,39(3):417-421.
[6]赵团芝,李文平,李小琴,等.叠加开采应力及覆岩离层动态变化数值模拟[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2009,26(1):118-122.
[7]马元军,胡毅夫,吴伟伟.急倾斜复杂矿体采场结构参数优化研究[J].矿冶工程,2013,33(2):22-26.
[8]王御宇,李学峰,李向东.深部高应力区卸压开采研究[J].矿冶工程,2005,25(4):4-7.
[9]李学华,黄志增,杨宏敏,等.高应力硐室底鼓控制的应力转移技术[J].中国矿业大学学报,2006,35(3):296-300.
[10]陈文德,徐旭荣.银山铅锌矿北山急倾斜薄矿脉群采场地压控制[J].金属矿山,1999,275(5):11-13.
[11]何定杆,曾明忍.分段采矿法在开采平行密集矿脉群中的应用[J].采矿技术,2016,16(2):15-17.
[12]胡毅夫,张常亮.钻孔卸压技术在渣滓溪锑矿岩爆防治中的应用[J].有色金属工程,2016,6(1):63-66.
[13]胡毅夫,汪业青,聂峥,等.渣滓溪锑矿岩爆防治方法研究[J].黄金科学技术,2016,24(3):9-13.