冻融作用对土壤胶体及胶体结合态铅迁移的影响
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摘要
以东北地区棕壤为研究对象,通过人工控温和土柱淋洗试验,研究了不同冻融处理下铅污染土柱中土壤胶体和胶体结合态铅的迁移特征。结果表明:土壤高含水量(田间持水量100%)条件下冻融作用促进土壤胶体的迁移;土壤低含水量(田间持水量10%)条件下冻融作用对土壤胶体的影响减弱。淋洗试验中,土壤胶体在前20 min内大量淋失出土体,随后淋失量急剧减少;且前20 min内的土壤胶体淋失量随着冻融次数的增加先增加后减少。污染土柱中铅主要以胶体结合态的形式迁移,其迁移特征和受冻融作用影响的趋势与土壤胶体类似。冻融处理后滞留在土柱深层的铅含量较高,表明冻融作用能够促进铅向深层土壤迁移。
Transport characteristics of soil colloids and colloidal lead(Pb)in contaminated soil columns treated with different freeze/thawing cycles were investigated by simulating the temperature conditions in soil column leaching experiments. Brown soil samples were collectedfrom the northeast of China. The results showed that freezing/thawing accelerated the transport of soil colloids under higher soil water con?tents(100% of field capacity)and decreased it under lower soil water contents(10% of field capacity). A considerable proportion of soil col?loids leached out during the first 20 min in the column leaching experiment, after which time the leaching amount decreased sharply. More?over, the amount of soil colloids leached during the first 20 min increased first and then decreased with the extension in freezing/thawingtime. Pb present in the contaminated soil columns was transported mainly in the form of colloidal Pb and its transport characteristics weresimilar to those of soil colloids. Higher proportions of Pb were retained in deeper layers of the soil columns, indicating that freezing/thawing could facilitate Pb transport.
Transport characteristics of soil colloids and colloidal lead(Pb)in contaminated soil columns treated with different freeze/thawing cycles were investigated by simulating the temperature conditions in soil column leaching experiments. Brown soil samples were collectedfrom the northeast of China. The results showed that freezing/thawing accelerated the transport of soil colloids under higher soil water con?tents(100% of field capacity)and decreased it under lower soil water contents(10% of field capacity). A considerable proportion of soil col?loids leached out during the first 20 min in the column leaching experiment, after which time the leaching amount decreased sharply. More?over, the amount of soil colloids leached during the first 20 min increased first and then decreased with the extension in freezing/thawingtime. Pb present in the contaminated soil columns was transported mainly in the form of colloidal Pb and its transport characteristics weresimilar to those of soil colloids. Higher proportions of Pb were retained in deeper layers of the soil columns, indicating that freezing/thawing could facilitate Pb transport.
引文
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[20]王丰雨.优先流作用下的胶体-Pb的复合共迁移研究[J].环境污染与防治,2010,32(7):66-70.WANG Feng-yu.Study on co-migration of Pb with soil colloids in preferential flow[J].Environmental Pollution&Control,2010,32(7):66-70.
[21]谢冰怡.不同类型胶体对铅、镉在饱和多孔介质中运移的影响研究[D].杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2017.XIE Bing-yi.The influence of different colloids on the transport of lead and cadmium in saturated porous media[D].Yangling:Northwest A&F University,2017.
[22]Wang Y,Yin X,Sun H,et al.Transport of vanadium(Ⅴ)in saturated porous media:Effects of pH,ionic-strength and clay mineral[J].Chemical Speciation&Bioavailability,2016,28(1/2/3/4):7-12.
[23]Logsdail D E,Webber L R.Effect of frost action on structure of haldimand clay[J].Canadian Journal of Soil Science,1959,39(2):103-106.
[24]魏丽红.冻融作用对土壤理化及生物学性质的影响综述[J].安徽农业科学,2009,37(11):5054-5057.WEI Li-hong.Review on the effects of freezing and thawing on the physiochemical and biological properties of soil[J].Journal of Anhui Agri Sci,2009,37(11):5054-5057.
[2]Bozkurt S,Moreno L,Neretnieks I.Long-term processes in waste deposits[J].Science of the Total Environment,2000,250(1/2/3):101-121.
[3]Klitzke S,Lang F,Kaupenjohann M.Increasing pH releases colloidal lead in a highly contaminated forest soil[J].European Journal of Soil Science,2008:265-273.
[4]Yin X Q,Gao B,Ma L Q,et al.Colloid-facilitated Pb transport in two shooting-range soils in Florida[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2010,177(1/2/3):620-625.
[5]王明辉,张秀芝,温善菊,等.土壤无机纳米微粒提取的影响因素研究[J].吉林农业大学学报,2005,27(2):202-204,208.WANG Ming-hui,ZHANG Xiu-zhi,WEN Shan-ju,et al.Study on factors affecting extraction of soil inorganic nanoparticles[J].Journal of Jilin Agricultural University,2005,27(2):202-204,208.
[6]Mohanty S K,Saiers J E,Ryan J N.Colloid-facilitated mobilization of metals by freeze-thaw cycles[J].Environmental Science Technology,2014,48(2):977-984.
[7]商书波,王丰雨,李绪谦.土壤胶体理化性质对其稳定性和可移动性的影响研究[J].土壤,2010,42(6):1015-1019.SHANG Shu-bo,WANG Feng-yu,LI Xu-qian.Study on stability and mobility of soil colloids based on physicochemical property[J].Soils,2010,42(6):1015-1019.
[8]商书波.降雨对土壤胶体释放与迁移的影响研究[J].水土保持学报,2009,23(6):199-202.SHANG Shu-bo.Study on the release and migration of soil colloids with rainfall[J].Journal of Soil and Water Conservation,2009,23(6):199-202.
[9]丛鑫,王森,张琢,等.冻融对污染场地土壤重金属稳定化性能的影响[J].环境科学研究,2015,28(8):1240-1245.CONG Xin,WANG Sen,ZHANG Zhuo,et al.Effects of freeze-thaw cycle on stabilization performance of heavy metals in soil of contaminated site[J].Research of Environmental Sciences,2015,28(8):1240-1245.
[10]李悦铭,康春莉,张迎新,等.溶解性有机质对冻融作用下污染土壤中重金属Pb的溶出释放规律[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2013,43(3):945-953.LI Yue-ming,KANG Chun-li,ZHANG Ying-xin,et al.Dissolved organic matter effect on Pb leaching and release in the Pb contaminated soil dealt with freeze-thaw action[J].Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition),2013,43(3):945-953.
[11]郭平,李洋,张迎新,等.冻融作用对土壤吸附重金属的影响[J].吉林大学学报(理学版),2012b,50(3):593-597.GUO Ping,LI Yang,ZHANG Ying-xin,etal,Effect of freeze-thaw on the adsorption of heavy metals by soil[J].Journal of Jilin University(Science Edition),2012b,50(3):593-597.
[12]郭平,宋杨,谢忠雷,等.冻融作用对黑土和棕壤中Pb、Cd吸附/解吸特征的影响[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2012a,42(1):226-232.GUO Ping,SONG Yang,XIE Zhong-lei,et al.Effect of freeze-thawing cycles on adsorption-desorption of lead and cadmium in black soil and brown soil[J].Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition),2012a,42(1):226-232.
[13]魏明俐,伍浩良,杜延军,等.冻融循环下含磷材料固化锌铅污染土的强度及溶出特性研究[J].岩土力学,2015,36(1):215-219.WEI Ming-li,WU Hao-liang,DU Yan-jun,et al.Experimental study of Zn and Pb contaminated soils stabilized with new phosphate-based binder under freeze-thaw cycles[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2015,36(1):215-219.
[14]李国霞,韩志勇,朱敬涛.含水介质中粘粒释放的临界盐浓度测定[J].海洋通报,2009,28(1):11-15.LI Guo-xia,HAN Zhi-yong,ZHU Jing-tao.Mensuration of critical salt concentration of particle release in aqueous medium[J].Marine Science Bulletin,2009,28(1):11-15.
[15]Karathanasis A D,Johnson D M,Matoeha C J.Biosolideolloid-mediated transport of copper,zinc,and lead in waste-amended soils[J].Journal of Environmental Quality,2005,34(4):1153-1164.
[16]许端平,崔芳菲,李翰良,等.污染土壤胶体释放特征及其对锌运移的作用[J].环境工程学报,2015(5):2495-2502.XU Duan-ping,CUI Fang-fei,LI Han-liang,etal.Releasing characteristics of colloids from contaminated-soil and their effect on transportation of zinc[J].Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering,2015(5):2495-2502.
[17]Zhang Z,Ma W,Feng W J,et al.Reconstruction of soil particle composition during freeze-thaw cycling:A review[J].Pedosphere,2016,26(2):167-179
[18]景国臣,任宪平,刘绪军,等.东北黑土区冻融作用与土壤水分的关系[J].中国水土保持科学,2008,6(5);32-36.JING Guo-chen,REN Xian-ping,LIU Xu-jun,et al.Relationship between freeze-thaw action and soil moisture for northeast black soil region of China[J].Science of Soil and Water Conservation,2008,6(5):32-36.
[19]孙辉,秦纪洪,吴杨.土壤冻融交替生态效应研究进展[J].土壤,2008,40(4):505-509.SUN Hui,QIN Ji-hong,WU Yang.Freeze-thaw cycles and their impacts on ecological process:A review[J].Soils,2008,40(4):505-509.
[20]王丰雨.优先流作用下的胶体-Pb的复合共迁移研究[J].环境污染与防治,2010,32(7):66-70.WANG Feng-yu.Study on co-migration of Pb with soil colloids in preferential flow[J].Environmental Pollution&Control,2010,32(7):66-70.
[21]谢冰怡.不同类型胶体对铅、镉在饱和多孔介质中运移的影响研究[D].杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2017.XIE Bing-yi.The influence of different colloids on the transport of lead and cadmium in saturated porous media[D].Yangling:Northwest A&F University,2017.
[22]Wang Y,Yin X,Sun H,et al.Transport of vanadium(Ⅴ)in saturated porous media:Effects of pH,ionic-strength and clay mineral[J].Chemical Speciation&Bioavailability,2016,28(1/2/3/4):7-12.
[23]Logsdail D E,Webber L R.Effect of frost action on structure of haldimand clay[J].Canadian Journal of Soil Science,1959,39(2):103-106.
[24]魏丽红.冻融作用对土壤理化及生物学性质的影响综述[J].安徽农业科学,2009,37(11):5054-5057.WEI Li-hong.Review on the effects of freezing and thawing on the physiochemical and biological properties of soil[J].Journal of Anhui Agri Sci,2009,37(11):5054-5057.
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